| Brooklyn Dodgers | |||||
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| Information | |||||
| League | National League (1890–1957) | ||||
| Ballpark | Ebbets Field (1913–1957) | ||||
| Established | 1883 | ||||
| Relocated | 1957 (toLos Angeles; became theLos Angeles Dodgers) | ||||
| Nickname(s) | Dem Bums | ||||
| World Series championships | 1 | ||||
| National League pennant | 12 | ||||
| Chronicle-Telegraph Cup | 1 | ||||
| Former name(s) | |||||
| Former league(s) | American Association (1884–1889) | ||||
| Former ballparks | |||||
| Colors | Dodger blue, white | ||||
| Retired numbers | |||||
| Ownership | List of owners
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| President | List of presidents
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| General manager | List of general managers
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| Manager | List of managers
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TheBrooklyn Dodgers were aMajor League Baseball team founded in 1883 as theBrooklyn Grays. In 1884, it became a member of theAmerican Association as theBrooklyn Atlantics before joining theNational League in 1890. They remained inBrooklyn, New York, until 1957, after which the club moved toLos Angeles, California, where it continuesits history as theLos Angeles Dodgers. The team moved west at the same time as its longtime rival, theNew York Giants, moved toSan Francisco in northern California as theSan Francisco Giants.[1]
The team's name derived from the reputed skill of Brooklyn residents at evadingthe city's trolley streetcars. The name is a shortened form of one of their former names, theBrooklyn Trolley Dodgers, and they later earned the respectful nicknameDem Bums.[citation needed] The Dodgers played in two stadiums inSouth Brooklyn, each namedWashington Park, and atEastern Park in the neighborhood ofBrownsville before moving toEbbets Field in the neighborhood ofCrown Heights in 1912. The team is noted for signingJackie Robinson in 1947 as the first black player in the modern major leagues.[1]
The Brooklyn Dodgers had an overall win–loss record of 5,624–5,290–133 (.515) during their 68 years in Brooklyn. Eight former Brooklyn Dodgers players were elected to theNational Baseball Hall of Fame.
Many of the clubs represented at the first convention of theNational Association of Base Ball Players (NABBP) were from Brooklyn, including theAtlantic,Eckford, andExcelsior clubs that combined to dominate play for most of the 1860s. Brooklyn helped make baseball commercial, as the locale of the first paid admission games, a series of three all star contests matching New York and Brooklyn in 1858. Brooklyn also featured the first two enclosed baseball grounds, theUnion Grounds and theCapitoline Grounds; enclosed, dedicated ballparks accelerated the evolution fromamateurism toprofessionalism.
Despite the early success of Brooklyn clubs in the NABBP, which were officially amateur until 1869, they fielded weak teams in the succeedingNational Association of Professional Base Ball Players (NAPBBP), the first professional league formed in 1871. The Excelsiors no longer challenged for the amateur championship after theCivil War (1861–1865) and never entered the professional NAPBBP (aka NA). The Eckfords and Atlantics declined to join until 1872 and thereby lost their best players; the Eckfords survived only one season and the Atlantics four, with losing teams.
TheNational League (NL) replaced the NAPBBP in 1876 and granted exclusive territories to its eight members, excluding the Atlantics in favor of theMutual Club of New York who had shared home grounds with the Atlantics. When the Mutuals were expelled by the league, theHartford club moved in, the press dubbing themThe Brooklyn Hartfords,[2] and played its home games at Union Grounds in 1877 before disbanding.
The team currently known as the Dodgers was formed in 1883 by real estate magnate and baseball enthusiastCharles Byrne, who convinced his brother-in-lawJoseph Doyle and casino operatorFerdinand Abell to start the team with him. Byrne arranged to build a grandstand on a lot bounded by Third Street, Fourth Avenue, Fifth Street, and Fifth Avenue, and named itWashington Park in honor of first presidentGeorge Washington.[3]
Nicknamed by reporters the"Grays" for their uniforms, the team played in the minor leagueInter-State Association of Professional Baseball Clubs that first season. Doyle became the first team manager, and they drew 6,431 fans to their first home game on May 12, 1883, against theTrenton, New Jersey team. The Grays won the league title after theCamden Merritt club inNew Jersey disbanded on July 20 and Brooklyn picked up some of its better players. The Grays were invited to join the two-year-old professional circuit, theAmerican Association (founded 1882) to compete with the eight-year-old NL for the 1884 season.[4]
After winning the American Association league championship in 1889, the Brooklyn club (very occasionally now nicknamed theBridegrooms orGrooms, for six players having wed during the 1888 season) moved to the competing olderNational League (1876) and won the 1890 NL Championship, being the only Major League team to win consecutive championships in both professional "base ball" leagues.[5] They lost the1889 championship tournament to theNew York Giants and tied the1890 championship withLouisville. Their success during this period was partly attributed to their having absorbed skilled players from the defunct AANew York Metropolitans and one-yearPlayers' League entry theBrooklyn Ward's Wonders. The middle years of the decade were disappointing, a slump the Spalding Guide rather primly ascribed to management tolerating drunkenness among the players.[6]
Over the 1890s,Charles Ebbets accumulated shares in the club, owning 80% of it by decade's end. Other shares were held byHarry Von der Horst—owner of theBaltimore Orioles team that won consecutive championships in 1894, 1895, and 1896—and Orioles managerNed Hanlon. In 1899, Von der Horst and Hanlon moved most of the Orioles' stars from Baltimore to join the Grays (Bridegrooms) in Brooklyn; Hanlon became the team's manager. The press, inspired by the popular circus actThe Hanlons' Superba, dubbed the new combined team theBrooklyn Superbas. In 1899 and in 1900, they were thechampions of the National League.
The name Brooklyn Trolley Dodgers was first used to describe the team in 1895.[7] The nickname was still new enough in September 1895 that a newspaper reported that "'Trolley Dodgers' is the new name which eastern baseball cranks [fans] have given the Brooklyn club."[8] In 1895, Brooklyn played at Eastern Park, bounded by Eastern Parkway (now Pitkin Avenue), Powell Street, Sutter Avenue, Van Sinderen Street,[3] where they had moved early in the 1891 season, when thesecond Washington Park burned down.[9]
Some sources erroneously report that the name "Trolley Dodgers" referred to pedestrians avoiding fast cars on street car tracks that bordered Eastern Park on two sides. However, Eastern Park was not bordered by street-level trolley lines that had to be "dodged" by pedestrians.[9] The name "Trolley Dodgers" implied the dangers posed by trolley cars in Brooklyn generally, which in 1892, began the switch from horse-power to electrical power, which made them much faster, and were hence regarded as more dangerous.[7][10] The name was later shortened toBrooklyn Dodgers.[11]
Other team names used to refer to the franchise that finally came to be called "the Dodgers" were theAtlantics (1884, not directly related to the earlierBrooklyn Atlantics),Bridegrooms orGrooms (1888–1898),[12]Ward's Wonders,[13] theSuperbas (1899–1910),[14] and theRobins (1914–1931), named for longtime manager Wilbert Robinson.[15] All of these nicknames were used by fans and newspaper sports writers to describe the team, often concurrently, but not in any official capacity. The team's legal name was theBrooklyn Base Ball Club.[16]
The "Trolley Dodgers" nickname was used throughout this period, along with other nicknames, by fans and sports writers of the day. The team did not use the name in a formal sense until 1916, when the name was printed on home World Series programs. The word "Dodgers" appeared on team jerseys in 1932.[17] The "conclusive shift" came in 1933, when both home and road jerseys for the team bore the name "Dodgers".[18]
Examples of how the many popularized names of the team were used interchangeably are available from newspaper articles from the period before 1932. ANew York Times article describing a game the Dodgers played in 1916 starts out by referring to how "Jimmy Callahan, pilot of the Pirates, did his best to wreck the hopes the Dodgers have of gaining the National League pennant", but then goes on to comment, "the only thing that saved the Superbas from being toppled from first place was that the Phillies lost one of the two games played."[19]
Most baseball statistics sites and baseball historians generally now refer to the pennant-winning 1916 Brooklyn team as the Robins; on the other hand, theBrooklyn Daily Eagle used "Superbas" in its box scores that season. A 1918New York Times article used the nickname Robins in its title "Buccaneers Take Last From Robins", but the subtitle of the article reads "Subdue The Superbas By 11 To 4, Making Series An Even Break".[20][21] Space-conscious headline writers still used "the Flock" (derived from "Robins") during the Dodgers' last decade in Brooklyn.[22]
Another example of the interchangeability of different nicknames is found on the program issued at Ebbets Field for the1920 World Series, which identifies the matchup in the series as "Dodgers vs. Indians", despite the fact that the Robins nickname had been in consistent usage at this point for around six years.[23]
For most of the first half of the 20th century, no Major League Baseball team employed a black player. A parallel system ofNegro leagues developed, but most of the Negro league players were denied a chance to prove their skill before a national audience.Jackie Robinson became the first African-American to play Major League baseball in the 20th century when he played his first major league game on April 15, 1947, as a member of the Brooklyn Dodgers. Robinson's entry into the league was mainly due to General ManagerBranch Rickey's efforts.[24]
The deeply religious Rickey's motivation appears to have been primarily moral, although business considerations were also present. Rickey was a member ofthe Methodist Church, the antecedent denomination to theUnited Methodist Church of today, which was a strong advocate forsocial justice and active later in theCivil Rights Movement.[24] Rickey saw his opportunity with the 1944 death of CommissionerKenesaw Mountain Landis, an arch-segregationist and enforcer of the color barrier.
Besides selecting Robinson for his exceptional baseball skills, Rickey also considered Robinson's outstanding personal character, hisUCLA education and rank of captain in the U.S. Army in his decision, since he knew thatboos, taunts, and criticism were going to be directed at Robinson, and that Robinson had to be tough enough to withstand abuse without attempting to retaliate.[25]
The inclusion of Robinson on the team also led the Dodgers to move itsspring training site. Prior to 1946, the Dodgers held their spring training inJacksonville, Florida. However, the city's stadium refused to host an exhibition game with theMontreal Royals – the Dodgers’ own farm club – on whose roster Robinson appeared at the time, citing segregation laws. NearbySanford similarly declined. Ultimately, City Island Ballpark inDaytona Beach agreed to host the game with Robinson on the field. The team traveled to Havana, Cuba for spring training in 1947, this time with Robinson on the big club. Although the Dodgers ultimately built Dodgertown and itsHolman Stadium further south inVero Beach, and played there for 61 spring training seasons from 1948 through 2008, Daytona Beach renamed City Island Ballpark toJackie Robinson Ballpark in his honor.
This event marked the continuation of the integration of professional sports in the United States, with professional football having led the way in 1946, with the concomitant demise of theNegro leagues, and is regarded as a key moment in the history of the American civil rights movement. Robinson was an exceptional player, a speedyrunner who sparked the team with his intensity. He was the inaugural recipient of theRookie of the Year award, which is now named the Jackie Robinson award in his honor. The Dodgers' willingness to integrate, when most other teams refused to, was a key factor in their 1947–1956 success. They won six pennants in those 10 years with the help of Robinson, three-time MVPRoy Campanella, Cy Young Award winnerDon Newcombe,Jim Gilliam, andJoe Black. Robinson eventually became the first African-American elected to theBaseball Hall of Fame in 1962.
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After the wilderness years of the 1920s and 1930s, the Dodgers were rebuilt into a contending club first by general managerLarry MacPhail and then the legendaryBranch Rickey. Led byJackie Robinson,Pee Wee Reese, andGil Hodges in the infield,Duke Snider andCarl Furillo in the outfield,Roy Campanella behind the plate, andDon Newcombe,Carl Erskine, andPreacher Roe on the pitcher's mound, the Dodgers won pennants in1941,1947,1949,1952, and1953, only to fall to theNew York Yankees in all five of the subsequent World Series.The annual ritual of building excitement, followed in the end by disappointment, became a common pattern to the long suffering fans, and"Wait ’til next year!" became an unofficial Dodger slogan.
While the Dodgers generally enjoyed success during this period, in1951 they fell victim to one of the largest collapses in the history of baseball.[26] On August 11,1951, Brooklyn led the National League by an enormous13+1⁄2 games over their archrivals, theGiants. While the Dodgers went 26–22 from that time until the end of the season, the Giants went on an absolute tear, winning an amazing 37 of their last 44 games, including their last seven in a row. At the end of the season the Dodgers and the Giants were tied for first place, forcing a three-game playoff for the pennant.
The Giants took Game 1 by a score of 3–1 before being shut out by the Dodgers'Clem Labine in Game 2, 10–0. It all came down to the final game, and Brooklyn seemed to have the pennant locked up, holding a 4–2 lead in the bottom of the ninth inning. Giants outfielderBobby Thomson, however, hit a stunning three-runwalk-off home run off the Dodgers'Ralph Branca to secure theNL Championship forNew York. To this day Thomson's home run is known as theShot Heard 'Round The World.
In 1955, by which time the core of the Dodger team was beginning to age, "next year" finally came. The fabled "Boys of Summer" shot down the "Bronx Bombers" in seven games,[27] led by the first-class pitching of young left-handerJohnny Podres, whose key pitch was achangeup known as "pulling down the lampshade" because of the arm motion used right when the ball was released.[28] Podres won two Series games, including the deciding seventh. The turning point of Game 7 was a spectacular double play that began with left fielderSandy Amorós running downYogi Berra's long fly ball, then throwing toshortstopPee Wee Reese, who relayed to first basemanGil Hodges to double up a surprisedGil McDougald to preserve the Dodger lead.Hank Bauer grounded out and the Dodgers won 2–0.
Although theDodgers lost the World Series to theYankees in1956 during which the Yankees pitcherDon Larsen pitched the only World Seriesperfect game in baseball history and the only post-season no-hitter for the next 54 years, it hardly seemed to matter. Brooklyn fans had their memory of triumph, and soon that was all they were left with – a victory that was remembered decades later in theBilly Joel single "We Didn't Start the Fire", which included the line, "Brooklyn's got a winning team."
Lawyer and real estate businessmanWalter O'Malley had acquired majority ownership of the Dodgers in 1950, when he bought Rickey's 25 percent share of the team and secured the support of the widow of another equal partner,John L. Smith. Soon O'Malley was working to buy new land in Brooklyn for a new, more accessible and better ballpark thanEbbets Field. Beloved as it was, Ebbets Field had grown old and was not well served by vehicular infrastructure, to the point where the Dodgers could not "sell out" the park to maximum capacity even in the heat of a pennant race, despite dominating the league from1946 to1957.
New York City Construction CoordinatorRobert Moses sought to force O'Malley into using a site inFlushing Meadows,Queens – the eventual location ofShea Stadium (which opened in 1964), the home of the futureNew York Mets, who began play in 1962. Moses' vision involved a city-built, city-owned park, which was greatly at odds with O'Malley's real-estate savvy. When O'Malley realized that he was not going to be allowed to buy a suitable parcel of land in Brooklyn, he began thinking of moving the team.
O'Malley was free to purchase land of his own choosing, but wanted Robert Moses to condemn a parcel of land along theAtlantic Railroad Yards indowntown Brooklyn under Title I authority, after O'Malley had bought the bulk of the land he had in mind. Title I gave the city municipality power to condemn land for the purpose of building what it calls "public purpose" projects. Moses' interpretation of "public purpose" included public parks, housing, highways, and bridges.[29]
What O'Malley wanted was for Moses to use Title I authority, rather than to pay market value for the land. With Title I the city via Robert Moses could have sold the land to O'Malley at a below market price. Moses refused to honor O'Malley's request and responded, "If you want the land so bad, why don't you purchase it with your own money?".[29]
Meanwhile, non-stop transcontinental airline travel had become routine during the years since the Second World War. Teams were no longer bound by much slower railroad infrastructure. Because of advances in civil aviation, it became possible to locate teams farther apart – as far west as California – while maintaining the same busy game schedules.
WhenLos Angeles officials attended the1956 World Series looking to entice a team to move there, they were not even thinking of the Dodgers. Their original target had been theWashington Senators franchise, which eventually moved toBloomington, Minnesota to become theMinnesota Twins in1961. At the same time, O'Malley was looking for a contingency in case Moses and other New York politicians refused to let him build the Brooklyn stadium he wanted, and sent word to the Los Angeles officials that he was interested in talking. Los Angeles offered him what New York did not: a chance to buy land somewhat suitable for building a ballpark, and the chance to own that ballpark, giving him complete control over all its revenue streams. At the same time, the National League was not willing to approve the Dodgers' move unless O'Malley found a second team willing to join them out west, largely out of concern for travel costs.[30]
Meanwhile, Giants ownerHorace Stoneham was having similar difficulty finding a replacement for his team's antiquated home stadium, thePolo Grounds. Unlike O'Malley, Stoneham did not engage in a serious effort to identify a location for a replacement for the Polo Grounds. Stoneham was considering moving the Giants to Minneapolis, but was persuaded instead to move them to San Francisco, ensuring that the Dodgers had a National League rival closer than St. Louis. So the two arch-rival teams, the Dodgers and Giants, moved out to the West Coast together after the 1957 season.
The Brooklyn Dodgers played their final game at Ebbets Field on September 24,1957, which theDodgers won 2–0 over thePittsburgh Pirates.
On April 18,1958, the Los Angeles Dodgers played their first game in L.A., defeating the former New York and newly moved and renamedSan Francisco Giants, 6–5, before 78,672 fans at theLos Angeles Memorial Coliseum.[31] CatcherRoy Campanella, left partially paralyzed in an off-season automobile accident on January 28, 1958, was never able to play for the Dodgers in Los Angeles.
After the 1957 season, the Brooklyn Dodgers andNew York Giantsrelocated from New York to California to become theLos Angeles Dodgers andSan Francisco Giants, leaving the largest city in the United States with no National League franchise and only one major league team, theNew York Yankees of theAmerican League (AL). With the threat of a New York team joining the newContinental League, the National Leagueexpanded by adding the New York Mets following a proposal fromWilliam Shea. In a symbolic reference to New York's earlier National League teams, the new team took as its primary colors the blue of the Dodgers and the orange of the Giants, both of which are colors also featured on theflag of New York City. The nickname "Mets" was adopted: being a natural shorthand to the club's corporate name, the "New York Metropolitan Baseball Club, Inc.",[32][33][34] which hearkened back to the "Metropolitans" (a New York team in theAmerican Association from 1880 to 1887),[35] and its brevity was advantageous for newspaper headlines.[36]
The historic and heated rivalry between the Dodgers and theGiants is more than a century old. It began when the Dodgers and Giants faced each other in the 1889 World Series, the ancestor of the Subway Series, and both played in separate, neighboring cities. Brooklyn and New York were separate cities until 1898, when they became neighboring boroughs of the newly consolidated New York City. When both franchises moved toCalifornia after the 1957 season, the rivalry was easily transplanted, as the cities ofLos Angeles andSan Francisco have long been economic, political, and cultural rivals, representative of the broaderSouthern/Northern California divide.
ManagerWilbert Robinson, another formerOriole, popularly known as "Uncle Robbie", restored the Brooklyn team to respectability. His "Brooklyn Robins" reached the1916 and1920 World Series, losing both, but contending perennially for several seasons.[37] Charles Ebbets and Ed McKeever died within a week of each other in 1925, and Robbie was named president while still field manager.[38] Upon assuming the title of president, however, Robinson's ability to focus on the field declined, and the teams of the late 1920s were often fondly referred to as the "Daffiness Boys" for their distracted, error-ridden style of play.[39]
OutfielderBabe Herman was the leader both in hitting and in zaniness. The signature Dodger play from this era occurred when three players –Dazzy Vance,Chick Fewster, and Herman – ended up at third base at the same time. The play is often remembered as Herman "tripling into a triple play", though only two of the three players were declared out and Herman was credited with a double rather than a triple.[40] Herman later complained that no one remembered that he drove in the winning run on the play. The incident led to the popular joke:
After his removal as club president, Robinson returned to managing, and the club's performance rebounded somewhat.[39]
When Robinson retired in 1931, he was replaced as manager byMax Carey, who had played for the team from 1926 until 1929.[39] Although some suggested renaming the "Robins" the "Brooklyn Canaries", after Carey, whose last name was originally "Carnarius", the name "Brooklyn Dodgers" returned to stay following Robinson's retirement.[39] It was during this era thatWillard Mullin, a noted sportscartoonist, fixed the Brooklyn team with the lovable nickname of "Dem Bums". After hearing his cab driver ask, "So how did those bums do today?", Mullin decided to sketch an exaggerated version of famed circus clownEmmett Kelly to represent the Dodgers in his much-praised cartoons in theNew York World-Telegram. Both image and nickname caught on, so much so that many a Dodger yearbook cover, from 1951 through 1957, featured a Willard Mullin illustration of the Brooklyn Bum.
Perhaps the highlight of the Daffiness Boys era came after Wilbert Robinson left the dugout.[39] In1934, Giants player/managerBill Terry was asked about the Dodgers’ chances in the coming pennant race and cracked infamously, "Is Brooklyn still in the league?" Managed then byCasey Stengel, who played for the Dodgers in the 1910s and went on to greatness managing theNew York Yankees,[39] the1934 Dodgers were determined to make their presence felt. As it happened, the season entered its final games with theGiants tied with theSt. Louis Cardinals for the pennant, with the Giants’ remaining games against the Dodgers. Stengel led his Bums to thePolo Grounds for the showdown, and they beat the Giants twice to knock them out of the pennant race.[39] The "Gashouse Gang" Cardinals nailed the pennant by beating theCincinnati Reds those same two days.[39]
One key development during this era was the 1938 appointment ofLeland "Larry" MacPhail as Dodgers' general manager.[39] MacPhail, who brought night games to Major League Baseball as general manager of the Reds, also started night baseball in Brooklyn and ordered the successful refurbishing of Ebbets Field.[39] He also brought Reds voiceRed Barber to Brooklyn as the Dodgers' lead announcer in 1939, just after MacPhail broke the New York baseball executives' agreement to ban live baseball broadcasts, enacted because of the fear of the effect of radio calls on the home teams' attendance.
MacPhail remained with the Dodgers until 1942, when he returned to the Armed Forces for World War II. He later became one of the Yankees' co-owners, bidding unsuccessfully for Barber to join him in the Bronx as announcer.
The first major-league baseball game to be televised wasBrooklyn's 6–1 victory overCincinnati at Ebbets Field on August 26, 1939.Batting helmets were introduced to Major League Baseball by the Dodgers in 1941.
The Cardinals–Dodgers rivalry was particularly intense from 1941 through 1949.[42][43][44] In his autobiography written in 1948,Leo Durocher, who managed the Dodgers for most of the 1940s, described the Cardinals as being "our old rivals."[45] During this period, the Cardinals won the National League pennant 4 times (with the Dodgers finishing 2nd twice) and the Dodgers won the National League pennant 3 times (with the Cardinals finishing 2nd each time). In 1942 the Cardinals overcame a 10 game Dodger lead in early August to win the pennant.[46] In 1946 the Cardinals and Dodgers finished the regular season tied for first place but the Cardinals won the pennant when they prevailed in the first everplayoff tiebreaker in the National League.[47] CardinalHall of FamerEnos Slaughter said during this period of the Cardinals–Dodgers rivalry that "We loved to hate them and they loved to hate us."[48]
During this period, after the 1942 season,Branch Rickey, who had built up the Cardinals farm system as their general manager moved to become the Dodgers' general manager.[47] In 1947, after Rickey broke the color line by signingJackie Robinson to the Dodgers, there were rumors that southerners playing for the Cardinals were planning to boycott games against the Dodgers, although the players later denied it.[49] In general, the Cardinals were latecomers to integration. Front-office executiveBing Devine said the owner from 1947 to 1953,Fred Saigh, refused to sign black players. There was a widespread belief that St. Louis was, in many ways, a Southern city. In the mid-1950s many of its stores and restaurants refused to serve black customers. The Cardinals, with baseball’s largest radio network blanketing the Midwest and South, had cultivated white Southern fans. Their ballpark was also the last in the majors to abolish segregated seating.[50][51] Because of their lack of black players, the Cardinals play suffered on the field tremendously in the 1950s. Meanwhile, with the success of Robinson, the Dodgers doubled down on the opportunity to sign players of color from theNegro leagues. In the subsequent years after their pennant-winning season in1947, they would signDon Newcombe,Roy Campanella, andJim Gilliam from the Negro leagues, adding to an already tremendous team. The Dodgers made the World Series in1949,1952,1953,1955, and1956 (winning championships in 1955) and were a historic pennant race away from making it in1951, in part because they were the first to accept African American players. The 1951 season included a 14-game winning streak for the Dodgers against the Cardinals, the longest such streak in the rivalry.
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The Dodgers have retired seven numbers in the history of the franchise related to its tenure in Brooklyn. The following are of those whose contributions to the Dodgers took place either entirely or significantly in Brooklyn.
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In 1997, 50 years after he broke thecolor barrier and 25 years after the Dodgers retired his number, Robinson's No. 42 was retired throughout Major League Baseball. Robinson is the only major league baseball player so honored. Starting in the 2007 season,Jackie Robinson Day (April 15, commemorating the Opening Day of Robinson's rookie season of 1947) has featured many or all players and coaches wearing the number 42 as a tribute to Robinson.
In 2019, the Dodgers established "Legends of Dodger Baseball", which is meant to honor Dodger greats whose numbers have not been retired.[52] The program honors those who made an "impact on the franchise, both on and off the field." Recipients are recognized with plaques at Dodger Stadium.[53] Of these players, only one was primarily a Brooklyn Dodgers.
A2007HBO film,Brooklyn Dodgers: The Ghosts of Flatbush, is a documentary covering the Dodgers history from early days to the beginning of the Los Angeles era. In the film, the story is related that O'Malley was so hated by Brooklyn Dodger fans after the move to California, that it was said: "If you asked a Brooklyn Dodger fan, if you had a gun with only two bullets in it and were in a room with Hitler, Stalin, and O'Malley, who would you shoot? The answer: O'Malley, twice!"
The next day, according to Johnson, San Francisco officials met with Stoneham. By then the Dodgers were looking hard at Los Angeles. O'Malley needed the Giants because National League owners, concerned about travel costs, would not approve only one team going across the country.
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{{cite book}}:ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)| Awards and achievements | ||
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| Preceded by | World Series champions Brooklyn Dodgers 1955 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | National League champions Brooklyn Bridegrooms 1890 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | National League champions Brooklyn Superbas 1899–1900 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | National League champions Brooklyn Robins 1916 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | National League champions Brooklyn Robins 1920 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | National League champions Brooklyn Dodgers 1941 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | National League champions Brooklyn Dodgers 1947 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | National League champions Brooklyn Dodgers 1949 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | National League champions Brooklyn Dodgers 1952–1953 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | National League champions Brooklyn Dodgers 1955–1956 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | American Association champions Brooklyn Bridegrooms 1889 | Succeeded by |
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