Model:38GGeneral:Name:Graphics CalculatorCode-Name:ElsieFamily:StudentLogic:expressionFeatures:scientific, programmable, datearithmetic, hyperbolics, complexmatrix, vector, lists, solver(algebraic), symbolic math, symbolicintegration, differentiation,plotting, graphicsFirsts:hard cover, split screen, ApLets,implied multiplication, numeric table viewof equations, hang tag box, cardboardpackagingIntroduction:Date:1995-04-06Price:$118Discontinuation:Date:<2003-01-01Price:?Production-Run:?Display:Type:LCD, bit-mappedSize:8 lines x 22 chars, 64 x 131 pixelsNumber-Formats:sign, 12 mantissa, ., exp sign, 2 expsee data typesAnnunciators:<\shift active\Gaalpha keyboard active((.))alarm has gone off or low batteryhourglass busy/\ -->transmitting data\/Data:User-Visible:Smallest:1E-499Largest:9.99999999999E499Signif.-Digits: 12Internal:Smallest:1E-49999Largest:9.99999999999999E49999Signif.-Digits: 15Data-Types-and-Sizes:subset of the HP48G seriesMemory:Named-Registers:A..Z, \GTrealC0..C9statistics dataE0..E9equationsF0..E9functionsG0..G9GROBsL0..L9listM0..M9matrixR0..R9polarS1fit..S5fitstatisticsU1..U5sequencesX0..X9parametricsY0..Y9go with X...Z0..Z9complexFlags:-17 to -18trig mode 0)degrees1)radians 2)grads-45 to -48set number of digits-49 to -50display format 0)STD 1)SCI2)FIX 3)ENG-51fraction mark commaRegister-Usage:see belowNumbered-Registers:noneProgram-Steps:memoryProgram-Editing:insert or replaceProgram-Display:alphaUser-RAM-Bytes:32K (~22K available)Total-RAM-Bytes:32KROM-Bytes:512KMachine-State:stackuser memorynamed programsFile-Types:nonePhysical:Technology-Used:CMOSProcessor:Yorke (00048-80063, 4 MHz)Chip-Count:5 (Yorke CPU, 2x KS0104 (display columndriver), 512K ROM (labelled"ELSIE OTP Rev 1.67", version may change),32K RAM)Power-Source:3 AAA cellsContinuous-Memory:yesExpansion-Ports:0I/O-Ports:4-wire serial, I/R I/O, beeper,overhead display out (on rest of 10 pinsin the serial connector)Clock:yesLength:?Width:?Height:?Weight:?Temperature-Range:Operating:0 to 45 deg CCharging:noneStorage:-20 to 65 deg CKeyboard:Switches:noneShift-Keys:shift, turquoise, abovealpha, coral, lower rightUser-Defined-Keys:6 menu keysKey-Arrangement::** ** ** ** ** **** ** **    **** ** ** ** ** **** ** ** ** ** ******* ** ** ** *** *** *** *** **** *** *** *** **** *** *** *** **** *** *** *** ***Key-Labels-Base-Keyboard::[][][][][][]PLOTSYMBNUM^LIBVARMATH<|v|>HOMESINCOSTANX,T,\GT\v/x yENTER()-xxA..Z789/[]456*DEL123-ON0.,+(The ON key has a coral lower label of CANCEL.)Key-Labels-Shift-Turquoise-Above::[][][][][][]|-----SETUP-----|[][][][]VIEWSNOTESKETCH[][][] -1MODESASINACOSATANxn\v/x 2ANSWERCHARSEEXABSxa..zLIST()LOG  x[]MATRIX[]10CLEARNOTEPADSPACE\piLN xOFFPROGRAM:;eKey-Labels-Alpha-Coral-Lower-Right::[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]ABCDEF[]GHIJ[]KLMN[]OPQR[]STUV[]WXYZProgrammable-Operations::basic operations not listedUndocumented or imperfectly-documented operations:@...@enclose comments helpwith ...provides minimal help on a commandrulesnames of the design team memberssyseval ###(decimal)535863return amount of free memory535393send a Kermit "Finish"versionshows ROM versionlibeval 171;0shows ROM versionNon-Programmable-Operations::Replace the contents of G0 with the current screen graphic (i.e., do ascreen dump) by:press ONpress PLOTrelease ONrelease PLOTMenus::not listedBugs/ROM-Versions::Initial versions areLibeval 171;0Version HP38-A1.67Copyright HP, 1993,95VersionVersion HP39-ACopyright HP,1993,95Notes::[ Someone want to volunteer to fill in the above not listed items? ]"Elsie" refers to a cow used in the advertising of a major food chain(presumably Borden).Announced Apr 6-8 1995 at the National Council of Teachers ofMathematics (NCTM) 75th annual conference in Boston MA.  A specialedition was produced for this conference."ApLet" expands to "Animated Personal LEarning Tool".Rumor: the product number (38) was chosen to be a combintion of 32 and48.  If so, this will be a "doubly referential" product number reference(see the Notes section on the 48SX).Serial communications is a little tangled.- Selecting "HP 38G" selects I/R.  It uses an (as yet) undocumentedprotocol for transferring data between two 38Gs.  Xmodem is used asthe basic protocol.- Selecting "Disk drive..." selects wire.  It expects a Kermit serverset up as:set baud 9600set parity noneset file collision offserver- The "Send now" does the send/receive.  The "Pick location..." lets youmove around in the server's directory tree.You can print a graphic image (screen dump) with the HP82240B InfraredPrinter.  You do this by first storing the image in a graphicvariable, then doing a PRVAR.  See Non-Programmable Operations above.If one were to take a 38G apart, one could replace the 32KByte RAMchip with a 128KByte one and it might well work (hint, hint).  Onemight also kludge up a card connector...(Later, courtesy of Detlef Mueller, detlef@provi.de) I'm just intothat, both (changes are) impossible w/o further modifications and anew ROM: the build-in 32k memory is mapped to address F0000-FFFFF, abigger chip would just do nothing and cause trouble if the RAM ismapped away temporarily to access the underlaying ROM. Forget aboutthe card connector, before doing that, I'd suggest to buy a '48GX...Steve Dunham (dunham@cl-next4.cl.msu.edu) posted the following toComp.sys.hp48 on 7 Sep 1995:Gavin Scott (gscott@netcom.com) wrote:: It's Algebraic rather than RPN based. This isn't as bad as it sounds.: You enter an expression the way you would type it in a programming: language (all on one line, with parenthesis, etc.) and when you press: ENTER the line is evaluated (and added to the 'stack' in the display: left-justified), and the result displayed on the 'stack' (right-: justified). : There is no compatibility with the 48 series by the way.: There is bidirectional IR (2 inch range limit), and what looks like: a 100/200LX style serial connector (but the manual does not tell you: what it is anywhere that I can find). When you send or receive something: your only options are to communicate via IR with another 38G (this: implies no way to communicate with a 48), or to a 'Disk Drive' which: I would guess means the serial port (I haven't tried plugging in : anything to see if it might be any kind of standard protocol).You can transfer some things via IR between the HP38 and HP48.The protocol used over the IR port on the HP38 is Xmodem.  You cantransfer single objects between the calculators, you can't currenttransfer Aplets because they are sent in multiple pieces using aslightly modified Xmodem protocol.  The 38 uses a different header, sothe objects end up as strings on the 48.  I have a modified version ofthe HP48 XSEND routine that will transfer these strings back to the38. (It works like XSEND, so you have to put an indentifier on thestack and run my program.)  I'll attach it to the end of this message,because it is fairly small. The normal XRECV will work for receivingsingle part objects.  If you try to receive a multipart Aplet, youwill only get the first part, which contains a list with the Apletname and names of all of the other pieces of the Aplet.I do intend to write a program that will transfer entire Aplets via IRbetween the 48 and 38, but it may take a while, because I have aserial cable for the 38 already.Serial communications on the 38 are handled via Kermit.  The 38 willfirst create/read a file called HP38DIR.000 from the PC, whichcontains a table translating object names to MS-DOS filenames.  Apletsare stored in multiple pieces on the PC.  You could also transfer viaserial between the 488 and 38 if you make a cable.HP has given MSU a few of the serial cables (really widgets to converta 48 serial cable to a 38 serial cable), making one is rather simplebecause (looking at the end of the calculator) the four pins on theleft side of the bottom row on the 38 connector have the exact samepinout at the four pins on the 48.  I've made my own cable from thisinfo.   . . . . .   . . . . .   \_____/      |      \- These four pinsTransfers done to the PC are done in Ascii mode whenever possible,transfers done via IR are always in Binary mode.This brings us to the format of the HP38 header.All Objects start with the string `HP38' followed  by either `Bin' or`Asc' followed by a single character denoting the type of object beingtransfered. `A' is used for the HP38DIR.000 file, always ASCII mode `B' is used foor binary Aplet data, which is always transfered in     binary mode 'C' is used for notes sent as a character string `D' is for User programs on the 38, transfered as a character string     object (Bin mode on IR - ASCII on serial) `E' is used for list and matrix objects `I' Is used for the 'index' that is sent as the first object in      a multipart IR transfer.If you transfer via IR, you will find out that the prolog addressesfor these objects (list, array, real, complex, cstring) are the sameas on the 48.Following this character, in binary mode, is the body part of anidentifier object i.e. 2 nibbles specifing length and a bunch ofcharacters.  This contains the name of the object.  After that is theobject proper. (prolog and all)In ASCII mode a space, an (ASCII) integer specifying length, spacethen the name follow the header.Within the next couple of days I will be posting my first impressionsof the 38G from the prospective of a 48 user (not the targetaudience of the 38).Have fun making your serial cables,Stevedunham@gdl.msu.edu------------------------------------------------------------From: "Joseph K. Horn" <JoeHorn@HolyJoe.Net>Newsgroups: comp.sys.hp48Subject: 6.0030000004 and 38 and 48Organization: Holy Smoke Incense CompanyMessage-ID: <P3c0a.44287$NV.975291@news.direcpc.com>Date: Wed, 5 Feb 2003 09:42:32 -0800The slide-on cover of the HP38G (high-school version of the HP48) has themysterious number 6.0030000004 molded into the plastic.  Its mathematicalmeaning has eluded the best and brightest, but not me!  It was derived fromthe number 48 and 38.  I have discovered a simple proof which unfortunatelythis newsgroup is large enough to contain:(190423*ASINH( 48 ) - 148144*ASINH( 38 ))/37911 = 6.0030000004Golly.-Joe-