Trzebiatów | |
|---|---|
 Town Hall | |
 Coat of arms | |
  Trzebiatów | |
| Coordinates:54°3′26″N15°16′43″E / 54.05722°N 15.27861°E /54.05722; 15.27861 | |
| Country |  Poland |
| Voivodeship | West Pomeranian |
| County | Gryfice |
| Gmina | Trzebiatów |
| Established | 9th century |
| City rights | 1277 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Marzena Domaradzka |
| Area | |
• Total | 10.14 km2 (3.92 sq mi) |
| Population (2016) | |
• Total | 10,119 |
| • Density | 1,000/km2 (2,600/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 72-320 |
| Car plates | ZGY |
| Website | http://www.trzebiatow.pl |
Trzebiatów (pronouncedTshe-bia-toof[tʂɛˈbjatuf];Kashubian:Trzébiatowò;German:Treptow an der Rega) is atown in theWest Pomeranian Voivodeship,Poland, with 10,119 inhabitants (2016). Trzebiatów is located on theRega River in the north-western part of Poland, roughly 9 kilometers south of theBaltic coast. The preserved Old Town of Trzebiatów is registered as a protected historical monument of Poland.[1]
The lowerRega area aroundGryfice and Trzebiatów was the site of a West SlavicLechiticgród (fortified settlement) in the 9th century. The territory became part of the emerging Polish state underMieszko I around 967.[2] It was part of theDuchy of Pomerania, which separated itself from Poland as a result of thefragmentation of Poland. The first recorded mention of the town comes from 1170 when the Pomeranian DukeCasimir I granted a few villages and oversight of a church in the town to settlers fromLund in Sweden. In the early 13th century Trzebiatów became the seat of DuchessAnastasia of Greater Poland, who rebuilt the old castle into her residence.[3] In 1224, Anastasia broughtPremonstratensian nuns to the town.[3] In the first half of the 13th century,German settlers invited by the Pomeranian DukeBarnim I began to settle in the area. In 1277, this settlement received town privileges under theLübeck Law. In 1416, the town became part of theHanseatic League,[1] then served as an important trade post and developed architecturally, with a typicalBrick Gothic-style influence. It had trading connections with major cities such asGdańsk andCopenhagen.[1]
In 1504,Johannes Bugenhagen moved to the town and becameRector of the local school.[4] On 13 December 1534 a diet was assembled in the town, where the DukesBarnim XI andPhilip I as well as the nobility officially introducedLutheranism to Pomerania, against the vote ofErasmus von Manteuffel-Arnhausen,Prince-Bishop of Cammin. In the following month Bugenhagen drafted the newchurch order (Kirchenordnung), founding the Pomeranian Lutheran church (today'sPomeranian Evangelical Church).[5][6][7]
As adowager, Sophia of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg (1579–1658), widow ofPhilip II, Duke of Pomerania, lived in Treptow. Sophia'sdower was a former nunnery, which she converted into a palace. While in Swedish service and thereafterDuke Francis Henry of Saxe-Lauenburg spent a lot of time with Duchess dowager Sophia in Treptow. Sophia's and Francis Henry's fathers were cousins. On 13 December 1637 Francis Henry and Marie Juliane of Nassau-Siegen (1612–1665) married in Treptow.[8] Their first child was born in Treptow in 1640.[9] Francis Henry also served Sophia as administrator of the estates pertaining to her dower.[9]
During theThirty Years' War, in 1630, the town was besieged by forces of theHoly Roman Empire.[10] In 1637Bogusław XIII died leaving the Pomeranian ducal house extinct. At this point the duchy came underSwedish occupation with the Brandenburgian electors claiming succession in Pomerania. After theThirty Years War the town became part ofBrandenburg-Prussia in thePeace of Westphalia of 1648. It was part of theprovince of Pomerania. During theSeven Years' War, the town was occupied byRussia.[10]
In 1750 the local palace was refurbished inclassicist style for GeneralFrederick Eugene of Württemberg, who resided there – with interruptions – until 1763. In the late 18th century the Polishnoblewoman and writerMaria Wirtemberska née Czartoryska resided at the palace,[3] and her early works and translations were created here. The painterJan Rustem visited her several times, and his paintings were part of the palace's art collection.[citation needed] The palace now houses a State public library, founded in 1946 and named after Maria Wirtemberska née Czartoryska since 1999.
In 1806 the town was captured and then occupied byFrance.[10] From 1871 to 1945 it former part of the German Reich.
DuringWorld War II, in February 1945, the German-perpetrateddeath march ofAllied prisoners-of-war from theStalag XX-BPOW camp passed through the town.[11] Near the end of the war, in February 1945, despite theapproaching front, the authorities did not permit the evacuation of the town's population. It was not until March 4 that the order to evacuate was issued, the day after remnants of the army had retreated from the town, leaving the civilian population to fend for itself.AlliedPolish and Russian forces then entered the town, and afterwards it became again part of Poland, although with a Soviet-installed communist regime, which stayed in power until theFall of Communism in the 1980s. The town's German population wasexpelled, and the town was resettled with Poles, in accordance with Potsdam Agreement.[12]
Since 1 January 1999, the town has been within West Pomerania Voivodeship, upon its formation from the former Szczecin and Koszalin Voivodeships.
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Trzebiatów's Day of the Buckwheat is a celebration during the first week of August. It is held in memory of the day when the town guard mistakenly dropped a hot bowl of buckwheat meal on invaders from the nearby town ofGryfice, alarming the whole town and ultimately saving it. Inhabitants of Trzebiatów celebrate that event with dances, concerts, competitions and by eating cereal with ham and bacon.
Trzebiatów istwinned with:
Brwinów, Poland
Großräschen, GermanyIstebna, Poland
Sjöbo, SwedenWandlitz, Germany{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
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