…she released her first album,Horses, in 1975; it was produced by John Cale, the Welsh avant-gardist and cofounder (with Lou Reed) of the Velvet Underground. Her purest, truest album, it replicated her live shows better than any subsequent LP. Later albums of the 1970s moved in a more commercial…

…by influential proto-punk musicians, includingHorses (1975) by Patti Smith and self-titled debut albums by the Stooges (1969) and the Modern Lovers (1976).