Xingguo County 兴国县 Hingkwo | |
|---|---|
| Nickname: County of Generals (将军县)[1] | |
 Location of Xingguo County (red) in Jiangxi | |
| Coordinates:26°20′02″N115°20′46″E / 26.33389°N 115.34611°E /26.33389; 115.34611 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Jiangxi |
| Prefecture-level city | Ganzhou |
| Seat | Lianjiang (潋江镇) |
| Area | |
• Total | 3,214.46 km2 (1,241.11 sq mi) |
| Dimensions | |
| • Length | 84 km (52 mi) |
| • Width | 71.5 km (44.4 mi) |
| Population (2010)[2] | |
• Total | 719,830 |
| • Density | 220/km2 (580/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 342400 |
| Area code | 0797 |
| Website | www |
Xingguo County (simplified Chinese:兴国县;traditional Chinese:興國縣;pinyin:Xīngguó Xiàn) is acounty in south centralJiangxi province,People's Republic of China. It is under the administration of and located in the north of theprefecture-level city ofGanzhou, with a total area of 3,214.46 km2 (1,241.11 sq mi). Its population was 719,830 at the 2010 census.[2]
In 236 during theThree Kingdoms periodPingyang County was set up in the current area of Xingguo County. In 982 during theNorthern Song period the county ofXingguo was set up, named after theTaipingxingguo era (AD 976 – 984) of theemperor of that time.[1]
Xingguo was one of the counties controlled by theChinese Communist Party in theJiangxi–Fujian Soviet, a constituent entity of theChinese Soviet Republic from 1931. Xingguo county was the site of pioneering achievements in land reform, educational reform, and organizational development.[3]: 49 Mao Zedong praised these successes as part of "Xingguo Model" in 1934, and they became an important point of reference for other Communist Party policy experiments in the later 1930s and the 1940s.[1]: 49
The county was captured by theKuomintang forces in 1934 as part of thefifth encirclement campaign.
As of end of 2019, Xingguo has jurisdiction over 8 towns, 17 townships and 1 economic development zone.[4] The seat of the county locates at the Lianjiang Town.
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Xingguo County locates in the central south of Jiangxi Province, and in the north of Ganzhou prefectural level city. The distance to the center of Ganzhou is about 82 kilometers, and the distance to the provincial capitalNanchang is about 346 kilometers.
The length from east to west is 84 kilometers and the width from north to south is 71.5 kilometers. Xingguo is mostly covered by hills and mountains: mountains over 1000 meters on the east, north and west edges, while hilly areas in the center and south parts, with a small basin around the county seat Lianjiang Town. The highest point is the Mount Dawushan at Fengbian Township in the north with elevation of 1204 meters, while the lowest point locates at Mubu Village, Longkou Township in the south with elevation of 127.9 meters.[5]
The rivers in Xingguo are mostly tributaries toGong River,[5] which formsGan River together withZhang River near the city center ofGanzhou.
There are several reservoirs in Xingguo, the largest one beingChanggang Reservoir at Changgang Township.
Xingguo has ahumid subtropical climate. The annual average temperature is 19.0 °C, and the average annual precipitation is 1545 mm.[5]
| Climate data for Xingguo, elevation 184 m (604 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
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| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 26.4 (79.5) | 30.5 (86.9) | 31.9 (89.4) | 34.7 (94.5) | 36.0 (96.8) | 37.5 (99.5) | 40.4 (104.7) | 40.4 (104.7) | 37.9 (100.2) | 36.5 (97.7) | 32.8 (91.0) | 26.6 (79.9) | 40.4 (104.7) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 12.2 (54.0) | 15.1 (59.2) | 18.3 (64.9) | 24.7 (76.5) | 28.8 (83.8) | 31.3 (88.3) | 34.5 (94.1) | 33.9 (93.0) | 30.8 (87.4) | 26.5 (79.7) | 21.0 (69.8) | 15.0 (59.0) | 24.3 (75.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 7.8 (46.0) | 10.3 (50.5) | 13.8 (56.8) | 19.7 (67.5) | 23.9 (75.0) | 26.8 (80.2) | 29.2 (84.6) | 28.5 (83.3) | 25.6 (78.1) | 20.8 (69.4) | 15.3 (59.5) | 9.6 (49.3) | 19.3 (66.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 4.9 (40.8) | 7.2 (45.0) | 10.7 (51.3) | 16.1 (61.0) | 20.4 (68.7) | 23.5 (74.3) | 25.1 (77.2) | 24.8 (76.6) | 21.9 (71.4) | 16.8 (62.2) | 11.4 (52.5) | 6.0 (42.8) | 15.7 (60.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −4.5 (23.9) | −3.3 (26.1) | −1.7 (28.9) | 3.8 (38.8) | 10.0 (50.0) | 14.2 (57.6) | 19.3 (66.7) | 20.3 (68.5) | 13.9 (57.0) | 5.0 (41.0) | −0.7 (30.7) | −6.3 (20.7) | −6.3 (20.7) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 70.5 (2.78) | 92.1 (3.63) | 178.4 (7.02) | 173.7 (6.84) | 230.9 (9.09) | 258.7 (10.19) | 160.3 (6.31) | 163.8 (6.45) | 68.6 (2.70) | 57.4 (2.26) | 74.0 (2.91) | 53.1 (2.09) | 1,581.5 (62.27) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 11.2 | 12.6 | 17.9 | 16.4 | 17.3 | 16.8 | 11.5 | 14.0 | 8.6 | 5.9 | 7.7 | 8.4 | 148.3 |
| Average snowy days | 1.8 | 1.0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 3.4 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 78 | 79 | 82 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 73 | 76 | 76 | 73 | 76 | 75 | 77 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 81.3 | 82.3 | 79.5 | 109.5 | 129.1 | 143.3 | 244.3 | 216.1 | 179.9 | 166.6 | 134.5 | 120.4 | 1,686.8 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 25 | 26 | 21 | 29 | 31 | 35 | 58 | 54 | 49 | 47 | 42 | 37 | 38 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[6][7] | |||||||||||||
According to the official website, the population in 2015 was about 820,000.[8] Xingguo isHakka area, the ancestors of the population mostly came fromHenan,Gansu and other provinces such asShaanxi,Hebei,Shanxi andShandong.[1]
There are a small number ofShe people living in Xingguo. According to the records, there were 810 households and 4419 She people in 1986.[9] Four villages in Xingguo are designated to She people.
TheRevolutionary Sites of Xingguo is on the list ofMajor Historical and Cultural Sites Protected at the National Level. It includes 5 different sites whereMao Zedong,Communist Party, andRed Army had had activities during 1929 - 1933.[10] As a result of these activities, there has been 54 persons from Xingguo appointed as major generals, lieutenant generals, or colonel generals in the army (later additional 2 persons were appointed). So Xingguo is nicknamed as theCounty of Generals.[1]
In addition, there are 19 historical and cultural sites protected at the provincial level,[11] 9 sites at the prefectural city level, and 25 sites at the county level.[10]
There are two railway stations in the county. High-speed services call atXingguo West railway station and all other services call atXingguo railway station.
Both airports are within 100 kilometers distance.
Xingguo is a settlement for Hakka people, so it has the characteristics of Hakka culture, including theHakka Chinese language.
In Xingguo there is a unique folk song genre calledXingguoShan'ge (mountain song).
Xingguo is also one of the founding places offeng shui philosophy. Sanliao Village in Meijiao Town is known asthe First Village of Feng Shui Culture.[1]
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