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Vincentian Creole

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
English-based creole of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
This articlerelies largely or entirely on asingle source. Relevant discussion may be found on thetalk page. Please helpimprove this article byintroducing citations to additional sources.
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(April 2025)
Vincentian Creole
Native toSaint Vincent and the Grenadines
Native speakers
108,000 (2016)[1]
English creole
  • Atlantic
    • Eastern
      • Vincentian Creole
Language codes
ISO 639-3svc
Glottologvinc1243  Vincentian Creole English

Vincentian Creole is an English-basedcreole language spoken inSaint Vincent and the Grenadines. It contains elements ofSpanish,Antillean Creole, and variousIberian Romance languages. It has also been influenced by the indigenousKalinago/Garifuna elements and by African languages[clarification needed] brought over the Atlantic Ocean by way of the slave trade. Over the years the creole has changed to be a mix of all of those languages.

Pronunciation

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  • Hard sounds at the end of words are avoided. There are mainly two ways hard sounds are evaded:
  • For words ending in "-er", the "-er" sound changes to an "ah" sound. Example: "never" is pronounced as "nevah" and clever as "clevah"
  • For words ending in "-th", the soft "-th" sound is replaced by the hard "t" sound as if the "h" were dropped. Example: "with" is rendered as "wit" and "earth" as "eart"
  • For words ending in "-own", the "-own" is rendered as "-ung". Examples: down is rendered "dung" and town is rendered "tung"
  • Words beginning with "dr" change to " j". Examples: driver is rendered 'jiver' and "drop off" as "jop off"

Grammar

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Generally, there is no need for concord. The verb in its plural form is simply placed after the subject of the sentence. The object of the sentence is then placed after the verb, as in English. If there are both a direct object and an indirect object, the indirect object is placed directly after the verb followed by the direct object.

The subject pronouns are as shown in the following table.

PronounsOriginEnglish equivalent
meme (English)I or me
yoyou (English)you (singular, as both object and subject)
e/i (pronounced "ee")he (English)he/she/it
ahweall of we (incorrect grammatically, English)we or us
aryo/alyoall of you (English)you (plural, as both object and subject)
dem/demdeythem/them there (English)they or them

With regards to tense, the present tense is indicated by the use of the modal "does" (for habitual actions) or by the use of the present participle ending in "-ing" (for actions one is currently doing). The past tense is indicated by the use of either what is in English the plural form of the present tense of the verb, the modal "did", "been"/"bin" or the past participle of the verb. The future tense is indicated by the use of the present participle of the verb "to go", which is "going" (gine or gwine in the creole), or the plural form of the verb, "go".

TenseExample
PresentMe does give / Me givin'
PastMe give / Me did give / Me bin give
FutureMe gine give/ Me gwine give / Me go give

Vocabulary

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ExpressionOriginMeaning
maaninmorning (English)Good Morning!/morning
mek?what made ____ (what caused _____) ?why?
naygahequivalent to negro (English)people
pikneypequenino (Portuguese)child
buhbut (English)but
caahcause 'because' (English)because or cannot
parisohlparasol (Spanish)umbrella
dohtish/chupitdoltish (English)stupid
paa/weypaawhere (English)where or what
nyamnyam (Wolof/Fula)eat
comesskonmès (Antillean Creole)gossip
yah/yahsohere (English)here
dey/deysothere (English)there
outadoh/out deyoutdoors (English)outside
pyar pyarUnknownpoor
chookjukka (Fula)poke
huunchHitto elbow or hit someone

See also

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References

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  1. ^Vincentian Creole atEthnologue (24th ed., 2021)Closed access icon
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