Stephen Chow | |||||||||||||||||
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周星馳 | |||||||||||||||||
.JPG) Chow in 2008 | |||||||||||||||||
| Born | Stephen Chow Sing-chi (1962-06-22)22 June 1962 (age 62) | ||||||||||||||||
| Occupation(s) | Director, actor, comedian, screenwriter, producer | ||||||||||||||||
| Years active | As a director: 1994–present As an actor: 1982–2008 | ||||||||||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 周星馳 | ||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 周星驰 | ||||||||||||||||
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Stephen Chow Sing-chi[1] (Chinese:周星馳; born 22 June 1962) is aHong Kong filmmaker and former actor,[2][3] known for hismo lei tau comedy. His career began in television, where he gained recognition through variety shows and TV dramas. Chow's breakthrough came in 1989 with the comedy dramasThe Final Combat andThe Justice of Life, the latter marking the beginning of his on-screen collaboration withNg Man-tat. He consecutively broke Hong Kong’s box office records in the next two years with filmsAll for the Winner (1990) andFight Back to School (1991), cementing his status as one of the region's most popular comedic actors.
Since the early 1990s, Chow began working as a screenwriter and director, serving as a de facto director forFlirting Scholar (1993) before receiving his first directorial credit withFrom Beijing with Love (1994).[4] His first two attempts at Hong Kong–mainland co-productions,Flirting Scholar and the two-part tragicomedyA Chinese Odyssey (1995), received mixed reviews and underperformed at the box office in both markets upon release. However, they gained popularity over time, and by the 2000s,A Chinese Odyssey had particularly elevated his status as an icon in China.
In 2001, he directed and starred inShaolin Soccer (2001), which brought him international recognition, furthered byKung Fu Hustle (2004). His final on-screen performance was inCJ7 (2008), after which he transitioned fully to filmmaking, achieving great success with comedies such asJourney to the West (2013) andThe Mermaid (2016).
Stephen Chow was born inHong Kong on 22 June 1962 to Ling Po-yee (凌寶兒), an alumna ofGuangzhou Normal University, and Chow Yik-sheung (周驛尚), an immigrant fromNingbo,Zhejiang.[5] Chow has an elder sister named Chow Man-kei (周文姬) and a younger sister named Chow Sing-ha (周星霞).[6] Chow'sgiven name "Sing-chi" (星馳) derives fromTang dynasty (618–907) Chinese poetWang Bo's essayPreface to the Prince of Teng's Pavilion.[7] After his parents divorced when he was seven, Chow was raised by his mother.[7] Chow attended Heep Woh Primary School, a missionary school attached to theHong Kong Council of the Church of Christ in China inPrince Edward Road,Kowloon Peninsula.[8] When he was nine, he sawBruce Lee's filmThe Big Boss, which inspired him to become a martial arts star.[9] Chow entered San Marino Secondary School, where he studied alongsideLee Kin-yan.[9] After graduation, he joined theTVB's acting classes.[10]
Chow began his career as anextra forRediffusion Television. Around 1980 he applied for TVB's famous artist training course[11] alongside his friend,Tony Leung Chiu-wai.[12] Leung Chiu-wai won a place in the class, but Chow was rejected and became an office assistant for a shipping company, a job he describes as "so boring."[13] A year later, his friend and neighbor, Jaime Chik Mei-jan, a veteran of the previous year's training course, put in a word for Chow[14] and he was admitted to the 1982 training class.
He captured the attention of the public as host of theTVB Jade children's program430 Space Shuttle.[15][16] He stayed with the show for five years.[17] Producer and actor Danny Lee signed him to a two year contract with his company, Magnum Films,[18] and cast him in a supporting role in the crime dramaFinal Justice (1988),[19] which won him theGolden Horse Award for Best Supporting Actor at the Golden Horse Awards.
For the next two years, Chow capitalized on that success, working non-stop. He shot to further television stardom in the TVBwuxia series,The Final Combat (1989).[20] In addition to shooting the 30 episodes ofThe Final Combat, he also appeared in 12 feature films during that same period,[21] most of them triad movies, action films, or dramas.Jeff Lau directed him in the police thriller,Thunder Cops II (1989), and remembered him in early 1990 when producer Ng See-yuen tried to capitalize on the success of the previous year's hit Chow Yun-fat vehicle,God of Gamblers. Chow would not return to shoot a sequel and so, sensing a hole in the marketplace, Ng hired Jeff Lau to direct a parody.[22] Remembering his work with Stephen Chow, Lau hired him to star, pairing him withSharla Cheung (who would appear as Chow's co-star in 12 more films)[23] andNg Man-tat, a big star in the Seventies before a gambling addiction wrecked his career. He was then trying to make a comeback as a character actor.[24]
All for the Winner (1990) became the highest grossing Hong Kong film of all time and the number one film for the year.[25] Wong Jing hired Chow to star in the official sequelsGod of Gamblers II (1990)[26] andGod of Gamblers III: Back to Shanghai (1991)[27] sequels which Wong wrote and directed (Chow Yun-fat would return to the role he made famous in 1994'sGod of Gamblers Return,[28] also written and directed by Wong). Lau had vowed never to work with Stephen Chow again afterAll for the Winner[29] and so when it came time to make the sequel to that hit, Stephen Chow only appeared in a brief cameo.[30]
AfterAll for the Winner, Chow had two more major hits,God of Gamblers II andTricky Brains that grossed HK$40 million[31] and HK$31 million respectively[32] at the box office, but they were followed by what appeared to be a fall from grace as the sequel toAll for the Winner,The Top Bet, under-performed at the local box office,[33] and his next films,Legend of the Dragon andFist of Fury 1991 failed to crack the HK$25 million barrier.[34][35]City Entertainment magazine reported that Chow's career was over and he was repeating himself after the hit that wasAll for the Winner.[36] Win's Entertainment courted writer and director Gordon Chan to helm Chow's next project,Fight Back to School (1991). Chan claims he was unsatisfied with the script and rewrote the film as an outline with 15 bullet points and the rest of the movie was improvised.[36] The result was a movie that cast Chow in a heroic lead role and the result was HK$43 million at the local box office, a new franchise (there would be sequels in1992 and1993), and in what's considered a local benchmark of success, it represented the first time Chow unseated Jackie Chan from the number one spot at the Hong Kong box office.
Over the next decade, Chow appeared in more than 40 films.[37] and wind up taking the number one spot at the box office eight times over the course of his career.[38] Often, more than one of his movies would appear in the top ten, as in 1992 when all five of the top spots were held by Chow's films.[39] (Jackie Chan would not retake the number one spot until 1995.[40])
In 1994, Chow teamed up with directorLee Lik-chi and writerVincent Kok forLove On Delivery,[41] a movie that would only be the sixth highest-grossing movie of the year, a significant step down in status. Fortunately, Chow re-teamed with Kok and Lee again that same year for a James Bond parody he's credited as co-writing and co-directing, andFrom Beijing with Love[42] became the number three movie at the annual box office, beaten only by Chow Yun-fat's return to theGod of Gamblers franchise and Jackie Chan's return to the character of a young Wong Fei-hung inDrunken Master II,[43] a character he'd last played in 1978 in the firstDrunken Master.[44]
Around this time, Chow established his own film production company, Choi Sing Company (variously translated as Caixing Film Company and Hong Kong Color Star Film Company),[45] and approached Jeff Lau about writing and directing his next movie. Lau told Chow that if he kept making the same movie over and over again he would never find popularity with female audiences and he needed to play a romantic lead. In a hotel meeting, he pitched Chow on filming a two-part adaptation of the classic Chinese novel, Journey to the West, and Chow agreed.[46] In order to shoot on Mainland locations the movie became a Mainland-Hong Kong co-production between Chow's Choi Sing Company and Xi'an Film Studios.[47] The remote Xi'an Studios had always encouraged innovation and become home to China's celebrated wave of Fifth Generation arthouse directors like Zhang Yimou and Chen Kaige[48] and they were reluctant to work with a commercial, Hong Kong production.[47] However, recent cuts in government subsidies forced them to look for new sources of financing and they embraced the co-production model.[49] The resulting shoot was chaotic, with the Hong Kong crew speaking only Cantonese and the Mainland crew speaking Mandarin.[47] Actors like Lu Shuming and Wu Yujin said they had very little idea of what was going on[47] and actor Law Kar-ying described Chow as "arrogant."[50] The two films were titledA Chinese Odyssey Part One - Pandora's Box andA Chinese Odyssey Part Two - Cinderella and released in January and February, 1995 where they underperformed at the box office,[40] leading to Choi Sing Film Company declaring bankruptcy.[45] Chow, however, earned substantial money from the movie over the years through licensing and advertising opportunities[51] and in the late '90s and early 2000s it became a cult favorite in the Mainland[52] with phrases, expressions, and memes from the two films becoming a foundational part of early Chinese internet culture.[53] This also became known in part as theStephen Chow Phenomenon (周星驰现象).[54][55][56][57]
In 2001, his filmShaolin Soccer grossed over US$50 million worldwide.[58][59][60][61] Chow won Best Director and Best Actor at the 2002Hong Kong Film Awards, and the film went on to garner additional awards including aBlue Ribbon Awards for Best Foreign Language Film and theGolden Bauhinia Award for Best Picture and Best Director.[62] It wasthe highest-grossing Chinese film in Hong Kong at the time, grossing $46 million in the Asia region.[15]
In 2004, his filmKung Fu Hustle grossed over US$106 million worldwide. Chow also won Best Director at the Taiwan Golden Horse Awards and Best Picture ofImagine Film Festival as well as over twenty international awards.[63][64] ComedianBill Murray said that the film was "the supreme achievement of the modern age in terms of comedy".[65]
His final role filmCJ7 began filming in July 2006 in the eastern Chinese port ofNingbo.[66] In August 2007, the film was given the titleCJ7, a play on China's successfulShenzhou crewed space missions—Shenzhou 5 andShenzhou 6.[67]
For his work in comedy, he has received praise from notable institutions such as theBrooklyn Academy of Music, which has called him the King of Comedy.[68]
In 2010, he became the executive director and major shareholder of 比高集團(BingoGroup Limited).[69]
In 2013, his filmJourney to the West: Conquering the Demons was the highest-grossing Chinese film of all time.[70][71]
In 2016, his filmThe Mermaid broke numerous box office records,[72] and became the highest-grossing film of 2016 in China.[73]The Mermaid was released inVietnam on 10 February 2016. On 14 March, it became the third-highest-grossing film of all time in Vietnam. It has now grossed over US$553.81 million worldwide.[74] Chow became the ninth-top-grossing Hollywood Director in 2016.[75]
Chow spent 4 years writing, directing and producing the remake of his 1999 filmKing of Comedy, the film was titledThe New King of Comedy, released in February 2019.[76]
Chow andJacqueline Law met while filming the TV seriesThe Final Combat in 1989 and began dating shortly thereafter. In the autumn of 1992, they broke up. Law later struggled with depression and recalled mentioning marriage to Chow, only to be dismissed as “crazy,” which left her heartbroken: “I longed to start a family with him, but he treated me like a lunatic.” Years later, when Law announced she had cancer, Chow was working onJourney to the West: Conquering the Demons. Among other memorial references, he named the film’s female lead Miss Duan, referencingThe Final Combat, where Chow and Law portrayed Mr. and Mrs. Duan. The film premiered after Law's death.[77]
Chow andAthena Chu started dating after working together onFight Back to School. Their secret relationship lasted for more than three years, ending due to Chow's alleged infidelity. In a 2008 interview onBe My Guest, Chu recalled the breakup: "One day, after wrapping up work, I went to visit my boyfriend’s room. The door was locked, and when he opened it, he looked flustered. I touched the bed, and it was warm, while the bathroom door was locked from the inside." Chu stated that she didn't know who the other person was and suspected there were more than just one. Despite this, Chu continued to work alongside Chow until the film finished. Karen Mok, the often suspected mistress at the time, denied being involved with anyone during the filming ofA Chinese Odyssey.[78] According toTiffany Chen, however, during the filming Chow had relationships withYammie Lam, Chu and Mok.[79]
From 1995 to 1998, Chow dated actress and singerKaren Mok, who has starred alongside him in several films.[80]
Chow had a relationship with Alice Yu Man-fung, daughter of business mogul Yu Ching-Po, for 12 to 13 years until March 2010, during which Yu also assisted Chow with personal investments and was paid a salary based on a written contract from 2002, initially at HK$20,000 a month. Chow had paid Yu HK$19.5 million at her request between 2007 and 2011, and an additional HK$10 million in February 2012 in “appreciation for [her] friendship and support over the years”. In September 2012, Yu filed a lawsuit against Chow, asserting that there was an additional oral agreement purportedly reached around Christmas of 2002 for Chow to pay her a 10 per cent share of net profits on all successful investments she recommended. Yu’s claim for damages of some HK$80 million was based on her purported share of the profits from Chow’s investments in his current luxury home at 12 Pollock’s Path on The Peak, three houses at The Beverley Hills in Tai Po and a private equity fund. In 2021, a lower court ruled the pair never made that deal, a decision that was upheld on appeal.[81]
In 2013, Stephen Chow was elected a member of the 11thGuangdong Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).[82] According to media exposure, Chow often arrives late and leaves early at the conference, and has not put forward any proposals.[83]
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Acting roles
Feature film
| Year | English title | Director | Writer | Producer | Chinese title | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1994 | From Beijing with Love | Yes | Yes | No | 國產凌凌漆 | Co-directed withLee Lik-chi |
| 1996 | Forbidden City Cop | Yes | Yes | No | 大內密探零零發 | Co-directed withVincent Kok |
| The God of Cookery | Yes | Yes | No | 食神 | Co-directed withLee Lik-chi | |
| 1999 | King of Comedy | Yes | Yes | No | 喜劇之王 | |
| 2001 | Shaolin Soccer[86] | Yes | Yes | No | 少林足球[85] | |
| 2004 | Kung Fu Hustle | Yes | Yes | Yes | 功夫 | |
| 2008 | CJ7 | Yes | Yes | Yes | 長江七號 | |
| 2013 | Journey to the West: Conquering the Demons | Yes | Yes | Yes | 西遊·降魔篇 | Co-directed withDerek Kwok |
| 2016 | The Mermaid[87] | Yes | Yes | Yes | 美人魚 | |
| 2019 | The New King of Comedy | Yes | Yes | Yes | 新喜劇之王 |
Producer
| Year | English title | Chinese title |
|---|---|---|
| 2008 | Shaolin Girl | 少林少女 |
| 2009 | Jump | 跳出去 |
| Dragonball Evolution | 七龍珠 | |
| 2010 | CJ7: The Cartoon | 長江7號愛地球 |
| 2017 | Journey to the West: The Demons Strike Back | 西遊伏妖篇 |
| 2019 | Journey to the West: Conquering the Demons TV | 劇版西遊降魔篇 |
| The Mermaid TV | 劇版美人魚[88] |
| Year | English title | Chinese title |
|---|---|---|
| 1983 | The Nuts | 黑白殭屍 |
| Crossroads – Pocket Money | 臨歧：零用錢 | |
| 1988 | Behind Silk Curtains | 大都會 |
| My Father's Son | 鬥氣一族 | |
| 1989 | The Final Combat | 蓋世豪俠 |
| The Justice of Life | 他來自江湖 | |
| 1990 | It Runs in the Family | 孖仔孖心肝 |
| Awards won |
|---|
Amsterdam Fantastic Film Festival
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Asia Pacific Film Festival
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Blue Ribbon Awards
|
Boston Society of Film Critics Awards
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Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards
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Florida Film Critics Circle Awards
|
Golden Bauhinia Awards
|
Golden Horse Awards
|
Hong Kong Film Awards
|
Hong Kong Film Critics Society Awards
|
Hong Kong Film Directors' Guild Awards
|
Hundred Flowers Awards
|
Las Vegas Film Critics Society Awards
|
Southeastern Film Critics Association Awards
|
Dallas-Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards
|
Utah Film Critics Association Awards
|
Phoenix Film Critics Society Awards
|
BAFTA Awards
|
Golden Globe Award
|
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Academics | |
| Artists | |
| People | |
| Other | |
