 d-Threose | |
 l-Threose | |
| Names | |
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| IUPAC names | |
| Systematic IUPAC name (2S,3R)-2,3,4-Trihydroxybutanal (d) (2R,3S)-2,3,4-Trihydroxybutanal (l) | |
| Other names Threotetrose | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ChEBI | |
| ChemSpider |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.002.199 |
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| UNII |
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| Properties | |
| C4H8O4 | |
| Molar mass | 120.104 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Syrup |
| Very soluble | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Threose is a four-carbonmonosaccharide withmolecular formula C4H8O4. It has a terminalaldehyde group, rather than aketone, in its linear chain and so is considered part of thealdose family of monosaccharides. The threose name can be used to refer to both thed- andl-stereoisomers and more generally to theracemic mixture (d/L-, equal partsD- andL-) as well as to the more generic threose structure (absolute stereochemistry unspecified).
The prefix "threo-" which derives from threose (and "erythro-" from a correspondingdiastereomererythrose) offer a useful way to describe general organic structures with adjacent chiral centers, where "the prefixes... designate the relative configuration of the centers".[3] As is depicted in aFischer projection ofd-threose, the adjacent substituents will have asyn orientation in the isomer referred to as "threo", and areanti in the isomer referred to as "erythro".[3][4]
Although often inconsequential, threose in aqueous solution mainly exists as the hydrate owing to the following equilibrium:[5]
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