Norman Tindale estimated their lands as extending over some 4,100 square miles (11,000 km2), on the northern side of theGwydir River fromMoree toBingara. It took inYallaroi, and their northernmost extension ran toWarialda and Gilgil Creek, and fromInverell to north ofWallangra on theMacintyre River. Their western frontier was atGarah.[1]
In one early report by the Reverend Greenway, the Weraerai were said to share much mythology with theGamilaraay. Using European analogies, he described their supreme god asBaiame, creator of themurri (aboriginal people) who had an earthly regent calledTurramūlan, whose name meant 'one-legged' since 'his locomotive instruments, or feet and legs, (were) in the form of an Indian yale, all on one side; hence his name, signifying 'one-legged'. His consortMuni Burribian was delegated with the task of initiating women into the domestic arts.[3] Turramūlan's presence is summoned by the whirling of abullroarer during the rites of initiation at abora circle.
Soon the leaders appeared by a long train of aborigines in single file. They were all painted in red, yellow, and white figures, the white prevailing in stripes down their arms and thighs: each was girded with a specially constructed belt or girdle of opossum known as aghūtūr,[a] and fringed around by a sort of short kilt made of split opossum, native cat, and squirrel skins respectively, according to the totem to which they belonged. Their hair was dressed in various ways and well combed and greased, then frosted over with swandown or that of other birds, each had round their head under the hair, at the sides and back, a band netted closely and broad where it passed over the forehead, this is known as angooloomere (from the covering the forehead) this was of a great variety of colour amongst them. Each carried in his left hand a small packet of very fine ashes or white or grey earth dust, the enclosing material was of soft bark, this was struck by the right hand, thereby emitting some of the powder within, which floating in the air forms a misty cloud all over. The blows were given in solemn cadence chanted in a subdued voice by all, and added much to the real solemnity of the scene...they entered upon another prepared enclosure, in which lay an enormous representation of a serpent made of stuff mud or clay and branded across by yellow, red, and white adornments and bands...Round this figure the whole body marched in much the same style and manner as at their first entrance on the scene, but bending forward occasionally as at certain points fixed simultaneously with a sort of inclination of the body as if expressing reverence. The motions throughout were made with all the accuracy and precision of the most perfectly drilled troops or well taught dancers. When this function was completed and open space prepared there, they formed a square by regularly preserved ranks, and commenced a grand corroboree, moving in unbroken mass forward a space, then backward, then from left to right, then from right to left in one unbroken order, and with faultless precision as to time and manner, their voices and limbs.[6]
The Weraerai were reportedly one of the tribes, including theGamilaraay, that were killed during punitive expeditions that took place and peaked with theWaterloo Creek massacre of 1838.
^Many texts write this word asGhooloor, but Greenway in his earliest account transcribed it as written here.[3] Tindale counts among sources for the Weraerai two texts, one of which notes thatOrion, known asBerriberri set out in pursuit of the Pleiades (Miai-miai) and cornered them in a mother-tree where they were transformed intoyellow and white cockatoos. A more complete account, referred to by Tindale as relevant to the Weraerai, but with a different name for the pursuer (Werrinbah) was given by Greenway in another text.[4] His attempts to capture them were blocked byTurum-bulum, a one-eyed, one-legged legendary figure associated with thePole star.[5] They calledOrion's Belt,ghūtūr/ghooloorr,[3] a girdle that covered his invincible boomerang. (Greenway 1901b, p. 168)
