Efforts in Thailand to restore democracy after many years of military rule were seriously undermined in 2025 by judicial intervention. The Constitutional Court dismissed Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra, who had been in office less than a year, on dubious grounds. The new government of Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul has done little to address outstanding human rights problems. Authorities continue to restrict fundamental rights—particularly freedom of expression and peaceful assembly—usinglèse-majesté (insulting the monarchy), sedition, and cyber-crime laws. Authorities have failed to protect human rights defenders from reprisals by state agencies and private companies. Enforcement of measures to resolve enforced disappearance is lacking. Impunity for security force abuses—particularly in Muslim areas in the deep south—continues unabated. Refugees and asylum seekers remain at risk of arrest and forced return.

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Thailand Advisor, Asia Division
Asia Advocacy Director

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