Portraits of Antonine imperial persons, of which a bronze equestrian figure of Marcus Aurelius on the Capitol and a great marble bust of Commodus as Hercules in the Palazzo dei Conservatori are perhaps the most arresting examples, display a treatment of hair and…

…some evidence that from the Severan period onward (after 193) Jews visited the city more frequently, especially at certain festival times, and even that there may have been some Jews in residence. About the time the Bar Kokhba revolt was crushed (135), Hadrian proceeded to convert Jerusalem into a Greco-Roman…

Under the Severan dynasty (193–235ce) Sidon, Tyre, and probably Heliopolis (Baalbek) also received colonial status. Under this dynasty the province of Syria was partitioned into two parts: Syria Coele (“Hollow Syria”), comprising a large region loosely defined as north and east Syria, and Syria Phoenice in…