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numpy.gcd() in Python

Last Updated :12 Jun, 2025

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numpy.gcd() function computes the greatest common divisor (GCD) of two integers element-wise. The GCD of two numbers is the largest positive integer that divides both numbers without leaving a remainder.

importnumpyasnpres=np.gcd(36,60)print(res)

The GCD of 36 and 60 is 12, which is the largest number that divides both without leaving a remainder.

Syntax

numpy.gcd(x1, x2, /, out=None, *, where=True, casting='same_kind', order='K', dtype=None, subok=True[, signature, extobj])

Parameters:

Parameter	Type	Description
x1	array_like	First input array or integer
x2	array_like	Second input array or integer
out	ndarray, optional	Optional output array to store result
where	bool or array_like, optional	Condition array specifying where to compute
casting	{'no', 'equiv', 'safe', 'same_kind', 'unsafe'}, optional	Controls data casting (default: 'same_kind')
order	{'C', 'F', 'A', 'K'}, optional	Memory layout order of result (default: 'K')
dtype	data-type, optional	Overrides calculation data type
subok	bool, optional	Preserve subclasses if True
signature	callable, optional	Internal use for generalized ufuncs
extobj	object, optional	Internal error handling

Returns: This function returns the element-wise greatest common divisor of x1 and x2.

Examples

Example 1: GCD Element-wise on arrays

importnumpyasnpa=np.array([24,36,48])b=np.array([18,60,72])res=np.gcd(a,b)print(res)

[ 6 12 24]

This function computes the GCD for each corresponding pair of elements in a and b.

GCD(24, 18) is 6
GCD(36, 60) is 12
GCD(48, 72) is 24

Example 2:GCD of an array and a scalar

importnumpyasnpa=np.array([20,30,40])res=np.gcd(a,10)print(res)

[10 10 10]

The scalar 10 is broadcast across all elements in the array a. The GCD of 10 with each number in a is computed.

Example 3: GCD with negative numbers

importnumpyasnpa=np.array([-20,-30,-40])b=np.array([15,25,35])res=np.gcd(a,b)print(res)

[5 5 5]

This function works with negative integers too and it returns the positive GCD value, as the GCD is always positive by definition.

GCD(-20, 15) is 5
GCD(-30, 25) is 5
GCD(-40, 35) is 5

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