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TheDIU project is based on a pcb with anATtiny1606 a RTCMCP7940 a USB/UART bridgeFT232RL and a set of74HC595 shift register. It can be used to display time and date on 84LEDs that are mounted in 3 circles to the top pcb. The clock itself can be setup over UART and a terminal software (e.g. TeraTerm).
| Experience | Level |
|---|---|
| Soldering | |
| Mechanical | |
| Software |
| Type | File | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Schematic | pdf /cadlab | Schematic files |
| Board | pdf /cadlab | Board file |
| Drill | Drill file | |
| Gerber | zip /tar | Gerber/Drill files |
| Housing, PCB | zip /tar | Housing and PCB (STEP) files |
| Firmware | zip /tar | Firmware for ATtiny1606 |
There are two parts of the hardware. The pcb and the housing of theDIU. The pcb is created withKiCAD and the housing withFreeCAD. The software is programmed withMicrochip (Atmel) Studio. All files are built withgithub actions so that they are ready for a production environment. The housing is printed with a 3D-printer (Dremel 3D40).
The circuit board is populated on both sides (Top, Bottom). The best way for soldering theSMD components is within a vapor phase soldering system and for theTHT components with a standard soldering system. After placing and soldering the top parts, the board has to be cut off in the middle (white edge).
The housing has a tolerance of0.2mm on each side of the case. So the pcb should fit perfectly in the housing. The tolerance can be modified withFreeCAD in theParameter Spreadsheet. The corners of the circuit board need to be sanded a little.
TheDIU can be powerd with5V from USB or an external source through connectorJ1. OverUPDI (J3) theDIU can be programmed withavr-dude or anMicrochip (Atmel) ICE adapter. To setup theDIU it can be connected over USB to a computer and configured with a terminal (e.g.TeraTerm) software. The firmware for the clock can be downloaded from thedownload section.
| Register | Value |
|---|---|
WDTCFG | 0x00 |
BODCFG | 0x00 |
OSCCFG | 0x02 |
TCD0CFG | 0x00 |
SYSCFG0 | 0xF5 |
SYSCFG1 | 0x00 |
APPEND | 0x00 |
BOOTEND | 0x00 |
To setup
RESET(PA0) it is necessary to change theSYSCFG0-FUSE of theATtiny1606. WARNING: To reset thePA0pin toUPDImode a12Vimpulse is necessary to program the FUSES again.
The firmware of theDIU project can be downloaded and modified withMicrochip Studio. The software can be found in the./firmware directory and is splitted into different libraries. They can be found in the./firmware/lib` folder. Feel free to modify the firmware to your own needings.
To configure theDIU through UART (USB/UART bridge) a connection over USB to a computer and a terminal software (e.g.Teraterm is necessary. To start the setup the following settings need to be configured in the terminal. Then hit a key during init process in the terminal.
| Name | Value |
|---|---|
| PORT | COM? |
| BAUD | 9600 |
| DATABITS | 8 |
| PARITY | NONE |
| STOPBITS | 1 |
| FLOWCTRL | NONE |
# +--------------------------------------------------+# | ~------------------+ | +---------------------+# | ~ ATTINY 1606 | | | |# | ~ +-+-+ | | +-----------------+ |# | ~ VCC | 1 | +----------+ | | TeraTerm | |# | ~ PB0 | 2 | | U +---+---+ | | ~~~~~~~~ | |# | ~ PB1 | 3 | | S | USB |--+ | ~~~~~ | |# | ~ (TxD) PB2 | 4 +-----+ | B +---+---+ | | ~~~~~~~~~~~~ | |# | ~ (RxD) PB3 | 5 +--+ | | / | | | | |# | ~ GND | 6 | | | | U | | +-----------------+ |# | ~ +-+-+ | | | A | | |# | ~~~~~-----------------+ | | +-+-+ R | | Computer |# | | +--+TxD| T | | |# | DDD IIIIII UU UU +-----+RxD| +------+ +---------------------+# | D D II UU UU +-+-+ |5V/3V3|# | D D II UU UU +----+-----+# | DDD IIIIII UUUU |# +--------------------------------------------------+
To enter into the configuration mode it is necessary to press akey during startup.
The configuration starts and a menu to setup theDIU appears.
# +------------------------------------------------+# | System Configuration |# +------------------------------------------------+# | [1] Time and Date |# | [2] Alarm |# | [3] Alarm Tone |# | [4] LED Intensity |# | [5] Oscillator |# | [d] Discharge changes |# | [q] Exit configuration |# +------------------------------------------------+# Input:
TheDIU itself uses aRTC (MCP7940) with a power reserve (battery) to store the time. Thefirmware is connecte to theRTC overTWI. The twi configuration is stored intwi.h and the rtc configuration inmcp7940.h file.
# +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+# | VCC VCC |# | ^ ^ |# | | | |# | R +++ +++ R |# | 9 | | | | 1 |# | ~------------------+ 9 | | | | 0 J |# | ~ ATTINY 1606 | +++ +++ 0 +---------------------+ 1 ~~~~~~ |# | ~ +-+-+ | | +-+-+ +-+-+ 8 ~ 3 ~ |# | ~ VCC | X +---|---|-----+ 8 | VCC BAT | 3 +--(X)-+ V +------| GND |# | ~ (SCL) PB0 | 0 +---+---|-----+ 6 | SCL +-+-+ ~ 0 ~ |# | ~ (SDA) PB1 | 1 +-------+-----+ 5 | SDA M | ~~~~~~ C30 |# | ~ PB2 | 2 | +-+-+ C +-+-+ || |# | ~ PB3 | 3 | +-+ 5 | MFP P X! | 1 +----------+------||----| GND |# | ~ PB4 | 4 | / +-+-+ 7 +-+-+ --- || |# | ~ PB5 | 5 | / | 9 | +-----+ |# | ~ PB6 | 6 | / +-+-+ 4 | | Y1 | 32.768 kHz |# | ~ GND | X +-------/-----+ 4 | 0 | +-----+ |# | ~ +-+-+ / +-+-+ +-+-+ --- || |# | ~ | / | X2 | 2 +----------+------||----| GND |# | ~ +-+-+ / | +-+-+ || |# | ~ ~ ~ / +---------------------+ C31 |# | ~ ~ ~ / |# | ~ PA7 | 7 +-+ DDD IIIIII UU UU |# | ~ +-+-+ D D II UU UU |# | ~ | D D II UU UU |# | ~-----------------+ DDD IIIIII UUUU |# +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
To read and save parameters in thRTC overTWI the bus is configured with the following setup:
| Parameter | Value | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Speed | 400kHz | Bus clock speed |
Detail can be foundhere
voidmcp7940_init(RTC_Modebattery);voidmcp7940_battery(RTC_Modemode);voidmcp7940_oscillator(RTC_Modemode);unsignedcharmcp7940_oscillator_value(void);voidmcp7940_oscillator_copy(Copy_Modemode);RTC_Statusmcp7940_powerfail_status(void);RTC_Statusmcp7940_oscillator_status(void);constchar*mcp7940_weekday_string(unsignedcharday);unsignedcharmcp7940_hour(RTC_Datadata);unsignedcharmcp7940_minute(RTC_Datadata);unsignedcharmcp7940_second(void);unsignedcharmcp7940_weekday(RTC_Datadata);unsignedcharmcp7940_day(RTC_Datadata);unsignedcharmcp7940_month(RTC_Datadata);unsignedcharmcp7940_year(void);unsignedcharmcp7940_leapyear(void);RTC_Statusmcp7940_setweekday(unsignedcharweekday);RTC_Statusmcp7940_settime(unsignedcharhour,unsignedcharminute,unsignedcharsecond);RTC_Statusmcp7940_setdate(unsignedcharday,unsignedcharmonth,unsignedcharyear);RTC_Statusmcp7940_setoscillator(unsignedchartrim);
Thefirmware itself is driving the LEDs overSPI through eleven74HC595 shift registers. The spi configuration is stored in theclock.h andspi.h files.
# +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+# | +----------------------------... ~ ...------------------------+ |# | ~------------------+ / START(1) ~ END(11) | |# | ~ ATTINY 1606 | / +---------------+ ~ +---------------+ | |# | ~ +-+-+ / +-+-+ 74HC595 +-+-+ ~ +-+-+ 74HC595 +-+-+ | |# | ~ VCC | X +----/--------+ 16| VCC |16 |-.. ~ ....---+ 16| VCC |16 | | |# | ~ PA0 | 0 | / +---+ +-+-+ ~ +---+ +-+-+ | |# | ~ (MOSI) PA1 | 1 +--/----------+ 14| SER QH | 9 |--... ~ ...--+ 14| SER QH | 9 +--+ |# | ~ (MISO) PA2 | 2 +-+ +---+ +-+-+ ~ +---+ +-+-+ |# | ~ (SCK) PA3 | 3 +-------------+ 11| SRCLK |11 |----... ~ ..-+ 11| SRCLK |11 | |# | ~ (SS) PA4 | 4 +-------------+ 12| RCLK |12 |----... ~ ..-+ 12| RCLK |12 | |# | ~ (CLEAR) PA5 | 5 +-------------+ 10| SRCLR |10 |---... ~ ...-+ 10| SRCLR |10 | |# | ~ (OUTPUT) PA6 | 6 +-------------+ 13| OE |13 |--... ~ ...--+ 13| OE |13 | |# | ~ GND | X +-------------+ 8 | GND | 8 |-... ~ ...---+ 8 | GND | 8 | |# | ~ +-+-+ +-+-+ +-+-+ ~ +-+-+ +-+-+ |# | ~~~~~-----------------+ +--+~~~~~~~~~+--+ ~ +--+~~~~~~~~~+--+ |# | | | ~ | | |# | DDD IIIIII UU UU --- LED --- ~ --- LED --- |# | D D II UU UU \ / \ / ~ \ / \ / |# | D D II UU UU | | ~ | | |# | DDD IIIIII UUUU | | ~ | | |# +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
To control the LEDs through the shift registers overSPI the bus is configured with the following setup:
| Parameter | Value | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Clock | F_CPU/4 | Bus clock speed is system speed divied by 4 |
| Direction | MSB | MSB needs to be transmitted first |
| Polarity | Rising | Polarity of clock is rising_/ |
| Phase | Rising | Data is valid when clock is rising_/ |
Detail can be foundhere
# SPI display transmission# _ SS _# \__________________________________________________~~~______________________________________________/# SCK# __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __# ___/1 \__/2 \__/3 \__/4 \__/5 \__/6 \__/7 \__/8 \__~~~/81\__/82\__/83\__/84\__/85\__/86\__/87\__/88\___# MOSI# __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __# __/H \__/O \__/U \__/R \__/ \__/ \__/ \__/ \__~~~/M \__/I \__/N \__/ \__/L3\__/L2\__/L1\__/L0\____# \__/ \__/ \__/ \__/ \__/ \__/ \__/ \__/ \__/ \__/ \__/ \__/ \__/ \__/ \__/ \__/# [7 : 0] [7 : 0]## L[3:0] ... LEDs on the backside of the pcb for signaling
voidclock_init(void);voidclock_output(CLOCK_Statusstatus);voidclock_clear(void);unsignedintclock_intensity(void);CLOCK_Errorclock_setintensity(unsignedintintensity);voidclock_copy_intensity(Copy_Modemode);CLOCK_Errorclock_settime(unsignedcharhour,unsignedcharminute,unsignedcharsecond,CLOCK_Status_LEDstatus);CLOCK_Errorclock_setdate(unsignedcharday,unsignedcharmonth,CLOCK_Status_LEDstatus);voidclock_setdata(unsigned longdata24,unsigned long longdata60,CLOCK_Status_LEDstatus);voidclock_saveintensity(void);
| Type | Link | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ATtiny1606 | ATtiny microcontroller | |
| MPC7940 | Battery-Backed I2C Real-Time Clock/Calendar with SRAM | |
| FT232RL | USB Full Speed to Serial UART IC, Includes Oscillator and EEPROM | |
| 74HC595 | 8-Bit Shift Registers With 3-State Output Registers | |
| Atmel ICE | Atmel ICE datasheet | |
| UPDI | web | UPDI-Adapter with AVR-Dude |
| Microchip Studio | web | Download page for Microchip Studio |
| KiCAD | web | KiCAD project page |
| FreeCAD | web | FreeCAD project page |
| TeraTerm | web | Terminal software for UART |
R. GAECHTER
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Digital (Analog) Clock