Previous:	Operation: FIRST STRIKE Battle of October 10
Concurrent:	Raid on the Threshold gas mine
Next:	Second Battle of New Mombasa Battle of Ross Island
Battle of Mombasa
Clockwise from top left:M12B Warthogs drive along a ruined highway inOld Mombasa;civilians fleeing bywatercraft during the battle; an image ofJohn-117 taken byBenjamin Giraud during the battle; aProtos-pattern Scarab destroyed in Old Mombasa; theSolemn Penance jumping toslipspace over the city; elements ofAlpha-Nine observing aKet-pattern battlecruiser at the conclusion of the battle.
Conflict:	Human-Covenant War Battle for Earth
Date:	October 20–21, 2552[1][2][3][Note 1]
Location:	Mombasa,Kenya,East African Protectorate
Outcome:	StrategicCovenant victory Covenant occupation and destruction of Mombasa viaglassing.[4] Rediscovery ofthe Portal.[4] HuragokQuick to Adjust defects and gives knowledge to the UNSC.[5] Prophet of Regret retreats toDelta Halo, where he is laterkilled byJohn-117.[6]
Details Belligerents UNSC UNSC Navy UNSC Army UNSC Air Force UNSC Marine Corps NMPD Civilian militias Colonial Militia[7] Covenant Commanders Unidentified colonel†[8] CDRMiranda Keyes[9](Pre-Slipspace) CAPTVeronica Dare[10](Post-Slipspace) LTParisa[11] MCPOJohn-117[9](Pre-Slipspace) SGTMAJAvery Johnson[9](Pre-Slipspace) SSGTMarcus Banks[9](Pre-Slipspace) HighProphet of Regret[9](Pre-Slipspace) HighProphet of Truth[2](Post-Slipspace) Strength Home Fleet 3+frigates[12](Pre-Slipspace) 1+Stalwart-class light frigate[9] 1+Paris-class heavy frigate[12] 1+destroyer[13] 2+prowlers[12](Pre-Slipspace) 1+stealth corvette[12] 1+Sahara-class heavy prowler[12] Fifth Fleet 1+Marathon-class heavy cruiser[14](in low orbit) 2+Crassus-class supercarriers[15] MultipleF-99 Wombats[8] 1 stolenT-52 Phantom[16](Post-Slispace) MultipleD77 Pelicans[9] MultipleD77C-NMPD Pelicans[17] MultipleAV-22 Sparrowhawks[18] 1+UH-144 Falcon[19] MultipleAV-14 Hornets[18] MultipleM312 Elephants[20] SeveralOlifants[4] M808 Scorpion MultipleM808B Scorpions[6] MultipleM808C Scorpions[21] MultipleM850 Grizzlies[22] M12 Warthog MultipleM12 Chaingun Warthogs[9] MultipleM12G1 Gauss Warthogs[6] MultipleM831 Troop Transport Warthogs[4] MultipleM274 Mongooses[7] Numerous ground forces 1Spartan-II[9](Pre-Slipspace) Numerousmarines[9] NumerousODSTs[9] NumerousNMPD personnels[23] Numerous armedcivilians[24] Fleet of Sacred Consecration 1CAS-class assault carrier[9](Pre-Slipspace) 3+Ket-pattern battlecruisers[16][25] Truth's fleet[2](October 21) Massive number of ships[2] 3+CAS-class assault carriers[4] MultipleKet-pattern battlecruisers[4] Numerous air vehicles NumerousR'shwupa-pattern Phantoms[20] NumerousT-52 Phantoms[9] NumerousT-28 Spirits[18] T-26 Banshee NumerousT-26A Banshees[6] NumerousT-26B Banshees[26] NumerousT-26C Banshees[21] Numerous ground vehicles 2+T-47A Scarabs[9] MultipleT-47B Scarabs[16][4] NumerousT-48 Weevils[9] NumerousT-26 Wraiths[6] SeveralT-52 AA Wraiths[16] NumerousT-32 Ghosts[9] NumerousT-29 Shadows[9] Numerous ground forces Jiralhanae[10] Sangheili[9](Pre-slipspace) Huragok[16] Unggoy[9] Kig-Yar[9] Mgalekgolo[9] Yanme'e[9] Casualties Heavy infantry and civilian casualties[27] Majority of NMPD forces Many ODSTs Most of Scorpions[21] Heavy infantry casualties Many Scarabs[28] 2+Protos-pattern Scarabs[6] 1+Deutoros-pattern Scarab[16] All remaining Sangheili forces[8][2](killed by Jiralhanae under Truth's orders)

"This is the only place onEarth theCovenant decided to land. ThatProphet is going to tell us why."

—Fleet AdmiralTerrence Hood^[9]

TheBattle of Mombasa, also known as theBattle of New Mombasa,^[26] was a large-scaleengagement of theBattle for Earth, taking place in lateOctober 2552. Over the course of the battle,Covenant forces attempted to capture thecity ofMombasa,Kenya before it was quickly retaken in a matter of around one hour by theUNSC.^[9][6] However, after theHigh Prophet of Regret's retreat, the city remained occupied but now by theProphet of Truth and his Jiralhanae loyalists.^[1] In the aftermath of the battle,the Portal tothe Ark was eventually found by the Covenant, which would prove to be a major determining factor in the final outcome of theHuman-Covenant War.^[4][2] Years after the war's end, a movement known as "Project Rebirth" emerged to endorse the eventual rebuilding of Mombasa in the aftermath of the War.^[29]

Background[edit]

Covenant Discovery[edit]

After discovering and decrypting aForerunnerLuminary found onMeridian, theHigh Prophet of Regret of theCovenant was givenSlipspace coordinates to aplanet called "Erde-Tyrene", which was home to a Forerunnerslipspace portal leading to theArk — a facility highly important to the initiation of their"Great Journey". Unknown to Regret, Erde-Tyrene washumanity's homeworld,Earth. In his characteristic brash and ambitious manner, the Prophet of Regret, wishing to proceed with securing the Portal, tooka hastily-assembled force of 15 warships to Earth.^[30] Though surprised to find not only a human presence on the planet, but a planet more fortified than any previously encountered human-held world, theHigh Prophet deemed his mission important enough to proceed and utilized many tactics to ensure his safe arrival on the surface. The coordinates provided by the Forerunner information indicated that his quarry was around the area ofMombasa,Kenya. Immediately after theProphet of Truth learned of Regret's move, he senta massive support and excavation fleet he had collected in secrecy to pick up where Regret had left off.^[1][2]

Mombasa[edit]

The city was relatively lightly defended, with onlyNMPD forces as well as some Marine units present, including the17th Marine Regiment.^[24] Some additional military units had been transferred to the city, along with Earth's other tether cities, following theFall of Reach to bolster their defenses in case of a Covenant invasion. These includedE2-BAG/1/7 as well as someUNSC Army forces, though LieutenantParisa of E2-BAG/1/7 was put out of action upon deployment.^[11]

Just prior to the Covenant's attack,Sadie Endesha was on her way toMagongo to enlist in the UNSC,^[31] while photographer and journalistBenjamin Giraud was on a train heading toOld Mombasa.^[24]

Battle[edit]

Surprise Covenant invasion[edit]

"No parking, violators will be ticketed and towed!"

— The Superintendent discussing the assault carrier hovering over New Mombasa with Sadie Endesha.^[32]

UNSC reinforcements from theUNSCIn Amber Clad arrive in New Mombasa.

On October 20, during the opening stages of theBattle for Earth, a singleCAS-class assault carrier, theSolemn Penance, broke through theUNSC Home Fleet's defensive lines and headed towards Earth's atmosphere.^[33][24] The ship slipspace jumped down to the city ofNew Mombasa in theEast African Protectorate.^[34] There, the ship came to rest over theUplift Nature Reserve deploying infantry and mechanized support.^[8] One of the Covenant's first targets was the MombasaMaglev train network.^[35] Despite the widespread Covenant deployment throughout Mombasa, the highest concentration of Covenant ground troops was directly below the carrier in its landing zone.^[36] Over the course of the battle, the Covenant deployed severalScarab assault platforms in both the old and new sections of Mombasa, with many of them targeting the city's space elevator.^[37] The UNSC managed to trap and destroy many of them in the narrow streets of the city.^[28]

The Covenant also sent seven Huragok, includingQuick to Adjust, intoKikowani subway station, likely in search of the Forerunner structure underneath Mombasa. However, the six other Huragok instead freed Quick to Adjust from its explosive harness.^[38] While the six others were killed, Quick survived and made its way into the data center. DoctorDaniel Endesha witnessed the event, and instructedVergil, a subroutine of the city Superintendent, to track Quick.^[39] The Covenant would find out Quick's betrayal, and send forces into the Data Center to kill Quick or prevent its defection to the UNSC.^[40]

At the time of the ship jumping down to the city, Sadie Endesha and numerous civilians had been kicked off a train inOld Mombasa.^[34] Covenant tanks that were very quickly deployed into the city,^[32] bombarded and destroyed the train in the vicinity ofMakupa Station.^[41] NMPD CommissionerKinsler and officerMike Branley soon arrived on the scene, taking Sadie away from the crowd and headed for a police bunker outside the city.^[41] Over the course of the battle, some civilians took up arms in an attempt to defend their city, joining the Marines under command ofa Marine officer.^[24] These "militias" were used as apropaganda tool by the NMPD, broadcasting their exploits over PA systems.^[42] Though a number of the stories of the militias appear to have been fabricated byStephen at NMPDHQ, including that of "Harris 'Two-Shot' Kibaki.^[43] With the Mombasa Tether being shut down, citizens were forced to escape the city on foot or by car.^[42] The militias and armed citizens allowed for most of the people of New Mombasa to evacuate from the city to Old Mombasa using boats destined for other surrounding cities.^[24]

MoreUNSC Marine Corps andUNSC Army units later poured into the region after the initial attack, some of which arriving fromDiego Garcia near India.^[44]

UNSC insertion[edit]

SergeantAvery Johnson: "Dear Humanity...we regret being alien bastards. We regret coming to Earth. And we most definitely regret that the Corps just blew up our raggedy-ass fleet!"

Pelican Pilots: "Oo-rah!"

Cortana: "Regret is a name, Sergeant. The name of one of the Covenant's religious leaders. A Prophet. He's on that carrier, and he's calling for help."

— Sergeant Major Avery Johnson and Cortana discussing a Covenant distress signal, while flying in on aPelican.^[9]

A picture of John-117 during the battle taken byBenjamin Giraud.

Some time after the Covenant insertion to the city and during the civilian evacuation, theStalwart-class light frigateUNSCIn Amber Clad of theMedii Battle Group^[45] descended near Mombasa to reinforce the ground troops already present. Intercepted transmission from the Covenant forces had led the UNSC to correctly believe that it was the High Prophet of Regret in command of the opposing force, making his capture their utmost priority in the right line of the originallycancelledOperation: RED FLAG. ThreePelicans, one of them with theMaster Chief Petty OfficerJohn-117 onboard, were deployed by theIn Amber Clad to board theSolemn Penance hovering near theMombasa Tether. However, before they could get near the carrier, the formation ran across aProtos-pattern Scarab which shot down all of the Pelicans in Old Mombasa. The first was destroyed by the Scarab's main cannon, while the second, carrying anODSTsquad led byGunnery SergeantMarcus Stacker, was shot down and crash-landed on the beach. The third Pelican, carryingSergeant MajorAvery Johnson andJohn-117 crashed upside-down into a building in the heart of Old Mombasa.^[9]

Outskirts[edit]

A Scarab attacks the city of Mombasa.

"Here, let me give him my "Welcome to Earth" gift basket."

—Walpole, an ODST about to fire on a group of Covenant at Hotel Zanzibar.^[46]

Both teams suffered few casualties from their respective crashes. The Spartan's team moved into a nearby building while Stacker's team moved up the beach to theHotel Zanzibar and set up a command post, eliminating several Covenant units in the process. Both teams then waited in their respective locations for extraction.^[9]

After John-117 and his allies repelled several waves of Covenant including a pair ofMgalekgolo, a Pelican found the group and gave them coordinates of a landing zone.CommanderMiranda Keyes ordered Johnson to regroup with theIn Amber Clad so that he could coordinate further deployment of infantry and armor units while the Spartan continued on foot through the city to regroup with the second squad.^[9]

After fighting his way through multiple alleyways filled withKig-Yar Snipers, John-117 found and assisted theODSTs pinned down at Hotel Zanzibar. Commander Keyes sent a Warthog to the Spartan, who spearheaded a counterattack, destroying Covenant infantry, armor, andCovenant artillery emplacements on the beaches facingNew Mombasa.^[9]

John-117 and his makeshift Marine unit entered a blown-out hole in a tunnel where they intercepted and destroyed a Covenant convoy, made up primarily ofRuwaa-pattern Shadows that had been attempting to rendezvous with the regrouping Covenant ground forces still stationed in that sector of the city. Along the way they engaged and neutralized several barricades the Covenant had assembled to fortify the tunnel network. After the engagement in the tunnels, they advanced towards the bridge connecting Old and New Mombasa. Before the Spartan got there, the Marine unit at the bridge had already exhausted itself fighting the Scarab.^[9][6]

The Conduit[edit]

Alpha-Five being deployed into New Mombasa.

Main article:Operation: WINDOW PANE

As theIn Amber Clad's force pressed towards New Mombasa, the Covenant brought theConduit—a Forerunner device capable of openingslipspace portals—to New Mombasa.^[26] ASpiritdropship carrying adata pad with information pertaining to the Conduit was shot down byUNSC forces.^[18] When the data pad's relevance to the Conduit was realized by the UNSC, asquad of Orbital Drop Shock Troopers wassent to recover it.^[26] Covenant forces awaiting extraction at the crashed Spirit were attacked by the ODST squad and theSangheiliField Master carrying the data pad was killed. With the data pad, the UNSC used the information gained to pinpoint the location of the Conduit in the city.^[47] The ODST squad was directed to a Sangheili task force carrying the Conduit. After a brief engagement, the ODSTs managed to procure the Conduit from the Covenant and the device was delivered to a nearby UNSC convoy.^[20]

The Covenant responded by assaulting the convoy with waves of infantry. Though the ODST squad and several Marines attempted to defend the convoy from attacking Covenant forces, a Sangheili Field Master dropped down from his Spirit into theElephant carrying the Conduit, retrieved the device, and escaped the engagement aboard the dropship. The ODSTs gave chase and,^[48] eventually, the Spirit was shot down. The squad located the dropship's crash site and attacked its surviving occupants. When the Field Master and hisKig-Yar bodyguards were eventually eliminated, the Conduit was reclaimed by the UNSC.^[49] The ODSTs took the Conduit aboard aWarthog and were ordered to leave the city.^[50]

Forerunner glyphs[edit]

Concurrent with the search for the Conduit, anunidentified ODST squad participated in the battle with orders to retrieve information the Covenant were interested in. Commandeering aGrizzly tank, the squad rescued marines who had recovered an emergency broadcast from a downedAV-14 Hornet, stating that its crew had captured a series ofForerunner glyphs from the Covenant. The squad then trekked their way to the site, recovered the glyphs, and escaped the city before theSolemn Penance jumped into slipspace.^[22]

Battle for New Mombasa[edit]

TheScarab fires uponaScorpion tank, destroying it instantly.

SergeantBanks: "That thing is really starting topiss me off! Marines, time to kill us a Scarab!"

CorporalPerez: "It's over here, sir!"

— Sergeant Banks and Corporal Perez talking about a Scarab heading towards the canals in New Mombasa.^[6]

The Master Chief arrived at the bridge to assess the situation while Sergeant Johnson reinforced the Marines with weaponry, including aScorpion tank. The Chief traveled across the bridge with the armored unit, clearing it of both Covenant armored and mechanized forces. These forces includedGhosts,Wraiths,Phantoms, andBanshees.^[6]

After the engagement on the bridge, UNSC forces entered New Mombasa in large numbers. They linked up with various squads of Marines as they moved through the city, eliminating Covenant forces that were setting up positions. The Master Chief's team worked their way into theKilindini Park Cultural Center through the sewer system, and then towards the city center viaShimanzi Road andBeria Plaza, finding that the Scarab had, likewise, taken a similar path.^[6][11]

Once in the heart of theindustrial zone near the city center, John-117's team found a Marine outpost holed in a corporate building,^{[Note 2]} commanded byStaff SergeantBanks ofA Company under siege by a unit of Wraiths. The UNSC forces, with the help of John-117, destroyed the Wraiths, and secured a landing zone for reinforcements. The Pelicans then dropped a platoon of Marine infantry and a Scorpion tank.^[6]

The lumbering Scarab appeared from the other end of the plaza the Marine outpost was facing and the Scorpion tank opened fire on it, with no effect. After the Scarab destroyed the tank with its main gun, Marines opened fire on the walker, but it was unaffected and impervious to the weak rounds and climbed over their position and moved into the canals of the city. However, it soon found itself trapped inside of the walls of the canal, giving Pelicans a chance to attack it openly.^[6]

The Master Chief and A Company followed the Scarab through the canals and the Spartan boarded the walker. While the Marines provided some cover fire, John defeated the forces manning the Scarab walker. After defeating its command crew, he managed to destroy the Scarab from the inside. All Covenant forces soon began retreating to Regret's carrier. The Master Chief was extracted by Sergeant Johnson's Pelican and taken back toIn Amber Clad along with the remaining members of A Company.^[6]

Regret's withdrawal[edit]

TheUNSCIn Amber Clad gives chase as Regret's flagship prepares to flee New Mombasa.

Remi: "Ma'am, without a destination solution—"

Miranda Keyes: "We arenot losing that ship!"

— Miranda Keyes ordering the pursuit of theSolemn Penance.^[6]

The Pelicans carrying Spartan-117 and the Marines entered theIn Amber Clad, just as the carrier was preparing to flee.Fleet AdmiralTerrence Hood was hesitant to letIn Amber Clad engage Regret's assault carrier, still above Mombasa and beside the Mombasa space elevator. He instead opted to call in two heavier vessels to intercept the carrier if it returned to space. However, when the carrier initiated its slipspace drive, preparing to jump while still in the atmosphere, Hood gave the ship the green light to give chase.^[6] TheUNSCParis,UNSCRedoutable, andUNSCCoral Sea, and theUNSCDusk followed in the wake of the slipspace jump, with the latter ship losing contact with its companions in the slipstream.^[51]

Just before the carrier jumped, remaining ships of the UNSC Home Fleet deployed dozens ofSOEIVs down to the city inan effort to infiltrate the carrier, only to be caught by theEMP blast in mid-flight, destroying their navigational and safety systems, plunging them and theirOrbital Drop Shock Trooper occupants to almost certain death. It is likely that onlyone squad survived, having changed their course away from the carrier at the last moment. Many of the city's buildings were heavily damaged but remained standing, including the Mombasa Tether. The rupture also created a large crater in the mainland, north of New Mombasa, revealing a section of the Forerunner portal.^[14] This event would later become referred to as theNew Mombasa Slipspace Event, and would lead to the reactivation of the oldNATOOutpost C9.^[52]

The ODSTs in possession of the Conduit were escaping the city as the nearbySolemn Penance entered slipstream space over Mombasa.^[50] When the resulting slipspace rupture engulfed the city, the ODSTs were killed and the Conduit was believed to have been destroyed as well.^[53] However, the Conduit entered slipspace to save itself from destruction and arrived atInstallation 03.^[54]

After the Slipspace Event[edit]

APhantom deploying troops in New Mombasa just after the Slipspace Event.

"We need to get above this crap, link up with thebee-net. One of our drones must have seen where they hit."

—Edward Buck toKojo Agu after meeting in Tayari Plaza.

Large numbers of Covenant troops remained in the city even after Regret's withdrawal. While most of Regret's troops evacuated into the carrier, there was still a significant Covenant presence both on the ground and in orbit. Moments after Regret jumped, theProphet of Truth seized the control of the battle and assumed the command of what remained within Regret'sinitial fleet while a largesupport and excavation fleet ofJiralhanae-led Covenant reinforcements was en route to Earth. The remaining Jiralhanae from Regret's forces were simultaneously given orders to execute theSangheili forces on the ground and in orbit. This was a part of the Prophet of Truth's personal scheme for the Covenant, which would come to its conclusion two weeks later when the Sangheili were officially removed from their positions as the main warrior caste of the Covenant.^[1][2]

The Covenant forces were met by a sizeable number of UNSC Marines andNMPD forces that remained in the city. The human forces organized an effective resistance, and fought for control of the city throughout the remainder of the day. The city'sUrban Infrastructure AISuperintendent also had a vital role in the defense of the city.^[17]

Knocked off their course by the slipspace rupture, two SOEIVs made rough landings: Gunnery SergeantEdward Buck's pod inLumumba, and CaptainVeronica Dare's in nearbyTayari Plaza. At this point in the battle, large groups of Jiralhanae led forces were being deployed into the city. Buck fought his way to Tayari Plaza to help Dare, but upon making it to her pod, he discovered that the Captain had disappeared. Meeting withanother of his squad mates and with no idea what his objective was now, Buck took the decision to reunite with his squad and then extract them from the city as fast as possible.^[10]

Assault on the Covenant landing zone[edit]

The battle for the Covenant LZ in the Uplift Reserve.

Colonel: "Trooper, you're almost at second platoon's location. Give 'em a hand and push to the primary objective!"

Taylor Miles: "What is the objective, Colonel?"

Colonel: "You know the Covenant carrier that slipped away from the city? We need to secure its old LZ. Snatch a Tier One asset."

— ODSTTaylor Miles and the UNSC colonel at Uplift Reserve.^[8]

Around thirty minutes after the slipspace event, unmannedF-99 UCAVs were sent to the city to maintain air supremacy over the Phantoms and Banshees. UNSC forces began to regroup, following the orders ofa Marine colonel. The Marines were ordered to regroup at the colonel's position near the landing zone, and take control of Regret's carrier's former landing zone in theUplift Nature Reserve in an effort to seize an unidentified enemy asset, later revealed to be groups of Huragok. Marines at the Uplift Reserve, led bya surviving ODST, managed to break through Covenant defenses along the way to the landing zone. At this point, the Mombasa Tether, already damaged by the jump, collapsed, with miles of debris from the tether scattered across East Africa.^[55] The collapse also killed the colonel, who, in his final moments, ordered Marines to evacuate from the park. With the colonel dead and the Covenant transporting all Huragok away from the park, the UNSC forces gained little advantages from their efforts in the park.^[8]

Fallback to ONI Alpha Site[edit]

The Alpha Site is destroyed.

Marine: "All teams, hold the ridge, don't let them near the ONI building!"

Jiralhanae: "We do the Prophet's bidding, show no fear!"

— A UNSC Marine and Jiralhanae Captain rallying their respective forces at ONI Alpha Site.

After the UNSC reclaimed the Covenant landing zone in Uplift Reserve, defending theOffice of Naval Intelligence'slocal headquarters became the top priority. Ninety minutes after the slipspace event, Marines began falling back to the building as advancing Covenant Wraith convoys prepared to lay siege to Alpha Site. Kizingo Boulevard in Sector 4 became an important location where UNSC forces have set up stationaryM68 Gauss cannons to defend the entrance to the rally point at Sector 10, which leads into Alpha Site. Marines managed to regroup at Sector 10 before falling back further into the ONI complex.^[21]

Within the ONI compound, the Marines and the NMPD forces destroyed the bridge leading to the base, in hopes of slowing down the advancing Covenant forces. This did not, however, stop the incoming dropships, but slowed the advance. The human forces fell back to the base's courtyard, which they defended against waves of Covenant attackers, before falling back into the interior of the main building. Again, they fended off multiple waves of Covenant. NMPD forces then plantedexplosives inside the complex, to destroy it in order to prevent the Covenant from accessing the Superintendent's data facility deep under the building. The only survivors of the siege were two ODSTs from Alpha-Nine, Michael Crespo and Taylor Miles, who evacuated from the roof, where they were picked up by anNMPD Pelican dropship. Once on board, they detonated the explosives and watched as the ONI building was completely destroyed. Six hours later, the building was still burning from the explosions.^[17] At the time, Crespo and Miles were unaware that destroying the building had alerted a newly-constructedYanme'e hive beneath the building in the Superintendent's data facility, making it much more difficult for UNSC forces to reach the data core later on.^[40]

Skirmish at NMPD Headquarters[edit]

While the Alpha Site was destroyed, Edward Buck and his squad's sniper,Kojo Agu, made their way to the top floors of theNMPD headquarters building, where they were to be picked up by Pelican with two other ODSTs already onboard. However, the dropship was shot down before landing, and it crashed on another rooftop, killing the pilot on impact. Buck and Agu fought their way across the rooftops, and eventually reached the crash site, where they fought off waves of attacking Covenant using heavy weapons from the Pelican. Finally,Jiralhanae ChieftainBracktanus dropped off from a Phantom, killed an NMPD officer and severely wounded Agu. The squad managed to kill the Chieftain, after which they decided to evacuate through the train tunnels which led into Old Mombasa.^[23]

Nightfall[edit]

The rainy streets of New Mombasa, reduced to a ghost town.

Michael Crespo: "What do you see, Gunny?"

Edward Buck: "A whole lot of Covenant, gathering around that Slipspace crater. I wonder what they're looking for."

— Buck and Crespo from Alpha-Nine observing the skyline from Kikowani.

By nightfall, nearly all human forces in the city had either been evacuated or destroyed. With Covenant forces controlling the city, remaining Covenant cruisers left by the Prophet of Regret began excavating the area around the crater created by the slipspace rupture.^[25] Among the few human survivors were the members of Alpha-Nine, who arrived atKikowani Station near the city's northeastern seawall, only to realize that the station, as well asits surroundings had been flooded bywater, making escape through train tunnels impossible. The squad decided to hijack a Phantom dropship, in which they succeeded. Buck escorted the rest of the squad through the flooded sections of the city in aBanshee. The area was filled with Covenant forces, including aScarab. After destroying the Scarab, they managed to fly out of the city, when Buck suddenly realized he knew where Captain Dare was and decided to go back to find her, inside the Superintendent'sdata center.^[16]

Around the same time, a lone ODST from Alpha-Nine, Lance CorporalJ.D. "Rookie", thought dead by the rest of the squad, woke up in his pod, on the edge of a rooftop inMbaraki. The city was already occupied by the Covenant, with no UNSC resistance left. The Superintendent aided the Rookie to survive in the city and look for clues for what happened to his squad. After wandering around the city for a while, the Rookie received a distress message from Dare, who was inside the Superintendent's data facility deep under the city. He made his way to a subway entrance, and descended down an elevator shaft, to Sublevel 7 of the data center.^[7] At this point, the underground tunnels had become infested withYanme'e, who had built massive hives in the area.^[40]

Extracting the asset[edit]

Dare and the Rookie meetQuick to Adjust, who "saved" Vergil inside the Superintendent's Data Center.

Veronica Dare: "When didthis happen?"

Edward Buck: "They started showing up right before I went underground."

— ONI agent Veronica Dare and ODST Edward Buck viewing a fleet of Covenant ships circling Mombasa.^[4]

Eventually, the Rookie managed to meet up with Dare inside theSuperintendent's Data Center. The two fought through the Yanme'e hive in sublevel 10, causing the Yanme'e to alert the Jiralhanae, who sent more reinforcements to the Data Center. Inside, Dare and Rookie discovered the HuragokQuick to Adjust,^[5] who had combined the Superintendent, namely itsVergil subroutine, with itself. As Quick disconnected from the core, the AI shut itself down, as all of its data had been transferred into the creature. At this point, Buck arrived into the complex and the ODSTs escaped back to the surface through the Covenant-occupied tunnels, while protecting the critically important Huragok.^[40]

The next day on the morning of October 21, planned reinforcements of the enormous Jiralhanae-led Covenant support and excavation fleet from the Prophet of Truth began to exit slipspace above Mombasa and across itssurrounding areas, ensuring the full secure of large portions of theAfrica from the UNSC and reinforcing excavation measures by the remaining forces of the Fleet of Sacred Consecration despite Covenant's lack of intel on the nature of thegateway Portal complex to theArk.^{[3][Note 3]}

During the final hours of the day, the area was now full of arriving Covenantcapital ships. More Scarabs have been deployed to the city, and a massive air force of Banshees were deployed to the crater. Buck, Dare and the Rookie made their way to the surface, through a Covenant outpost inSector 1, and eventually took an elevator to the city'sWaterfront Highway. They then pushed through the highway and made a stand at the entrance to Uplift Reserve. The Phantom captured by the rest of the squad arrived and picked them up, and they made it out just as an assault carrier appeared from slipspace and glassed the area.^[4]

Immediately after the Covenant occupation of Mombasa was achieved, the combinedCovenant fleet gathered overKenya and continued to uncoverthe Forerunner structure which activates a portal tothe Ark.^[4] While the Covenant fleet was prolongedly glassing the majority of East Africa, millions would have persished over the course of the excavation effort, before it ended at the final stages of theBattle of Kenya.^[56]

Aftermath[edit]

A large Covenant fleet sent by the Prophet of Truth continues to arrive over Mombasa and uncovers the Portal, signifying the end of the Battle of Mombasa.

New Mombasa and Earth[edit]

"Before 2552, there was no way anything like that could happen on Earth. On one of those distant planets in the outer colonies, maybe. But an attack on Earth? Couldn't happen. Until it did. It's calledglassing. Covenant warships rain plasma down on a planet until everything and everyone on the surface melts. Usually, it's complete world destruction. Earth only got a taste. The prolonged orbital bombardment destroyed East Africa, killing millions before it ended. None of us were safe anymore."

—Benjamin Giraud^[56]

The UNSC would not discover the actual purpose of the Covenant's arrival on Earth until two weeks after theBattle of Installation 05; most of the information was presumably received from the Huragok that had absorbedVergil's data.^[4] By this point, theProphet of Truth had already arrived in Sol System on theForerunner Dreadnought, along with many remnants of thediminishing Covenant such as the remainder ofCovenant survivors of theBattle of Installation 05 with him.^[57] The UNSC would assume the Forerunner structure to be the "Ark" until its activation during theBattle of Voi onNovember 17, 2552.^[55][58]

The remnants of New Mombasa were liberated after Truth's fleet retreated tothe Ark and were subsequently defeated, withOperation: MARSH FLASH beginning as part of theURNA Southwest Campaign.

Parts of Mombasa, likeHaller Street, survived the battle. Haller Street and other areas had received some revitalization afterProject Rebirth investment and UNSC interest in the Portal at Voi.^[59] At some point through Project Rebirth, plans had been created to build theUnited Nations Space Command Memorial Park in the city.^[29]

Some of the refugees of the battle ended up on the planetOban.^[60]

Solemn Penance and UNSCIn Amber Clad[edit]

TheSolemn Penance would arrive atInstallation 05 onNovember 3, the Prophet of Regret having learned of the ring's location from theLuminary onMeridian.^[30] The assault carrier was followed byIn Amber Clad, who deployed acontingent of ODSTs led by John-117 on amission to capture or kill the Prophet, an objective they would accomplish.^[61][62] TheCoral Sea,Dusk andRedoubtable all arrived as well, but at different times. The last ship to arrive, theDusk, appeared in time to witness the outbreak of theGreat Schism.^[51]

Alpha-Nine, Vergil, and Sadie Endesha[edit]

Alpha-Nine was assigned to guard Quick to Adjust.^[63] Eventually, the Huragok was interrogated by Avery Johnson onQuito Terminus, where Quick to Adjust and Vergil confirmed that the Covenant at New Mombasa were searching for the "Ark", or as revealed upon its activation, the Portal to the Ark.^[4] A transcript of the interrogation of Vergil was given toTerrence Hood in a document titled "Vergil".^[64]

A timeline of events in the Battle of Mombasa and the CSV of Edward Buck were compiled forMargaret Parangosky byBlack Box titled "First Twelve Hours".^[25]

Forerunner glyphs and the Conduit[edit]

In the summer of2557, nearly five years after the battle, the Forerunner glyphs recovered by several ODSTs in the city were finally decoded, pointing to a region onGamma Halo containing anunidentified Forerunner machine.^[22]

Timeline[edit]

October 20, 2552[edit]

• 1459 hours: TheCAS-class assault carrierSolemn Penance targets New Mombasa.^[25] The carrier slipspace ruptured down to the city,^[34] and came to rest over theUplift Nature Reserve.^[8]
• Between 1459 and 1603 hours:Solemn Penance drifts towards theNew Mombasa Orbital Elevator. John-117 deployed to Old Mombasa^[9] and fights into the heart of New Mombasa.^[6]Sadie Endesha teams up withMike Branley and struggles to reach the Mombasa city center and to find her dadDaniel Endesha.^[65]
• 1512 hours: AT1 asset is exposed to capture or kill.^[25]
• 1557 hours: Alpha-Five confirms procurement of the Conduit.^[25]
• 1602 hours: ODST units are dropped fromUNSCSay My Name as part ofOperation: BUMRUSH.^[25]
• 1603 hours:Solemn Penance departs from the city via slipspace.^[25]UNSCIn Amber Clad follows.^[6]Alpha-Nine squad members are scattered by the shockwave.^[14]Alpha-Five in possession of the Conduit attempt to flee the blast.^[50] The blast destroys much of the Superintendent's electronics.^[40]Edward Buck crash lands inLumumba and attempts to meetVeronica Dare atTayari Plaza. However, he ends up withKojo Agu.^[10]
• 1624 hours: Alpha-Five is designated KIA and the Conduit is lost.^[25]
• 1632 hours:Taylor Miles exits pod in the Uplift Reserve and links up with UNSC forces to secure landing zone. UNSC conductsF-99 Wombat flyovers of the Reserve.^[8]
• 1649 hours: The Orbital Elevator collapses. Covenant occupy roughly 38% of the city.^[25]
• 1732 hours: Marines begin retreating and grouping up at a rally point atONI Alpha Site.Michael Crespo links up with retreating UNSC forces onKizingo Boulevard.^[21]
• 1810 hours: Marines and remaining NMPD officers retreat into the inner walls of the ONI Alpha Site. Road bridge leading to it destroyed. Covenant begin dropping forces off byPhantom.^[17]
• 1852 hours: Alpha Site is destroyed. Covenant occupy 51% of the city.^[25] Michael Crespo and Taylor Miles were extracted toNMPD headquarters.^[17]
• 1914 hours: Michael Crespo and Taylor Miles are shot down over a Covenant occupied NMPD HQ. Kojo Agu and Edward Buck rescue and link up with them.^[23]
• 2101 hours: Michael Crespo, Taylor Miles, an injured Kojo Agu, and Edward Buck proceed intoKikowani and find transport out of the district.^[16]
• 2141 hours: Remaining Covenant cruisers begin to group up at Mombasa.^[25]
• 2206 hours: TheRookie wakes up in his pod. He begins to search for his squad mates by looking for clues. TheSuperintendent assists.^[7] The Rookie meets Dare at theNew Mombasa Data Center.^[40]
• 2215 hours: Covenant begin excavating the hole theSolemn Penance tore into Old Mombasa.^[25]
• 2227 hours: Covenant occupation is 78%.^[25]
• 2319 hours: Veronica Dare reports that she has spottedVergil.^[25]
• After 2319 hours: The Rookie, Dare and Buck escort Vergil along theNew Mombasa Waterfront Highway.^[4]
• 2324 hours: Covenant occupation is 94%.^[25]
• 2359 hours: Vergil is secured.^[25]

October 21, 2552^{[Note 1]}[edit]

• A much largerCovenant fleet from the Prophet of Truth began to arrive in-system above Mombasa in order to reinforces the excavation efforts.^[3][4] Buck, Dare, and the Rookie defend Vergil as they fight their way to the surface.^[4] At dawn, the team witnesses continual Covenant reinforcements arriving at Earth to aid in excavation efforts.^[4] They flee down the city's Waterfront Highway and reconnect with the rest of Alpha-Nine at the entrance to the Uplift Nature Reserve.^[4]
• The squad manages to hold out and eventually escapes New Mombasa as the city, along with its surroundings, are glassed by the combined excavation fleet.^[4]

Participants[edit]

Trivia[edit]

• The multiplayer levelsTurf,Terminal,District inHalo 2 andLongshore inHalo 3 take place during the Battle of Mombasa. TheHalo 2 levelTombstone apparently takes place late in the battle, (roughly concurrent withHalo 3: ODST) as the city is largely in ruins.
• Sadie's Story depicts Regret's assault carrier arriving in the city via slipspace. The carrier's descent to the atmosphere is never shown in any other source, but it may have made a short, pinpoint jump to get away from the UNSC forces.
• Judging by the timeline, New Mombasa was supposed to be over a thousand kilometers further south than Old Mombasa due to geographical latitude placement. This could be an oversight by Bungie due to geographical emplacement; by 1900 hours, near the equator line, the sun has already set, while on the level NMPD HQ, at 1936 hours the sun is still setting.^[23][66]

Gallery[edit]

• 

  Civilians taking up arms during the battle.

• 

  Marines fighting in Old Mombasa.

• 

  UNSC forces led by John-117 advancing on the beach.

• 

  SOEIV pods dropping into New Mombasa moments before Regret's retreat.

• 

  TheSolemn Penance moments before its jump into Slipspace.

• 

  The Mombasa Slipspace Event.

• 

  A Warthog convoy in Uplift Nature Reserve.

• 

  ODST Edward Buck comes across the aftermath of the skirmish between the Sangheili and Jiralhanae in the city.

• 

  Covenant infantry surrounding UNSC Marines in Sector 8 after the Slipspace event.

• 

  Marines and an NMPD officer in Alpha Site's security zone.

• 

  NMPD officers and ODSTs defending the interior of Alpha Site.

• 

  Dutch, Mickey, and a police officer at the crash site of their D77C-Pelican.

• 

  Alpha-Nine destroys a Scarab.

• 

  A Scarab fires at the Olifant operated by Dare and Huragok Quick to Adjust.

• 

  Edward Buck and the Rookie defending the entrance to Uplift Nature Reserve.

• 

  The destroyed city as seen from aUNSC complex.

List of appearances[edit]

• Halo: First Strike
  • Petra(Mentioned only)
• Halo 2(First appearance)
• Halo Graphic Novel
  • Second Sunrise Over New Mombasa
• Halo: Ghosts of Onyx
• Halo 3(Mentioned only)
• Halo 3: ODST
  • Sadie's Story
• Halo Legends
  • Origins(Possible appearance)
• Halo: Evolutions - Essential Tales of the Halo Universe
  • Palace Hotel
• Halo: Reach
• Halo 4(Possible appearance inPrologue)
• Halo 2: Anniversary
• Halo: New Blood
• Hunt the Truth(Mentioned only)
• Halo: Spartan Strike
• Halo Mythos
• Halo: Envoy(Mentioned only)
• Halo: Bad Blood(Mentioned only)
• Halo Infinite: Memory Agent(Mentioned only)

Notes[edit]

Sources[edit]

• Engagements in the Battle for Earth

• Pages using page number in novel citations
• Pages containing missing template parameter warnings