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Origin and history of Eisteddfod

Eisteddfod(n.)

"annual assembly of Welsh bards," 1822, from Welsheisteddfod "congress of bards or literati," literally "a session, a sitting," fromeistedd "to sit" (fromsedd "seat," from PIE root*sed- (1) "to sit") +bod "to be" (from PIE root*bheue- "to be, exist, grow"). The Welsh plural iseisteddfodau.

Entries linking to Eisteddfod

*bheuə-, also*bheu-, Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to be, exist, grow."

It might form all or part of:Bauhaus;be;beam;Boer;bondage;boodle;boom (n.1) "long pole;"boor;booth;bound (adj.2) "ready to go;"bower;bowery;build;bumpkin;busk;bustle (v.) "be active;"byre;bylaw;Eisteddfod;Euphues;fiat;forebear;future;husband;imp;Monophysite;neighbor;neophyte;phyletic;phylo-;phylum;phylogeny;physic;physico-;physics;physio-;physique;-phyte;phyto-;symphysis.

It might form all or part of: Sanskritbhavah "becoming,"bhavati "becomes, happens,"bhumih "earth, world;" Greekphyein "to bring forth, make grow,"phytos,phyton "a plant,"physis "growth, nature,"phylon "tribe, class, race,"phyle "tribe, clan;" Old Englishbeon "be, exist, come to be, become, happen;" Old Church Slavonicbyti "be," Greekphu- "become," Old Irishbi'u "I am," Lithuanianbūti "to be," Russianbyt' "to be."

Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to sit."

It might form all or part of:assess;assiduous;assiento;assize;banshee;beset;cathedra;cathedral;chair;cosset;dissident;dodecahedron;Eisteddfod;ephedra;ephedrine;ersatz;icosahedron;inset;insidious;nest;niche;nick (n.) "notch, groove, slit;"nidicolous;nidification;nidus;obsess;octahedron;piezo-;piezoelectric;polyhedron;possess;preside;reside;saddle;sanhedrim;seance;seat;sedan;sedate; (adj.) "calm, quiet;"sedative;sedentary;sederunt;sediment;see (n.) "throne of a bishop, archbishop, or pope;"sessile;session;set (v.);sett;settle (n.);settle (v.);siege;sit;sitz-bath;sitzkrieg;size;soil (n.1) "earth, dirt;"Somerset;soot;subside;subsidy;supersede;surcease;tanist;tetrahedron;Upanishad.

It might also be the source of: Sanskrita-sadat "sat down,"sidati "sits,"nidah "resting place, nest;" Old Persianhadis "abode;" Greekezesthai "to sit,"hedra "seat, chair, face of a geometric solid;" Latinsedere "to sit; occupy an official seat, preside; sit still, remain; be fixed or settled,"nidus "nest;" Old Irishsuide "seat, sitting,"net "nest;" Welshsedd "seat,"eistedd "sitting,"nyth "nest;" Old Church Slavonicsežda,sedeti "to sit,"sedlo "saddle,"gnezdo "nest;" Lithuaniansėdėti "to sit;" Russiansad "garden," Lithuaniansodinti "to plant;" Gothicsitan, Old Englishsittan "to sit."

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Trends of Eisteddfod

adapted from books.google.com/ngrams/ with a 7-year moving average; ngrams are probably unreliable.

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1580s, "a festal day, appointed day of festive celebration," short for festival day (late 14c.), from Old French festival (adj.) "suitable for a feast; solemn, magnificent, joyful, happy," and directly from Medieval Latin festivalis "of a church holiday," from festum "festival, h

late 14c., representen, "show, display, express; bring to mind by description," also "to symbolize, serve as a sign or symbol of (something else, something abstract); serve as the type or embodiment of;" also be a representative of" (the authority of another). This is from Old Fr

1590s (earlier stigme, c. 1400), "mark made on skin by burning with a hot iron," from Latin stigma (plural stigmata), from Greek stigma (genitive stigmatos) "mark of a pointed instrument, puncture, tattoo-mark, brand," which is related to stizein "to mark, tattoo" (from PIE root

also top notch, "best quality, most stylish," 1840, something of a vogue phrase about 1841, from top (adj.) + notch (n.). Figurative of the "highest point" of something, but the exact mechanical image is uncertain and never seems to be mentioned. At the time it was the name of a

1540s, "time of merrymaking before Lent," from French carnaval, from Italian carnevale "Shrove Tuesday," from older Italian forms such as Milanese *carnelevale, Old Pisan carnelevare "to remove meat," literally "raising flesh," from Latin caro "flesh" (originally "a piece of fles

"impious or profane speaking of God or sacred things," early 13c., from Old French blasfemie "blasphemy," from Late Latin blasphemia, from Greek blasphēmia "a speaking ill, impious speech, slander," from blasphēmein "to speak evil of." The second element of that is phēmē "utteran

"time limit," 1920, American English newspaper jargon, from dead (adj.) + line (n.). Perhaps influenced by earlier use (1864) to mean the "do-not-cross" line in Civil War prisons, which figured in the trial of Henry Wirz, commander of the notorious Confederate prison at Andersonv

1660s, "that which causes weariness," from French fatigue "weariness," from fatiguer "to tire" (15c.), from Latin fatigare "to weary, to tire out," originally "to cause to break down," from pre-Latin adjective *fati-agos "driving to the point of breakdown," with first half from O

late 14c., resolven, "melt, dissolve, reduce to liquid; separate into component parts; alter, alter in form or nature by application of physical process," " intransitive sense from c. 1400; from Old French resolver or directly from Latin resolvere "to loosen, loose, unyoke, undo;

late 13c., wenche "girl, young woman," especially if unmarried, also "female infant," shortened from wenchel "child," also in Middle English "girl, maiden," from Old English wencel, probably related to wancol "unsteady, fickle, weak," from Proto-Germanic *wankila- (source also of

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