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Cognitive simulation is a research field that involves creating computational models to replicate human cognitive processes, such as perception, reasoning, and decision-making. It aims to understand and predict human behavior by simulating mental functions and exploring the underlying mechanisms of cognition through artificial intelligence and computational techniques.

Mental rehearsal, defined as the deliberate cognitive rehearsal of tasks without action, is an emerging approach to procedural skills learning in healthcare education. In particular, mental rehearsal has been associated with durable...more

Mental rehearsal, defined as the deliberate cognitive rehearsal of tasks without action, is an emerging approach to procedural skills learning in healthcare education. In particular, mental rehearsal has been associated with durable improvement of complex skills in various fields such as aviation, high performance sports and surgery. Despite this, mental rehearsal-based practices in healthcare are challenged with mainly informal and highly heterogeneous practice. Given this, the efficacy of mental rehearsal in medical education remains poorly characterised. Furthermore, there is currently no evidence-based approach to integrating mental rehearsal in the medical curriculum, nor frameworks to guide development of mental rehearsal skills for students. This narrative review explores mental rehearsal in medical education and evaluates the current principles of mental rehearsal and how these can be applied to improve procedural skills learning for medical students.

A model of cognitive control in task switching is developed in which controlled performance depends on the system maintaining access to a code in episodic memory representing the most recently cued task. The main constraint on access to...more

A model of cognitive control in task switching is developed in which controlled performance depends on the system maintaining access to a code in episodic memory representing the most recently cued task. The main constraint on access to the current task code is proactive interference from old task codes. This interference and the mechanisms that contend with it reproduce a wide range of behavioral phenomena when simulated, including well-known task-switching effects, such as latency and error switch costs, and effects on which other theories are silent, such as with-run slowing and within-run error increase. The model generalizes across multiple task-switching procedures, suggesting that episodic task codes play an important role in keeping the cognitive system focused under a variety of performance constraints.

Criminal behaviour often involves a combination of physical, mental, social and environmental (multi-)agent aspects, such as neurological deviations, hormones, arousal, (non)empathy, targets and social control. This paper contributes a...more

Criminal behaviour often involves a combination of physical, mental, social and environmental (multi-)agent aspects, such as neurological deviations, hormones, arousal, (non)empathy, targets and social control. This paper contributes a dynamical agentbased approach for analysis and simulation of criminal behaviour, covering the above aspects, illustrated for the case of an Intermittent Explosive Disorder. It involves dynamically generated desires and beliefs in opportunities within the social environment, both based on literature on criminal behaviour.

Resumen Este trabaj o corresponde a una indagacion realizada en el Proyecto de Investigacion N° 2154, del Consej o de Investigacion de la Universidad Nacional de Salta. Uno de sus obj etivos especificos es estudiar obstaculos y...more

Resumen Este trabaj o corresponde a una indagacion realizada en el Proyecto de Investigacion N° 2154, del Consej o de Investigacion de la Universidad Nacional de Salta. Uno de sus obj etivos especificos es estudiar obstaculos y problematicas en las construcciones conceptuales del dominio especifico del diseno algoritmico. Se relata la investigacion de los procesos cognitivos de los estudiantes, al abordar los contenidos basicos de la Algoritmia, sus competencias para la lectura comprensiva de problemas computacionales y sus soluciones algoritmicas, en particular, aquellas asociadas a la fase de analisis del problema. Se integran dos estudios, uno por observacion comparativo y otro en profundidad, aplicando entrevistas para registrar aspectos relativos a las decisiones que toman los estudiantes en el proceso de analisis y diseno de algoritmos. Ambos estudios se orientan a probar las hipotesis de la investigacion, respecto al modo en que siguen la metodologia ensenada, las posibles ru...

Resumen Este trabaj o corresponde a una indagacion realizada en el Proyecto de Investigacion N° 2154, del Consej o de Investigacion de la Universidad Nacional de Salta. Uno de sus obj etivos especificos es estudiar obstaculos y...more

Resumen Este trabaj o corresponde a una indagacion realizada en el Proyecto de Investigacion N° 2154, del Consej o de Investigacion de la Universidad Nacional de Salta. Uno de sus obj etivos especificos es estudiar obstaculos y problematicas en las construcciones conceptuales del dominio especifico del diseno algoritmico. Se relata la investigacion de los procesos cognitivos de los estudiantes, al abordar los contenidos basicos de la Algoritmia, sus competencias para la lectura comprensiva de problemas computacionales y sus soluciones algoritmicas, en particular, aquellas asociadas a la fase de analisis del problema. Se integran dos estudios, uno por observacion comparativo y otro en profundidad, aplicando entrevistas para registrar aspectos relativos a las decisiones que toman los estudiantes en el proceso de analisis y diseno de algoritmos. Ambos estudios se orientan a probar las hipotesis de la investigacion, respecto al modo en que siguen la metodologia ensenada, las posibles ru...

The Dinamic Risk Modelling was a research project aimed at developing a simulation approach able to provide a quantitative analysis of some critical activities of Air Traffic Control (ATC) operators considering the organizational context...more

The Dinamic Risk Modelling was a research project aimed at developing a simulation approach able to provide a quantitative analysis of some critical activities of Air Traffic Control (ATC) operators considering the organizational context in which they take place, the main cognitive processes underneath, and the possibility to inform the analysis using retrospective accident data. The pilot study was aimed at providing an overview of possible opportunities related to the use of a cognitive simulator within the Eurocontrol framework called CONOPS (which is a detailed description of future operational concept for Air Traffic in Europe). The approach chosen within the field of HRA (Human Reliability Analysis) made use of a cognitive Simulator (named PROCOS), developed by Politecnico di Milano. The simulator in fact was built based on an Information Processing Level very much compatible with the one embedded in a method used by Eurcontrol for collecting accident data named HERA. The pilot application was able to modify the calibration process of the simulator and make use of the retrospective accident data that was available. The resulting approach can interact with standard risk assessment methodologies in order to analyze the criticalities arising from human performance in the ATC working contexts in the light of past experience.

Sketching is a powerful means of working out and communicating ideas. Sketch understanding involves a combination of visual, spatial, and conceptual knowledge and reasoning, which makes it both challenging to model and potentially...more

Sketching is a powerful means of working out and communicating ideas. Sketch understanding involves a combination of visual, spatial, and conceptual knowledge and reasoning, which makes it both challenging to model and potentially illuminating for cognitive science. This paper describes CogSketch, an ongoing effort of the NSF-funded Spatial Intelligence and Learning Center, which is being developed both as a research instrument for cognitive science and as a platform for sketch-based educational software. We describe the idea of open-domain sketch understanding, the scientific hypotheses underlying CogSketch, and provide an overview of the models it employs, illustrated by simulation studies and ongoing experiments in creating sketch-based educational software.