Population and Housing Unit Estimates

Population and Housing Unit Estimates

The Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program (PEP) produces estimates of the population for the United States, states, metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas, counties, cities, towns, as well as for Puerto Rico and its municipios.

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Featured

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  Population and Housing Unit Estimates Tables
  Stats displayed in columns and rows. Available in XLSX or CSV format.

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  Schedule
  The annual population and housing unit estimates are released on a flow basis throughout the year.

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  Demographic Analysis
  Demographic analysis is a technique used to develop an understanding of the age, sex, and racial composition of a population and how it has changed over time.

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  Modified Race Data
  The race categories from each Census are reconciled with those race categories that appear in the data from administrative records.

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  Press Release
  2010-2020 Intercensal Estimates by Demographics
  September 30, 2025
  The U.S. Census Bureau today released the 2010-2020 Intercensal Estimates by demographic characteristics.

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  Press Release
  Older Adults Outnumber Children in 11 States, Nearly Half of Counties
  June 26, 2025
  The U.S. population age 65 and older rose by 3.1% (to 61.2 million) while the population under age 18 decreased by 0.2% (to 73.1 million) from 2023 to 2024.

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  Press Release
  Census Bureau to Embargo New Population Estimates by Demographics
  June 10, 2025
  The U.S. Census Bureau will offer a 2-day embargo period for members of the media to view Vintage 2024 Population Estimates.

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  Intercensal Estimates
  Intercensal estimates are produced once every 10 years after the decennial census to revise the prior decade’s estimates to align with the most current census.

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  Table
  National Population Totals: 2020-2024
  This page features national population estimates totals and components of change for years 2020-2024.

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  Vintage 2020 Population Estimates
  Vintage 2020 estimates are based on the 2010 Census and created without knowledge of the 2020 Census results.

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Blog Posts

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  Random Samplings Blog
  Understanding the 2024 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates
  September 11, 2025
  This blog discusses elements that may contribute to differences observed in some 2024 ACS 1-year estimates compared to prior years.

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  Director's Blog
  Wrapping Up an Outstanding Year at the U.S. Census Bureau
  December 31, 2024
  It’s exciting to think about all the ways we provided quality data on our nation’s people, places, and economy in 2024.

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  Random Samplings Blog
  Improved Method Better Estimates Net International Migration Increase
  December 19, 2024
  Combining administrative data with survey data made net international migration estimates more responsive to short-term fluctuations in immigration.

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• Population

  Population of Older Adults Now Comparable to Population of Children

  June 26, 2025

  From 2004 to 2024, the age 65-and-over population increased in size while the child population decreased.
• Population

  Older Adults Outnumber Children

  June 26, 2025

  Older adults outnumber children in nearly half of U.S. counties in 2024.
• Population Estimates

  Percent Change in Population by Region and Size: July 2023 to July 2024

  May 15, 2025

  This graphic shows the population percent change by region and size according to the U.S. Census Bureau’s Vintage 2024 Population Estimates.
• Housing Estimates

  Percent Change in Housing Units by County: July 1, 2023, to July 1, 2024

  May 15, 2025

  This graphic shows the percent change in housing units by county according to the U.S. Census Bureau’s Vintage 2024 Housing Unit Estimates.

• NAICS Sector 31-33 Manufacturing

  Some Less Populous States Have High Manufacturing Revenue Per Capita

  September 29, 2025

  Today is the start of a week of celebrations at the Census Bureau marking the 14th annual Manufacturing Day on October 3.
• Population

  The Fourth of July: The Nation’s Population Then and Now

  July 02, 2025

  The U.S. population is nearly 123 times larger than it was in 1780, the nearest estimate to when the Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776.
• Population

  States With High Median Ages May Not be as Uniformly Old as You Think

  June 26, 2025

  A state’s median age does not tell the whole story. Florida has the fifth highest median age yet also has counties younger than the national median.
• Population

  An Aging Nation: U.S. Median Age Surpassed 39 in 2024

  June 26, 2025

  Median age rose in 85% of the nation’s 387 metro areas from 2020 to 2024 and was higher than the national median of 39.1 in almost half of metro areas.