| Zapodidae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Zapus hudsonius preblei | |
Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Rodentia |
| Superfamily: | Dipodoidea |
| Family: | Zapodidae Coues, 1875 |
| Genera | |
| Synonyms | |
Zapodinae | |
Zapodidae, thejumping mice, is afamily of mouse-likerodents inNorth America andChina.
Althoughmouse-like in general appearance, these rodents are distinguished by their elongated hind limbs, and, typically, by the presence of four pairs of cheek-teeth in each jaw. There are five toes to all the feet, but the first in the fore-feet is rudimentary, and furnished with a flat nail.[1] The tail makes up about 60% of its body length and is used to gain balance while jumping. The cheeks have pouches. TheSichuan jumping "yeti" mouse (Eozapus setchuanus) from China can be identified by the ‘Y’ marking on its belly.
Jumping mice live in wooded areas, grassy fields and alpine meadows. When disturbed, they can leap eight to ten feet at a time, diminishing to three to four as they widen the gap between them and any pursuer. They are nocturnal and generally live alone. Nests are often found in clefts of rocks, among timber, or in hollow trees. Typically, they will have two to three litters per year.
Formerly classified in the subfamilyZapodinae alongside thebirch mice andjerboas within the greater familyDipodidae, phylogenetic analysis has found the jumping mice, birch mice, and jerboas to each form their own family, with Dipodidae being restricted to the jerboas. All three families are thought to belong to the greater superfamilyDipodoidea.[2]
There are 11 recent species listed by theAmerican Society of Mammalogists as of 2021.[3]
Family Zapodidae, jumping mice
In addition, four fossil genera are also definitively known:[4][5][6]
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Jumping-Mouse".Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 554.