Qingdao at Haifa port, Israel in 2012
Class overview
Builders	Jiangnan Shipyard
Operators	People's Liberation Army NavySurface Force
Preceded by	Type 051
Succeeded by	Type 051B
Built	1990 – 1996
In service	1994 – present
Completed	2
Active	2
General characteristics
Type	Guided-missile destroyer
Displacement	4,674 tons[1]
Length	144 m (472 ft 5 in)[1]
Beam	16 m (52 ft 6 in)[1]
Draught	5.1 m (16 ft 9 in)[1]
Propulsion	2 xGeneral Electric LM2500 gas turbines (55,000 shp (41,000 kW)) (112)[1] 2 x Zorya-Mashproekt DA80 gas turbines (48,600 shp (36,200 kW)) (113)[2][1] 2 xMTU 12V 1163 TB83 diesels (8,840 shp (6,600 kW))[1]
Speed	31 kn (57 km/h; 36 mph)[1]
Range	5,000 nmi (9,300 km; 5,800 mi) at 15 kn[1]
Complement	266[1]
Sensors and processing systems	Type 517B air search radar[1] Type 363S air/surface search radar[1] Type 364 surface search radar[1] Type 344 fire control radar[1] Type 345 fire control radar[1] DUBV 23 hull mounted sonar[1] Linear towed array sonar[1]
Electronic warfare & decoys	Rapids (ESM)[1] Scimitar (ECM)[1]
Armament	4 × 4YJ-83anti-ship missiles[1] 1 × 8-cellHQ-7SAM[1] 1 × twin 100 mm/56 gun[1] 2 xType 730 CIWS[1] 2 x triple 324 mm Whitehead B515 torpedo tubes carryingYu-7[1] 2 x 12-tube FQF 2500 ASW rocket launchers[1]
Aircraft carried	2helicopters:Harbin Z-9C[1]
Aviation facilities	Landing platform[1] Hangar[1] DCN Samahe 110N helicopter landing system[1]

TheType 052 (NATO/OSDLuhu-class destroyer^[3]) is aclass ofdestroyers developed in thePeople's Republic of China (PRC) for thePeople's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). The Type 052 was an intermediate between the obsolescentType 051^[4] and the modernType 052B destroyers.^[5][6] They were the first PLAN destroyers powered bygas turbines,^[6] and the first PLAN ships with modern combat direction systems (CDS).^[4] They were also part of the first generation of PLAN warships armed withsurface-to-air missiles in the form of the short-rangeCrotale (calledHQ-7 in Chinese service.)^[7]

The Type 052 used subsystems imported from theUnited States and theEuropean Union. The embargo after the1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre ended the supply of and support for those subsystems, limiting production to two ships^[4] and likely affecting their operating efficiency due to system integration issues.^[4] Afterward, China turned toRussia andUkraine for technology.^[8][5]

The Type 052 was the first PLAN warship where the CDS was designed before the ship.^[4] The CDS, possible the ZKJ-6 based on theItalian IPN-10 or IPN-20,^[9] began development in 1983 and underwent land-based testing in December 1986.^[4] Two ships were ordered in 1985, but delayed by export orders toThailand. The first,Harbin, was laid down in November 1990 and commissioned in July 1994.Qingdao was commissioned in March 1996.^[1]

In 2003,Harbin was refitted with a low radar profile 100mm gun turret in 2003;Qingdao followed in 2005.^[1]

A major refit began in 2010 forHarbin andQingdao in 2011 which included changes to sensors and weapons, gas turbine replacement, and some hull work.^[1]

The ships were completed with different gas turbines due to the embargo;Harbin with twoGeneral Electric LM2500s from the United States, andQingdao with two Zorya-Mashproekt DA80s fromUkraine.^[2]

The original sensors included theType 518 air search radar, theType 362 search radar,^[10] and the French^[11] DUBV-43 variable depth sonar.^[10] These were replaced during the 2010 refit with theType 517 radar, theType 362 radar, and a linear towed array sonar respectively.^[1]

The ships are armed with an octuple HQ-7/Crotale launcher, and a total of 32 missiles.^[1] France agreed to sell the missile systems in 1986, and they were delivered after October 1990.^[12]

FourType 76A twin 37 mm guns were installed at construction. They were removed during 2010 refit, and the aft pair replaced by a pair ofType 730 CIWS.^[1]

The CDS installed on the Type 052 is unclear.^[4][13] One ship may have received theThomson-CSF TAVITAC; the PRC bought two TAVITACs from France in the 1980s.^[14] The TAVITAC may be known as, or modified into, the ZKJ-5 CDS in PRC service.^[9] The other ship may have received the ZKJ-6.^[13][9]

The quarterdecks were built open, and enclosed during the 2010 refit.^[1]

The ships may have had severe survivability issues like earlier PLAN warships. Observations by foreign visitors toHarbin in March 1997 suggested limited damage control capability and crew safety features.^[4]

Qingdao participated in the PLAN's first cruise tocircumnavigate Earth in 2002. German technicians were flown in to repair its diesel engines during the cruise.^[11]

• 
  Harbin at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, in 1997 with the original main gun turret.
• 
  Harbin at Auckland, New Zealand, in 2007 with the low radar profile turret.
• 
  Qingdao in 2013 after the major refit.

• List of naval ship classes in service

Wikimedia Commons has media related toType 052 destroyer.

• Collins, Gabriel; Grubb, Michael C. (August 2008).A Comprehensive Survey of China's Dynamic Shipbuilding Industry. China Maritime Studies. Vol. 1.United States Naval War College.ISBN 978-1-884733-54-3. Retrieved18 March 2022.
• Kirchberger, Sarah (2015).Assessing China's Naval Power: Technological Innovation, Economic Constraints, and Strategic Implications. Global Power Shift. Springer.ISBN 978-3-662-47127-2.
• McDevitt, Michael (2017)."The Modern PLA Navy Destroyer Force".CSMI Red Book.14.United States Naval War College:55–65.ISBN 978-1-935352-45-7. Retrieved28 April 2019.

• Destroyer classes
• Type 052 destroyers

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• Commons category link is on Wikidata