The happiness of the subjects is the happiness of the king; their welfare is his. His own pleasure is not his good but the pleasure of his subjects is his good.

Kautilya was the author ofArthashastra, the earliest treatise on politics and economics in the world, and the mentor and Chief Minister ofChandragupta Maurya, the founder of theMaurya Empire.

Etymologically, "Kautilya" means "belonging toKutila", where the latter means "round" or "curvy".Kutila was a popular female name in the first millenium B.C., having been the name of one of the beautiful daughters ofMena andHimavan as perVamana Purana (representing the curvyGanges river originating in theHimalayas).^[1]Most modern Indian scripts are descendents of theKutila script, which was a "curvy" version of the Brahmi script. The name "Kautilya" represents the matrilineal heritage derived from a female ancestor ofKautilya, about whom all information has been now lost. "Maurya", likewise, represents thematrilineal heritage of Chandragupta. Both Kutila and Mura are remembered in the name of the famous Buddhist site "Kutila Mura" in the present day Bangladesh.^[2]Kautilya was also known as "Chanakya," which likely represents hispatrilineal heritage. The indigeneous matrilineal traditions of "Kutila Mura" present in the Gangetic plains at that time, are now lost, suppressed by thepatriarchical traditions of theAryan intruders. Despite the military victory of "matrilineal"kauntheyas andmadreyas over thekauravas in theMahabharatha battle, the conservative patriarchal traditions still won the propaganda war over the liberal traditions for centuries.

So, it is withKautilya. It has been made out that "kutila" is not curvy, but rather "crooked," andKautilya was supposedly called so because he practised "devious" means. For anybody that has read a bit ofArthashastra, it is fairly clear who is devious:Kautilya or his detractors. This kind of propaganda persists to this day by the inheritors of the reactionary patriarchal traditions, and we theKautilyas continue to battle them.

Kautilya lived in an age of Hindu revolution when the archaic superstitions of theVedic religion were jettisoned in favour of rational principles ofdharma.Valmiki'sRamayana andVyasa'sMahabharatha were composed during these times, with ethics based on rational debate, not by an appeal to an invisible cosmic order. Hindu religion was refashioned in terms of personal devotion to God instead of meaningless rituals. And this religion engaged in a vigorous debate and peaceful interaction withBuddhism,Jainism and possiblyChristianity. The Mauryan emperorAshoka, perhaps the greatest emperor of all times, established the principles of equal respect for all religions and prohibited religious persecution and bigotry.Ashoka'swheel of dharma adorns theflag of the present-day Indian Republic, representing its inheritance of these syncretic traditions. The 24 spokes of the wheel represent(1) Love(2) Courage(3) Patience(4) Peacefulness(5) Magnanimity(6) Goodness(7) Faithfulness(8) Gentleness(9) Selflessness(10) Self-Control(11) Self Sacrifice(12) Truthfulness(13) Righteousness(14) Justice(15) Mercy(16) Gracefulness(17) Humility(18) Empathy(19) Sympathy(20) Spiritual Knowledge(21) Moral Values(22) Spiritual Wisdom(23) The Fear of God (24) The Faith.

I hope to stand up for these values on Wikipedia.

I also edit mathematics and scientific articles under the user nameSindHind.

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