Understanding input and output operations is fundamental to Python programming. With the print() function, we can display output in various formats, while the input() function enables interaction with users by gathering input during program execution.
Taking input in Python
Python'sinput() function is used to take user input. By default, it returns the user input in form of a string.
Example:
Pythonname=input("Enter your name: ")print("Hello,",name,"! Welcome!")Output
Enter your name: GeeksforGeeks
Hello, GeeksforGeeks ! Welcome!
The code prompts the user to input their name, stores it in the variable "name" and then prints a greeting message addressing the user by their entered name.
To learn more about taking input, please refer:Taking Input in Python
Printing Output using print() in Python
At its core, printing output in Python is straightforward, thanks to the print() function. This function allows us to display text, variables and expressions on the console. Let's begin with the basic usage of the print() function:
In this example, "Hello, World!" is a string literal enclosed within double quotes. When executed, this statement will output the text to the console.
PythonPrinting Variables
We can use the print() function to print single and multiple variables. We can print multiple variables by separating them with commas.Example:
Python# Single variables="Bob"print(s)# Multiple Variabless="Alice"age=25city="New York"print(s,age,city)
OutputBobAlice 25 New York
Take Multiple Input in Python
We are taking multiple input from the user in a single line, splitting the values entered by the user into separate variables for each value using thesplit() method. Then, it prints the values with corresponding labels, either two or three, based on the number of inputs provided by the user.
Python# taking two inputs at a timex,y=input("Enter two values: ").split()print("Number of boys: ",x)print("Number of girls: ",y)# taking three inputs at a timex,y,z=input("Enter three values: ").split()print("Total number of students: ",x)print("Number of boys is : ",y)print("Number of girls is : ",z)Output
Enter two values: 5 10
Number of boys: 5
Number of girls: 10
Enter three values: 5 10 15
Total number of students: 5
Number of boys is : 10
Number of girls is : 15
How to Change the Type of Input in Python
By default input() function helps in taking user input as string. If any user wants to take input as int or float, we just need totypecast it.
Print Names in Python
The code prompts the user to input a string (the color of a rose), assigns it to the variable color and then prints the inputted color.
Python# Taking input as stringcolor=input("What color is rose?: ")print(color)Output
What color is rose?: Red
Red
Print Numbers in Python
The code prompts the user to input an integer representing the number of roses, converts the input to an integer using typecasting and then prints the integer value.
Python# Taking input as int# Typecasting to intn=int(input("How many roses?: "))print(n)Output
How many roses?: 88
Print Float/Decimal Number in Python
The code prompts the user to input the price of each rose as a floating-point number, converts the input to a float using typecasting and then prints the price.
Python# Taking input as float# Typecasting to floatprice=float(input("Price of each rose?: "))print(price)Output
Price of each rose?: 50.3050.3
Find DataType of Input in Python
In the given example, we are printing the type of variable x. We will determine the type of an object in Python.
Pythona="Hello World"b=10c=11.22d=("Geeks","for","Geeks")e=["Geeks","for","Geeks"]f={"Geeks":1,"for":2,"Geeks":3}print(type(a))print(type(b))print(type(c))print(type(d))print(type(e))print(type(f))Output<class 'str'><class 'int'><class 'float'><class 'tuple'><class 'list'><class 'dict'>
Output Formatting
Output formatting in Python with various techniques including the format() method, manipulation of thesep and end parameters, f-strings and the versatile % operator. These methods enable precise control over how data is displayed, enhancing the readability and effectiveness of your Python programs.
Example 1: Using Format()
Pythonamount=150.75print("Amount: ${:.2f}".format(amount))Example 2: Using sep and end parameter
Python# end Parameter with '@'print("Python",end='@')print("GeeksforGeeks")# Seprating with Commaprint('G','F','G',sep='')# for formatting a dateprint('09','12','2016',sep='-')# another exampleprint('pratik','geeksforgeeks',sep='@')OutputPython@GeeksforGeeksGFG09-12-2016pratik@geeksforgeeks
Example 3: Using f-string
Pythonname='Tushar'age=23print(f"Hello, My name is{name} and I'm{age} years old.")OutputHello, My name is Tushar and I'm 23 years old.
Example 4: Using % Operator
We can use'%' operator. % values are replaced with zero or more value of elements. The formatting using % is similar to that of ‘printf’ in the C programming language.
- %d –integer
- %f – float
- %s – string
- %x –hexadecimal
- %o – octal
Python# Taking input from the usernum=int(input("Enter a value: "))add=num+5# Outputprint("The sum is%d"%add)Output
Enter a value: 50The sum is 55
Taking Conditional User Input in Python
In Python, taking conditional user input means getting input from the user and making decisions based on that input. You usually use the input() function to get the value and then use if-else statements to check conditions.
- input() is used to take user input as a string.
- You can use int() or float() to convert it if needed.
- Use if, elif, and else to apply conditions to the input.
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