…four months later issued theFebruary Patent (1861), officially a revision of the Diploma. This document provided for a bicameral system: an empirewide house of representatives composed of delegates from the diets and a house of lords consisting partly of hereditary members and partly of men of special distinction appointed…

20, 1865) the “February Patent” of 1861 (intended to constitute Austria as a centralized, German-speaking state) as a concession to the Slavic groups, especially the Czechs. He also established Czech as a language of instruction in the Bohemian schools, where only German had been permitted. These measures angered…