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This chapter describes the reflexive, reciprocal and adverbial emphatic markers mijelp, gija and miself in Barunga Kriol, the variety of the Australian Kriol spoken in Beswick/Wugularr (Top End, Northern Territory, Australia). These...more

This chapter describes the reflexive, reciprocal and adverbial emphatic markers mijelp, gija and miself in Barunga Kriol, the variety of the Australian Kriol spoken in Beswick/Wugularr (Top End, Northern Territory, Australia). These markers are interesting because their distribution has evolved in recent years, resulting in further and neater distinctions. Firstly, a typologically rare distinction between two types of reciprocals has emerged, where transitive verbs and "semi-transitive" verbs receive distinct reciprocal marking. This distinction could result from contact with other Kriol varieties, and represents an interesting pattern of contactinduced change, where no actual form or function is borrowed from the source language. Secondly, the reflexive and emphatic markers, which were originally quasi-identical, have evolved to become two (or more) well-differentiated items. Based on the analysis of these markers, this chapter examines the ways in which a creole can develop new categories, and questions the principles underlying these developments. Contact with neighbouring varieties of Kriol, as well as late substrate reinforcement, appear to have played a role in these innovations. In addition, this case study indicates that Kriol varieties can be influenced not only by their immediate substrates, but also by other Australian languages within a broader contact area, via contact between varieties

A B S T R A C T This article examines how derivational adverbs are formed in Bodo, a Tibeto-Burman language, by adding the locative case marker “-aw”. These adverbs fall into two categories: adverbial of place and time, derived from...more

A B S T R A C T
This article examines how derivational adverbs are formed in Bodo, a
Tibeto-Burman language, by adding the locative case marker “-aw”. These
adverbs fall into two categories: adverbial of place and time, derived from
nouns, pronouns, and adjectives. For instance, nɔwaw (in the house), bejaw
(here), p
huŋaw (in the morning), and sanaw (in the day). With the personal
and interrogative pronoun sɯr, the genitive -ni precedes -aw, as in sɯr-ni-aw
(whom). This process illustrates the productive use of case marking in Bodo
grammar.

Keywords:
Bodo language,
adverb,
locative case marker,

This article describes the methods of automated identification of metaphoric combinations Adjective + Noun based on dictionary definition. The research is carried out on the Ukrainian language, СУМ – 11/Dictionary of Modern Ukrainian-11...more

This article describes the methods of automated identification of metaphoric combinations Adjective + Noun based on dictionary definition. The research is carried out on the Ukrainian language, СУМ – 11/Dictionary of Modern Ukrainian-11 and Grac v.3 corpus that served as the source of research material. On the basis of dictionary entry of the polysemantic adjective definitions two sample word lists are created that correspond to its direct and figurative meanings. Besides that, the method involves the creation of stable metaphors database fixed by explanatory or phraseological dictionaries. To perform the analysis it is recommended to compile the word frequency list of the nouncomponent definitions, compared to the sample word list, where each coincidence is ascribed a corresponding index according to the previously defined “sample” relative frequency; the sum of coincidence values for each sample coincidences is calculated. The higher value indicates either direct or figurative mea...

The variety described here is representative of colloquial Assamese spoken in the eastern districts of Assam.1 Assam is a North-Eastern state of India, therefore Assamese and creoles of Assamese like Nagamese are spoken in the different...more

The variety described here is representative of colloquial Assamese spoken in the eastern districts of Assam.1 Assam is a North-Eastern state of India, therefore Assamese and creoles of Assamese like Nagamese are spoken in the different North-Eastern states of Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, and also the neighbouring country of Bhutan. Approximately 15 million people speak Assamese in India (see Ethnologue, Gordon 2005, which lists 15,374,000 speakers including those in Bhutan and Bangladesh). In the pre-British era (until 1826), the kingdom of Assam was ruled by Ahom kings and the then capital was based in the Eastern district of Sibsagar and later in Jorhat. American missionaries established the first printing press in Sibsagar and in the year 1846 published a monthly periodical Arunodoi using the variety spoken in and around Sibsagar as the point of departure. This is the immediate reason which led to the acceptance of the formal variety spoken in eastern Assam (which rou...

The variety described here is representative of colloquial Assamese spoken in the eastern districts of Assam.1 Assam is a North-Eastern state of India, therefore Assamese and creoles of Assamese like Nagamese are spoken in the different...more

The variety described here is representative of colloquial Assamese spoken in the eastern districts of Assam.1 Assam is a North-Eastern state of India, therefore Assamese and creoles of Assamese like Nagamese are spoken in the different North-Eastern states of Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, and also the neighbouring country of Bhutan. Approximately 15 million people speak Assamese in India (see Ethnologue, Gordon 2005, which lists 15,374,000 speakers including those in Bhutan and Bangladesh). In the pre-British era (until 1826), the kingdom of Assam was ruled by Ahom kings and the then capital was based in the Eastern district of Sibsagar and later in Jorhat. American missionaries established the first printing press in Sibsagar and in the year 1846 published a monthly periodical Arunodoi using the variety spoken in and around Sibsagar as the point of departure. This is the immediate reason which led to the acceptance of the formal variety spoken in eastern Assam (which rou...

A crucial part of building vocabulary in a foreign language is to understand lexical errors. Among these mistakes, non-transfer errors are commonly found at all levels of language proficiency, while the incidence of transfer-related...more

A crucial part of building vocabulary in a foreign language is to understand lexical errors. Among these mistakes, non-transfer errors are commonly found at all levels of language proficiency, while the incidence of transfer-related errors generally diminishes as proficiency improves. Besides their vital role in the comprehension of language acquisition (especially in the context of second or foreign language learning) errors have significant implications for the various communicative tasks that learners engage in and the effects their errors can have when conversing with native speakers of the target language. To grasp the characteristics of lexical errors, it is essential to utilize a thorough and structured classification system that recognizes the intricacies involved in ESL/EFL students' word choice processes. The author of this study sought to examine the frequent lexical errors encountered by EFL learners and to offer solutions for mitigating this challenge. From the author's viewpoint, the lexical errors made by students in EFL courses prompted an inquiry into the root causes of these errors. The outcomes of this research can guide the creation of corrective classroom activities that assist EFL learners and enable students to use vocabulary correctly in their English lessons.

This study investigates the geo-linguistic distribution and variation of echo reduplication (ER) within and beyond Turkic languages, focusing on its diffusion paths and the role of language contact in shaping its current distribution....more

This study investigates the geo-linguistic distribution and variation of echo reduplication (ER) within and beyond Turkic languages, focusing on its diffusion paths and the role of language contact in shaping its current distribution. Through examining data from 91 languages belonging to ten language families, we demonstrate that ER is widely distributed across the Eurasian continent, with a pattern radiating outward from Central Asia. We identify three main types of ER, based on the nature of the modification: C-type (consonant replacement), V-type (vowel alternation), and CV-type (initial syllable modification). Our findings reveal that the majority of languages employ C-type ER, while languages on the edge show more deviation. The presence of ER in genetically unrelated but geographically adjacent languages suggests that its extensive distribution results from contact-induced convergence. Considering its internal characteristics and ER distribution pattern, we argue that Turkic languages might be the originator of ER, or at least the distributor of ER. Subsequently, ER spreads to other language families through direct and indirect contact.

Cultural Anthropology and Linguistic Anthropology are two vital subfields within anthropology, each offering unique insights into the diverse and complex ways in which human societies operate. When these disciplines converge, a profound...more

Cultural Anthropology and Linguistic Anthropology are two vital subfields within anthropology, each offering unique insights into the diverse and complex ways in which human societies operate. When these disciplines converge, a profound synergy emerges, providing a richer and more holistic understanding of the cultural, linguistic, and social dimensions of human life. This article explores the interplay between cultural and linguistic anthropology, revealing how their synergy enhances our grasp of the intricacies of human existence. The fields of cultural and linguistic anthropology have long been distinguished by their unique focuses, methodologies, and research interests. Cultural anthropology delves into the intricacies of human societies, exploring cultural practices, beliefs, and social structures, while linguistic anthropology focuses on the role of language in culture and society. However, a synergetic paradigm is emerging that seeks to bridge these two disciplines, recognizi...

This work addresses the issue of magical communication found in the Elder Futhark runic inscriptions. It examines the Kragehul Spear Shaft (DR 196), Björketorp runestone (DR 360), the Horn(s) of Gallehus (DR 12), Gummarp runestone (DR...more

This work addresses the issue of magical communication found in the Elder Futhark runic inscriptions. It examines the Kragehul Spear Shaft (DR 196), Björketorp runestone (DR 360), the Horn(s) of Gallehus (DR 12), Gummarp runestone (DR 358), Lindholm amulet (DR 261), Straum whetstone (KJ 50), Ribe skull fragment (DR EM85; 151B), the Noleby runestone (KJ 67), and the Eggja runestone (N KJ 101). It seeks magical communication which may putatively be encompassed by the law of magical semiosis.

By setting objective parameters for measuring this law of magical communication, it can be determined whether or not a particular inscription should be understood as magical or non-magical specific to the Umwelt and Weltanschauung of the Runemaster. Essentially, this work is meant to challenge runologists in postulating falsifiable criteria so that magical communication in the world of the Runemaster can be discussed in an academic setting.

The work begins by discussing how Charles Sanders Peirce can help provide a basic framework regarding the sign. His phenomenological framework is applied to the world of the Runemaster. The next section then addresses the problem with the word "magic," which goes far beyond the concept of "if it does not make sense, it must be magical." It then leads to a discussion of runes and numinous qualities and finally to a corpus chapter which applies the theories and methods the author has adopted.

Luis Cencillo y la arquitectura simbólica de lo humano Relectura de las conferencias de 1977 sobre la constitución del mundo Luis Cencillo and the Symbolic Architecture of the Human Rereading the 1977 Lectures on the Constitution of the...more

Luis Cencillo y la arquitectura simbólica de lo humano Relectura de las conferencias de 1977 sobre la constitución del mundo Luis Cencillo and the Symbolic Architecture of the Human Rereading the 1977 Lectures on the Constitution of the World 7714 Dr. Imanol BAGENETA MESSEGUER Conservatorio Superior de Música de Castilla y León Resumen: Este artículo examina la antropología simbólica de Luis Cencillo a partir de su obra Dialéctica del concreto humano (1975) y del ciclo de conferencias impartido en 1977. Tras reconstruir los fundamentos de su sistema-zonas, niveles y estructuras funcionales-, el texto contrasta su propuesta con la de Zubiri, Ortega, Merleau-Ponty y Heidegger, para explorar la posibilidad de una antropología no totalizante, capaz de acoger el desajuste sin clausurarlo.

This is an incomplete transcription and partial translation of words about the traditional cultivation practices of the Longri, spoken by Rolik Nokyah Thuh. She was born a Longri at Pengyang village in the mountains and married an Nokyah....more

This is an incomplete transcription and partial translation of words about the traditional cultivation practices of the Longri, spoken by Rolik Nokyah Thuh. She was born a Longri at Pengyang village in the mountains and married an Nokyah. She was born in around 1940. The recording was made and translation done in 2010. This includes a very traditional version of the Sahpolo song

Long, ruot, bung, da are terms for body parts so they have some characters in common with other body terms. They can be used to nominate human body parts, be extended to nominate different parts of things and to express human emotion. By...more

Long, ruot, bung, da are terms for body parts so they have some characters in common with other body terms. They can be used to nominate human body parts, be extended to nominate different parts of things and to express human emotion. By comparing the use of these terms in Vietnamese with equivalence terms in some other languages and giving evidences in literature as well, this paper shows some differences, especially some specifics of these terms from other body terms in emotion expression. The results of this paper indicates that among them, long is nearly an absolute "center" idea for expressing emotion in Vietnamese.

Josiane Boutet is a key figure in French sociolinguistics, known for her pioneering work on language practices and their intersection with power, education, and the workplace. This paper explores the intellectual and historical contexts...more

Josiane Boutet is a key figure in French sociolinguistics, known for her
pioneering work on language practices and their intersection with power, education,
and the workplace. This paper explores the intellectual and historical contexts of her
contributions, highlighting her commitment to interdisciplinarity, empirical rigor,
and politically engaged sociolinguistics. From her early research in the 1970s to her
ongoing work in the 2020s, Josiane Boutet has consistently bridged theoretical
innovation with practical applications, addressing issues of social inequality and
language policy. This article examines the enduring legacy and contemporary relevance
of Josiane Boutet’s approach to language as social practice.

This short paper introduces the term "uterquetic", from Latin "uterque" (“each, both”) + "-etic" (“pertaining to”), describing descent that alternates between male and female ancestors. It contrasts with patrilineal, matrilineal, and...more

This short paper introduces the term "uterquetic", from Latin "uterque" (“each, both”) + "-etic" (“pertaining to”), describing descent that alternates between male and female ancestors. It contrasts with patrilineal, matrilineal, and cognatic systems, offering a term for rhythmic dual lineage.

The present volume originated from the symposium on "Areal patterns of grammaticalization and cross-linguistic variation in grammaticalization scenarios" held on 12-14 March 2015 at Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz. The main purpose...more

The present volume originated from the symposium on "Areal patterns of grammaticalization and cross-linguistic variation in grammaticalization scenarios" held on 12-14 March 2015 at Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz. The main purpose of the conference was to bring together leading experts on grammaticalization, combining expertise in grammaticalization theory with expertise in particular language families, in order to explore cross-linguistic variation in grammaticalization scenarios. The participants together with the organizers of the conference (Walter Bisang & Andrej Malchukov) aim at a systematic study of grammaticalization scenarios as well as research on their areal variation, all of this leading to a planned Comparative Handbook of Grammaticalization Scenarios and an accompanying database. Additionally, certain papers which address some of the main questions raised by the organizers of the conference have been invited to the present volume. Grammaticalization studies and grammaticalization theory have been one of the most successful research paradigms introduced in late 20 th century linguistics. The milestone of grammaticalization research includes such works as Lehmann (2015) on "Thoughts on Grammaticalization",

This paper is to investigate the function of the presupposition in qualitative way. This issue is the part of large field that is called Forensic Linguistics, the field of forensic linguistics has been growing in prominence in the past...more

This paper is to investigate the function of the presupposition in qualitative way. This issue is the part of large field that is called Forensic Linguistics, the field of forensic linguistics has been growing in prominence in the past couple of decades. From an interdisciplinary pragmatic perspective, which takes account of linguistic and situational contexts as well as ideological presuppositions, topic provides illuminating insights into the working of the Georgian and American legal system, with its typical mixture of features of law. The primary aim is (1) to examine the interaction between illocutionary acts, meaning and intentions in court discourse, which is helpful to understand the interaction between different discourse community in judicial system, (2) while the ultimate goal is to investigate the balance between narrative and persuasion achieved by patterns of presuppositions, which are initiated by court questioners: prosecutors and lawyers. The comparative study of the tribunals of Georgia and America was conducted. To cut a long story short, Presupposition can be regarded as the relation between the speaker’s intention and the choice of strategies while conducting a trial inquiry. A presupposition is a method of verifying or challenging facts and credibility.

KEYWORDS: Pragmatics, Presupposition; Courtroom Discourse; Strategy of language;

This article addresses the discursive construction of the Polish minority in the Czech part of Cieszyn Silesia within contemporary Polish media texts. Adopting a perspective of intercultural education, it is an attempt to answer the...more

This article addresses the discursive construction of the Polish minority in the Czech part of Cieszyn Silesia within contemporary Polish media texts. Adopting a perspective of intercultural education, it is an attempt to answer the question how language and media shape the cognitive and emotional frameworks through which the Polish public perceives their "foreign" compatriots in the Czech borderland. Drawing on concepts such as connotation and habitus, the article demonstrates that seemingly neutral designations - such as "Zaolzie" or "Cieszyn Silesia" - carry associative images that influence how the Polish minority in the Czech Republic is perceived in contemporary Poland. Through an analysis of corpus data, the article shows that the term "Zaolzie" is either unfamiliar to the average Polish reader or associated with the fraught legacy of past border conflicts between Poland and Czechoslovakia. These historical connotations tend to obscure the reality of today's Polish minority in the Czech Republic, rendering it either invisible or ideologically burdened. In contrast, the term "the Czech part of Cieszyn Silesia" - though less widely used-avoids these associations and opens up interpretive space for more accurate and future-oriented representations. The article argues that replacing "Zaolzie" with "the Czech part of Cieszyn Silesia" in Polish public discourse offers several advantages. It restores the awareness that the region extends beyond Poland's borders, reinforces a shared historical and cultural identity among Poles on both sides of the border, and dissociates the minority's image from associations of loss or shame. This linguistic shift can support intercultural narratives that emphasize common cultural heritage. Finally, the article presents intercultural education as a pedagogical tool that ultimately serves to shape public discourse. It can function as a form of mediation between "domestic" and "foreign" Poles, fostering greater inclusivity and the symbolic visibility of Poles living on the Czech side of the border.

Pored tzv. balkanizama, strukturnih osobina zajedničkih jezicima balkanskog areala koje su rezultat njihovih intenzivnih uzajamnih kontakata, za bolje razumevanje prirode i istorije ovih kontakata od značaja mogu biti i one distinktivne...more

Pored tzv. balkanizama, strukturnih osobina zajedničkih jezicima balkanskog areala koje su rezultat njihovih intenzivnih uzajamnih kontakata, za bolje razumevanje prirode i istorije ovih kontakata od značaja mogu biti i one distinktivne osobine ovih jezičkih sistema koje "ne prelaze granice polaznog jezika, pozajmljuju se i kalkiraju se sa maksimalnom teškoćom", za koje Sobolev (2011) predlaže termin antibalkanizmi. Spisak mogućih antibalkanizama u južnoslovenskim jezicima koji donosi Sobolev ovde se dopunjuje onima iz albanskoga, te skupa posmatra iz perspektive ovoga jezičkog para u širokoj kontaktnoj zoni perifernih južnoslovenskih i severnoalbanskih govora. Cilj ovakvog ogleda jeste pokušaj da se, eventualno, takvim metodološkim postupkom bolje utvrdi i relativna hronologija albansko-južnoslovenskih uzajamnih kontakata u ovoj zoni.

While it is true that by the end of this century the world will have lost most of the more than 7000 languages spoken today, it is also true that Africa will be one of the regions most affected by this phenomenon. Most African languages...more

While it is true that by the end of this century the world will have lost most of the more than 7000 languages spoken today, it is also true that Africa will be one of the regions most affected by this phenomenon. Most African languages are still only passed on orally, and their survival seems to be a utopia. In recent years, the preservation and promotion of national languages and cultures has been enshrined in many African constitutions. This is reflected in some cases in the tentative introduction of experimental curricula in elementary schools in which a number of national languages have been proposed as the Medium of Instruction (MoI) together with the de jure and/or de facto official language(s) of the country (e.g., Burkina Faso, Mali, Kenya, and Nigeria).
Although this concatenation of determinants seems reasonable and welcome from a theoretical point of view, the aim of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current status quo, examining some experiments and trying to understand their impact on the preservation of small, unwritten languages. It will be discussed whether and how the integration of national languages into the formal education system is really the right way to go if the goal is to slow down the decline and possible death of African minority languages in the near future.

After having been relegated to the austere halls of academia for centuries, in the last decades human sciences have more and more frequently been called to get mixed up with the outside world. With its focus on people and on their...more

After having been relegated to the austere halls of academia for centuries, in the last decades human sciences have more and more frequently been called to get mixed up with the outside world. With its focus on people and on their relations, anthropology (Appadurai 1996; 2014; Latour 2006; 2012) has represented one of the most brilliant examples of the fruitfulness of this evasion, specifically in the field of international cooperation (Olivier de Sardan 2005; Fassin 2012). In this report I will try to argue that, in a multi-disciplinary perspective, a joint anthropological and ethnolinguistic approach to the field can be very productive. An attentive and well focused lexical mapping of specific domains, can in fact help to significantly reduce the time anthropologists usually spend in data gathering through participant observation and face to face interviews. This approach seems particularly useful when funds are object-driven and the time scheduled for the analysis of the context ...

The aim of this paper is to briefly assess, from the point of view of a linguist, the main contributions that experimental results and theoretical assumptions in neuropsychology have made to linguistics. The "neuromaniacal" fascination...more

The aim of this paper is to briefly assess, from the point of view of a linguist, the main contributions that experimental results and theoretical assumptions in neuropsychology have made to linguistics. The "neuromaniacal" fascination witnessed over the last three decades in linguistics is often bitterly criticized, suggesting a different approach to building a promising dialogue between the humanities and neurosciences -one sheltered from reductionism, which has proved so detrimental to many of the approaches developed so far.

Статья посвящена исследованию исторического дискурса романа Дэна Джонса «The Wars of the Roses. The Fall of the Plantagenets and the Rise of the Tudors». Предметом исследования выступают представ- ленные в тексте романа метафорические...more

Статья посвящена исследованию исторического дискурса романа Дэна Джонса «The Wars of the Roses. The Fall of the Plantagenets and the Rise of the Tudors». Предметом исследования выступают представ- ленные в тексте романа метафорические выражения с лексемой «blood». Целью работы является установление с помощью метода контекстуального анализа коммуникативной функции данных метафорических выражений, вы- явление лежащих в их основе концептуальных метафор и прототипического значения. Результаты исследования показывают, что метафорические выражения с лексемой «blood» основаны на концептуальных метафорах с обла- стью-источником «смешивание». Данные метафоры формируют у читателя определенное представление о про- шлом, участвуя в концептуализации таких абстрактных понятий, как «брачный союз», «происхождение», «родст- во», «наследование», «легитимность власти» и др. Они опираются на базовые онтологические метафоры с облас- тями-источниками «деятель», «контейнер», «субстанция» и способствуют аксиоматизации исторических нарра- тивов. Результаты исследования позволяют говорить о том, что концептуальные метафоры формируют мен- тальные пространства, через которые читатель воспринимает исторические события. Одновременно они явля- ются средством языкового моделирования исторической реальности, которая недоступна для непосредственного восприятия индивидом.

In the modern Bulgarian language, a set of numerative classifiers is used, which simultaneously perform two functions: they categorize names according to some physical or functional features of their referents; they serve as...more

In the modern Bulgarian language, a set of numerative classifiers is used, which simultaneously perform two functions: they categorize names according to some physical or functional features of their referents; they serve as intermediaries in counting objects, aggregates or distributed material masses. These are: 1. the numerative classifier чифт 'pair'-categorizes two-component objects: два чифта очила 'two pairs of glasses'; 2. numerative classifiers for categorizing substances according to the physical form in which they are distributed, and for indicating the type of their quantification-standard and non-standard (conventional and unconventional) measures: метър 'meter', буца 'lump', кофа 'bucket', парче 'piece', лъжичка 'spoon', педя 'span', etc.; 3. the numerative classifiers стадо 'herd', глутница 'pack', ято 'flock', рояк 'swarm', etc.-categorize animals, birds, fish, reptiles, insects, etc. in standard or conventional aggregates: ято гълъби 'a flock of pigeons', две стада овце 'two flocks of sheep'.

How Humanity's First Code Became the Neural Architecture of the Modern Mind 1. In the Beginning, There Were Marks Before there was code, there were cuts. Before there was speech, there was scratch. Abstract — The Birth of the Letter...more

How Humanity's First Code Became the Neural Architecture of the Modern Mind 1. In the Beginning, There Were Marks Before there was code, there were cuts. Before there was speech, there was scratch.

Abstract — The Birth of the Letter

Before code, there was calligraphy. This image distills the moment consciousness met symbol — a human hand painting the first A, not as decoration, but as declaration. Every alphabetic system, every computer language, descends from this gesture: the will to make thought visible.

The scribe’s quill becomes the original stylus, the parchment an early interface. Candlelight flickers like the first signal pulse — analog memory in motion. What appears simple is in fact the foundation of every digital system: meaning encoded through geometry, repetition, and trust in the permanence of form.

In that quiet motion — ink meeting vellum — we witness the first act of programming.

As anthropologist William Beeman shows in rhis article, humor is a communicative act. His analysis demonstrates that humor often has a common structure. It involves "double framing" in which something is presented that is suddenly...more

As anthropologist William Beeman shows in rhis article, humor is a communicative act. His analysis demonstrates that humor often has a common structure. It involves "double framing" in which something is presented that is suddenly revealed to be something else,
often by being recontextualized during the course of the humorous presentation To the sur­prise of the listener, the apparent "frame" of the humorous item is broken to reveal the sec­ond (and occasionally a third or fourth) frame. The combination of double .framing coupled with surprise produces an autonomic reaction-usually spontaneous /aughte,: Freud linked humor with aggression in part because the process of recomextualization and surprise is designed to take the consumer of humor unawares-a kind of assault. By drawing on exam­ples from Egypt, Iran, and the Persian Gulf states, Beeman makes the point that cultural differences in humor arise because of the variety of bases for framing in different social tradi­tio11S-conditioned by history, shared knowledge, and behavioral expectations. For this rea­son, it is often difficult for persons from one cultural tradition to understand the humor generated by other traditions. Humor generated by exploiting expectations arising .from social customs, language, shared symbolism, and ironic distance between the "inside" and "outside" reality of current events creates a rich humorous tapestry often unappreciated by persons from outside the region.

This study examines fricative vowels in the Kokrajhar variety of Bodo, a Trans-Himalayan language spoken in Northeast India. Acoustic and articulatory analyses reveal that the high front vowel /i/ and high back vowel /u/ are realized as...more

This study examines fricative vowels in the Kokrajhar variety of Bodo, a Trans-Himalayan language spoken in Northeast India. Acoustic and articulatory analyses reveal that the high front vowel /i/ and high back vowel /u/ are realized as [iz] and [uv], showing coronal and labiodental frication. Data from six native speakers were analyzed using PRAAT and palatography. The fricative vowels display higher F1, lower F2, and reduced Harmonics-to-Noise Ratio compared to plain vowels, indicating greater noise and centralization. Articulatory evidence suggests anterior constriction involving the tongue blade. The findings suggest that fricative vowels in Kokrajhar Bodo are phonetic variants rather than phonemic contrasts, adding new evidence to the typology of fricative vowels across languages.

A (22-minute) version of this talk with audio walk-through available via the following link: [TBA] Joking registers have received scant attention in the linguistic literature on New Guinea languages (Hoenigman ms; Laycock 1969, 1977;...more

A (22-minute) version of this talk with audio walk-through available via the following link: [TBA]

Joking registers have received scant attention in the linguistic literature on New Guinea languages (Hoenigman ms; Laycock 1969, 1977; Senft 2010, 2018) but have been addressed in some depth by anthropologists (Aerts 1987; Brash 1971; Lipset 2004; McDowell 1975; Schieffelin 2008; Smith 1990; Stasch 2002; Telban 1998; Webb 1993). In Chini and other societies of the Middle Ramu region of Madang, joking plays an important role in local life as a form of native theatre and as a resource to strengthen social bonds between certain kin relations and social positions specific to the cultures of this region. It involves creative playfulness and performativity developed across back-and-forth exchanges which would otherwise be considered inappropriate or offensive, for instance, demands upon the addressee’s possessions, direct reference to genitalia, teasing about personal idiosyncrasies, and threats.

Melanesian-style joking, I argue, is all but undocumentable by digital recording means. Language documentation which aims to capture “specimens of actual linguistic behavior, i.e., examples of how people communicate with each other” (Himmelmann 2006: 7) according to the “possibilities offered by new technologies for access to primary data” (Thieberger 2009: 367), indisputably leads to richer, more representative records of small, obsolescent languages than would otherwise be possible without recording and transcribing connected speech (Hintz & Hintz 2017; Mithun 2001; Seifert et al. 2018; Woodbury 2011). Yet during the documentation-centered years of my early fieldwork, the Chini joking register (bubu ɨrkngɨ) and its importance for understanding the function of a special set of possessive pronouns, remained illusive to me due to its unpredictability and fleetingness of usage, its progressive development and relationally-specific character. My knowledge of bubu ɨrkngɨ and its grammatical correlate in the pronouns has depended not on any method upholding objectivity or reproducibility according to the current direction of standards for making linguistic claims – but on the interpersonally and cross-culturally “messy” work of participant observation and on the spontaneous development of joking relationships across twelve years of ongoing fieldwork.

Cuando Francisco de Orellana como primer europeo navegaba, en 1542, rio abajo del Amazonas, se sorprendio de los muchos, ricos y densamente poblados caserios indigenas que existian a lo largo del rio. Su cronista, el prelado Gaspar de...more

Cuando Francisco de Orellana como primer europeo navegaba, en 1542, rio abajo del Amazonas, se sorprendio de los muchos, ricos y densamente poblados caserios indigenas que existian a lo largo del rio. Su cronista, el prelado Gaspar de Carvajal, cuenta que pasaban una gran cantidad de poderosos cacicazgos - los que el llama unas veces estados, otras reinos o naciones- 1 • Omagua, Panagua, Tupinamba y Tapajos son algunos de los cacicazgos nombrados por el. Sobre el jefe de los omagua, cuenta Carvajal, que se le consideraba como divino por sus subditos y que su autoridad se extendia alrededor de 500 kilometros a lo largo del Amazonas abajo de la desembocadura del rio Napa. Carvajal describe la tierra que bordea el rio como muy fertil. En las poblaciones habia abundancia de maiz, yuca, batata, mani, diversas clases de frutas, carne ahumada y pescado seco. Le impresiono especialmente a los espanoles la bella ceramica esmaltada que Carvajal comparo con los mas finos objetos espanoles y ro...

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Chères et chers collègues, L'appel à contributions pour le numéro 17, bilingue (en anglais et en français), de la Revue internationale d’anthropologie culturelle et sociale cArgo est disponible en ligne :...more

Chères et chers collègues,
L'appel à contributions pour le numéro 17, bilingue (en anglais et en français), de la Revue internationale d’anthropologie culturelle et sociale cArgo est disponible en ligne :https://www.cargo.canthel.fr/appel-a-contribution-cargo-17-rite-et-economie-lepaisseur-materielle-des-rituels/

Ce numéro, intitulé "Rite et économie : l’épaisseur matérielle des rituels", est coordonné par :

Katerina Seraïdari (Centre d’Anthropologie sociale – CAS / Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès)

Artemis Skrepeti (Centre d’Anthropologie culturelle – Canthel / Université Paris Cité)

Human beings are unique in the world of living animals in their need to convey their inner thoughts and feelings to others. This communicative function is not only pleasurable, but it also has evolutionary value in helping humans bond and...more

Human beings are unique in the world of living animals in their need to convey their inner thoughts and feelings to others. This communicative function is not only pleasurable, but it also has evolutionary value in helping humans bond and create solidarity, helping to preserve group identity and empathy. Since humans cannot perceive the inner thoughts and feelings of others, they have evolved the capacity to attempt this through the mechanism of poetic expression. This need on the part of human beings can be thought of as the poetic imperative, which is the subject of this discussion.

The aim of this thesis was to conduct a critical discourse analysis of conversations in Vision 3 textbook based on Fairclough’s three-dimensional model. Analysis of the contents, topics, themes, characters, situations, contexts and...more

The aim of this thesis was to conduct a critical discourse analysis of conversations in Vision 3 textbook based on Fairclough’s three-dimensional model. Analysis of the contents, topics, themes, characters, situations, contexts and textual characteristics of the conversations revealed that the ideological and cultural aspects and elements of the conversations include predominance of male characters, valuing knowledge and education, honoring national history, culture and famous figures, nationalism, patriotism and encouragement for curiosity. The analysis also showed that the conversations were inauthentic, unrealistic and unnatural. Implications and possible benefits of adapting and integrating critical discourse analysis in teaching English language include revision of the materials and instructional texts, development of supplementary and compensational materials and activities, and improvement of critical thinking among the learners. Keywords: critical discourse analysis, Fairclough’s three dimensional model, instructional conversations, textbooks, Vision 3

Literacy rates in schools across Nunavut have been a prevalent issue in recent years. Students are graduating with lower literacy levels than in many other parts of Canada. More specifically, the school in which I work also currently...more

Literacy rates in schools across Nunavut have been a prevalent issue in recent years. Students are graduating with lower literacy levels than in many other parts of Canada. More specifically, the school in which I work also currently exhibits this challenge. This organizational improvement plan has a problem of practice at its core that probes how current research can assist me, as principal, in supporting teachers to more effectively implement a balanced literacy program throughout my school for the purpose of improving students' literacy levels in both of the community's languages -English and Inuktitut. In order to address this gap in literacy skills, a comprehensive strategy is devised to be implemented aligning with best practices in literacy instruction. A distributed leadership approach will be used to collaboratively lead school staff towards effective execution of this plan utilizing Kotter's 8 step Change Path model. Initial stages of this plan center on developing a shared vision of literacy in the school, and then reading skills, and writing skills at the kindergarten through grade nine (K-9) level. Future considerations to this organizational improvement plan include foci on improving parental engagement with the school, and on writing skills at the high school level. Training for some aspects of balanced literacy has been conducted in previous years, however effective implementation has not been conducted in the past, thus the primary challenge of plan implementation is garnering staff support with this strategy.

Khortha is an Eastern Indo-Aryan language spoken in Jharkhand, India. Netra P. Paudyal provides an in-depth analysis of Khortha grammar based on the data recorded during his field trips, elicited data, and sentences culled from printed...more

Khortha is an Eastern Indo-Aryan language spoken in Jharkhand, India. Netra P. Paudyal provides an in-depth analysis of Khortha grammar based on the data recorded during his field trips, elicited data, and sentences culled from printed literature. Alongside, it includes a fully glossed text, a comparative wordlist of lexical items from three different varieties of this language and verb paradigms, making it of great interest and value to linguists and typologists. Additionally, it highlights Khortha’s influence from Munda and other Indo-Aryan languages, with notable lexical borrowings, particularly from Santali. This comprehensive study makes a significant contribution to understanding the linguistic landscape of South Asia.

This is the authors' final version of a chapter that appears in "Non-verbal Predication in the World’s Languages" (eds. Pier Marco Bertinetto , Luca Ciucci and Denis Creissels), published by De Gruyter Brill. The published version of the...more

This is the authors' final version of a chapter that appears in "Non-verbal Predication in the World’s Languages" (eds. Pier Marco Bertinetto , Luca Ciucci and Denis Creissels), published by De Gruyter Brill. The published version of the chapter is available here:https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110730982-017/html

Abstract: This chapter provides an overview of non-verbal predication (NVP) in the languages of the Zaparoan family, a small group of highly endangered languages of northwestern Peruvian Amazonia and eastern Ecuador. We provide a detailed description of NVP in Iquito, the sole language for which we have ample information, followed by briefer descriptions of NVP in Arabela and Sápara, the two other Zaparoan languages for which some data and descriptive materials are available. In all three languages, NVP constructions employ multiple strategies, with a major split between locative predication constructions, on the one hand, and other types of NVP, on the other. Locative predication constructions are most similar across the family, employing cognate locative copulas: Iquito iíkìL , Arabela ki, and Sápara iki. In each language, the locative copula is one function of a polyfunctional verbal element that inflects for TAME like typical lexical verbs in the language. The strategies used for non-locative NVP are less similar. Iquito exhibits a contrast between irrealis and realis copula constructions, the former of which employs a polyfunctional element kuúkì L , and the latter of which employs a dedicated copula that exhibits three allomorphs: Htɨɨ , taáLL , and ta. 20th century Sápara exhibited a copula, ta, that is cognate with one of the allomorphs of the Iquito standard copula, but in 21st century Sápara, the locative copula of 20th century Sápara, iki, has subsumed all copula functions. Arabela diverges from its sister languages in exhibiting no standard copula and deploying juxtaposition, Type IIIa predicative inflection, and the copula ki in non-locative NVP constructions.

En la década del cuarenta tuvieron lugar diferentes iniciativas para la documentación de lenguas indígenas de la Patagonia y disquisiciones teóricas acerca de sus orígenes y filiaciones genéticas. La producción édita e inédita sobre estas...more

En la década del cuarenta tuvieron lugar diferentes iniciativas para la documentación de lenguas indígenas de la Patagonia y disquisiciones teóricas acerca de sus orígenes y filiaciones genéticas. La producción édita e inédita sobre estas temáticas fue llevada a cabo tanto por etnógrafos territorianos-habitantes de la región que hacían relevamientos en terreno, de forma amateur-, como por académicos metropolitanos-profesionales que trabajaban desde instituciones como el Museo Etnográfico y el Museo de La Plata. Estos actores, si bien de distinta formación e inscripción institucional, operaron de forma mancomunada, conformando, tal como argumentamos en este artículo, una comunidad de práctica que se hace patente en los intercambios epistolares resguardados en archivos, en las remisiones bibliográficas comunes y en las referencias cruzadas en los trabajos publicados. Palabras clave: lenguas indígenas patagónicas, historiografía lingüística; comunidad de práctica.

Entre fines del siglo XIX y lo que va del XXI pueden reconocerse tres momentos en los que el vínculo entre investigadores y hablantes indígenas ha adoptado distintas formas según los marcos teóricos aplicados y los espacios disciplinares...more

Entre fines del siglo XIX y lo que va del XXI pueden reconocerse tres momentos en los que el vínculo entre investigadores y hablantes indígenas ha adoptado distintas formas según los marcos teóricos aplicados y los espacios disciplinares desde los que se investiga. En este artículo propongo el análisis de tres modelos de trabajo, el ‘coleccionista’, el de ‘rescate’ y el de ‘colabor’, que se corresponden con tres tipos de colaboradores a lo largo del período: los ‘hablantes anonimizados’, cuya función fue proporcionar algunos términos léxicos e información general sobre las lenguas; ‘hablantes identificados’, quienes cumplieron un rol clave en las descripciones lingüísticas, y ‘hablantes involucrados’, miembros de las comunidades que desarrollan o acompañan activamente instancias de investigación y revitalización lingüística.

This paper examines the foundational period of American linguistics (1880-1930) that preceded Leonard Bloomfield's structural revolution, focusing on the distinctive empirical tradition established through the synthesis of anthropological...more

This paper examines the foundational period of American linguistics (1880-1930) that preceded Leonard Bloomfield's structural revolution, focusing on the distinctive empirical tradition established through the synthesis of anthropological fieldwork and theoretical innovation. The study analyzes how the urgent need to document endangered Native American languages transformed linguistic methodology from European comparative philology toward culture-sensitive descriptive approaches. Through detailed examination of Franz Boas's methodological foundations and Edward Sapir's theoretical synthesis, the paper demonstrates how this period established a uniquely American linguistic tradition characterized by empirical rigor, cultural relativism, and attention to linguistic diversity. The research reveals that pre-Bloomfieldian linguistics not only preserved invaluable linguistic data but also generated fundamental theoretical insights about language-culture relationships that culminated in theories of linguistic relativity. These contributions established methodological innovations and theoretical frameworks that continue to influence contemporary work in linguistic anthropology, language documentation, and cognitive linguistics, demonstrating the productive relationship between applied linguistic work and theoretical advancement.

For decades, successive governments in Nigeria have initiated policies and programmes targeted at poverty reduction or eradication in the country. The current state of things in the country is a testimony to the fact that these policies...more

For decades, successive governments in Nigeria have initiated policies and programmes targeted at poverty reduction or eradication in the country. The current state of things in the country is a testimony to the fact that these policies and programmes have not adequately achieved the purpose for which they were formulated. While scholars continue to explore how poverty can be alleviated in Nigeria, it seems much has not been done concerning how Afro-traditional ethical approaches may assist in ensuring poverty alleviation. It is this gap that this paper sets out to address. The paper tenders how Ibibio approach to the problem of evil can serve as a tool for poverty reduction in Nigeria. Examined through a combination of the analytical, speculative and pragmatic philosophical methods, the paper aims to elucidate the Ibibio idea of the root cause of poverty, the reason for the failure of poverty alleviation programmes in Nigeria and the importance of Ibibio ethical values and her response to the reality of evil in ensuring poverty reduction in Nigeria. It was discovered that Ibibio's belief in the Supreme God (Akwa Abasi Ibom); her principle of moral obligation to one another (Owo ediinyene); principle of good reputation (Eti Enyinofonakan imo); and the principle of hard work and dignity of labor (Owo isiinohoifuudia), if properly channeled, can serve as effective tools in reducing poverty in Nigeria. The paper concludes that reviving and re-establishing cultural value and traditional ethical values can serve as guiding principles for effective poverty alleviation. It is therefore recommended among others, that government at all levels should revive fundamental traditional ethical ideals for the grooming of substantial moral behavior necessary for the growth of Nigeria.

Our aim in this chapter is to analyze the diverse visual, textual, discursive and material resources mobilized in citizens’ protests to hold the Nepali government accountable for addressing the health and safety needs of the people during...more

Our aim in this chapter is to analyze the diverse visual, textual, discursive
and material resources mobilized in citizens’ protests to hold the Nepali government
accountable for addressing the health and safety needs of the people during
the pandemic. As we examine them, we ask: to whom do these communicative
repertoires speak, and to what end? We argue that these resources foster a sense
of collective identity among a very diverse mass of individuals by making the
protest visually salient. The communicative activities the protesters engage in
reconfigure online and physical spaces. Simultaneously, practices transcend traditional
forms of social movement often shaped by the normative ideologies of
politics, ethnicity and gender in the context of Nepal. Protesters projected a positive
self-image by performing their identities as responsible, aware and civilized.
Some of the activities that indexed such identities were that: protesters followed
social distancing rules, they were appropriately masked and they did not incite
any violence. Meanwhile, actors used protests to perform a delegitimation (van
Dijk 1998) function by questioning the competency, authority and morality of the
government in addressing the needs of the country during the pandemic. What is
of particular interest to us as sociolinguists is the rich array of transient visual and
material semiotics that were constructed in diverse spaces as part of the protest
performance.