parapsychology,Discipline concerned with investigating events that cannot be accounted for bynatural law and knowledge that cannot have been obtained through the usual sensory abilities. Parapsychology studies thecognitive phenomena often calledextrasensory perception, in which a person acquires knowledge of other people’s thoughts or of future events through channels apparently beyond the five senses. It also examines physical phenomena such as the levitation of objects and the bending of metal through psychokinesis. Though belief in such phenomena may be traced to earliest times, parapsychology as a subject of serious research originated in the late 19th century, partly in reaction to the growth of the spiritualist movement. The Society of Psychical Research was established inLondon in 1882, and similar societies were later founded in the U.S. and in many European countries. In the 20th century research into parapsychology was also conducted at some universities, notably atDuke University under J. B. Rhine.