Umāma bint Abī al-ʿĀṣ ibn al-Rabīʿ (Arabic:أُمَامَة بِنْت أَبِي ٱلْعَاص ابْن ٱلرَّبِيْع), was a granddaughter of theIslamic prophetMuhammad andKhadija, via their daughterZaynab, and is thus also known asUmāma bint Zaynab (أُمَامَة بِنْت زَیْنَب). Muhammad was her maternal grandfather, and thus she is a member of hisAhl al-Bayt. She is also numbered among theCompanions of the Prophet.

She was the daughter ofAbu al-As ibn al-Rabi', who married Muhammad's eldest daughter Zaynab.^{[1]: 27–28, 163–164 [2]: 13, 162} She had one sibling,Ali.^[2]: 13 Her maternal aunts were Muhammad's daughtersRuqayya,Umm Kulthum andFatima.

When Umama was a small child, Muhammad used to carry her on his shoulder while he prayed. He used to put her down to prostrate and then pick her up again as he rose.^{[1]: 27, 163} Muhammad once promised to give an onyx necklace to "her whom I love best." His wives expected him to give it toAisha, but he presented it to Umama. On a different occasion, he gave her a gold ring that had arrived from the Emperor of Abyssinia.^{[1]: 27–28, 163–164}

Her aunt Fatima requested her husbandAli on her deathbed to marry her niece Umama because Umama had an intense attachment and love for Fatima's childrenHasan,Umm Kulthum,Zaynab and especiallyHusayn.^{[citation needed]} After Fatima died in 632, Umama married Ali.^{[1]: 164 [2]: 13, 162} They had two sons,Hilal (also known asMuhammad al-Awsat or Muhammad the Middle)^{[3]: 12 [4]} and Awn, both of whom died inIran, with the latter having beenkilled in a battle against Qays ibn Murra (the governor ofKhorasan), and the former dying naturally.^[5] Hilal was thought to have fathered a son, named Abu Hashim Abdullah ibn Muhammad, but his fate is not known.^[6][7]

Ali was martyred in 661, andMu'awiya I proposed to Umama. She consulted al-Mughira ibn Nawfal ibn al-Harith about this. He said that she should not marry "the son of the liver-eater (Hind bint Utba)" and offered to deal with the problem for her. When she agreed, he said, "I will marry you myself."^[1]: 28 This marriage produced one son, Yahya. It is uncertain whether she had any descendants beyond this.^[4] Umama accompanied al-Mughira into exile at al-Safri. She died therec. 680,[4] but it is also said that she died in 670 (50 AH).^[8]

• • indicates that the marriage order is disputed
• Note that direct lineage is marked inbold.

• Hejaz
• Banu Hashim
  • Muhammad's children
    • Genealogy of Khadija's daughters

• The Tribe of Quraish

• Women companions of the Prophet
• Family of Muhammad
• 670 deaths
• 7th-century women
• Wives of Shiite Imams
• Banu Abd Shams

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