Index Fungorum number:IF 3265;MycoBank number:MB 3265; Facesoffungi number: FoF 00048; 33 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2020), 12 species with molecular data.

Saprobic on dead wood and leaves in terrestrial habitats. Sexual state: Ascomata small to medium size, immersed to erumpent, gregarious or grouped, globose to subglobose, black.Hamathecium of dense, narrowly cellular, septate pseudoparaphyses. Asci bitunicate, fissitunicate, usually cylindric-clavate to clavate with a long pedicel.Ascospores oblong to narrowly oblong, straight or somewhat curved, reddish-brown to dark yellowish-brown, muriform or phragmosporous.Asexual state: unknown.

Type species –Montagnula infernalis(Niessl) Berl., Icon. fung. (Abellini) 2(2–3): 68 (1896).

≡Leptosphaeria infernalisNiessl, Inst. Rev. Cient. Litt., Coimbra 31: 13 (1883).

Notes–Montagnulawas introduced by Berlese (1896) to accommodateM.infernalisandM.gigantean. Based on the morphology and phylogeny, Ariyawansa (2014d) placedMontagnulainDidymosphaeriaceae.Montagnulaspecies are characterized by globose or sphaerical, immersed ascomata with a clypeus, claviform asci, fusoid or ellipsoid ascospores with transverse septa and one or more longitudinal septa (Barr 1990a, Ariyawansa et al. 2014d). Wanasinghe et al. (2016b) transferred twoMunkovalsariaspecies (M.appendiculataandM.donacina) based on phylogenetic analyses.Montagnulaspecies play a vital role as saprobes growing on dead plants, especially dead wood and bark, sometimes on dead leaves (Ariyawansa et al. 2014d). A well-resolved revision ofMontagnulais difficult since it lacks molecular data. Therefore, representative species of theseMontagnulaspecies need to be recollected and molecular data obtained for clarifying its phylogenetic affinity.

Species