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Big Mac

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(Redirected fromSpecial Sauce)
Hamburger sold by McDonald's
For other uses, seeBig Mac (disambiguation).

Big Mac
Nutritional value per 1 sandwich 7.6 oz (220 g)
Energy580 kcal (2,400 kJ)
45 g (16%)
Sugars7 g
Dietary fiber3 g (10%)
34 g (43%)
Saturated11 g (56%)
Trans1 g
25 g
Vitamins and minerals
MineralsQuantity
Calcium
9%
120 mg
Iron
22%
4 mg
Potassium
12%
370 mg
Sodium
46%
1060 mg
Other constituentsQuantity
Salt equivalent2,650 mg
Energy from fat306 kcal (1,280 kJ)
Cholesterol85 mg (28%)
Values may be different outside US market.
†Percentages estimated usingUS recommendations for adults,[1] except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation fromthe National Academies.[2]
Source:McDonald's US Product Nutrition

TheBig Mac is a brand ofhamburger sold by the international fast food restaurant chainMcDonald's. It was introduced by aGreater Pittsburgh areafranchisee in 1967 and expanded nationwide in 1968, and is widely regarded as the company'sflagship product.

The hamburger features a three-slicesesame-seed bun containing two beef patties, one slice of cheese, shredded lettuce, pickles, minced onions, and aThousand Island-type dressing advertised as "special sauce." Seasonal and regional variants have been offered, including chicken versions.

The Big Mac is known worldwide and often used as a symbol of American capitalism anddecadence.The Economist has used it as a reference point for comparing thecost of living in different countries – theBig Mac Index – as it is so widely available and is comparable across markets.[3]

History

The Big Mac was created byJim Delligatti,[4] who stated later he did not invent the Big Mac but merely copied the double deck hamburger marketed by theBig Boy hamburger chain since the 1940s.[5] Mr. Delligatti operated several McDonald's restaurants in thePittsburgh area. It was created in the kitchen of Delligatti's first McDonald's franchise, located onMcKnight Road in suburbanRoss Township.[6]

The Big Mac debuted at the McDonald's owned by Delligatti inUniontown, Pennsylvania, on April 22, 1967,[7] selling forUS$0.45 (equivalent to $4.24 in 2024).[7][8]

It was designed to compete with Big Boy Restaurants'Big Boy hamburger.Eat'n Park was the Pittsburgh area's Big Boy franchisee at the time.[9] The Big Mac proved popular and it was added to the menu of all U.S. McDonald's restaurants in 1968.[8]

The Big Mac had two previous names, both of which failed in the marketplace: the Aristocrat and the Blue Ribbon Burger. The third name, Big Mac, was created by Esther Glickstein Rose, a 21-year-old advertising secretary who worked at McDonald's corporate headquarters inOak Brook, Illinois.[10]

Product

The Big Mac is made with two 1.6 oz (45 g) beefpatties, a "special sauce" (similar toThousand Island dressing),[11] shreddediceberg lettuce, oneprocessed American cheese slice, two slices ofdill pickle, and mincedonions, served on a three slicesesame seed bun.[12] On October 1, 2018, McDonald's announced that it would remove all artificial preservatives, flavors, and coloring from the Big Mac.[13][14]

Sauce

Big Mac Sauce is delivered to McDonald's restaurants in sealed canisters designed bySealright, from which it is meant to be directly dispensed using a calibrated "sauce gun" that dispenses a specified amount of the sauce for each pull of the trigger.[15]

In 2012, McDonald's executive chefDan Coudreaut released a YouTube video revealing the recipe of the sauce. It consists of store-boughtmayonnaise,sweet pickle relish andyellow mustard whisked together withvinegar,garlic powder,onion powder andpaprika.[16][17]

In 2018, McDonald's revamped the sauce by removingpotassium sorbate,sodium benzoate, andcalcium disodium EDTA.[13][14]

The sauce is occasionally available for purchase on its own for a limited time. The first time was in 2015. A 25 ml (0.85 U.S. fl oz) tube was available for purchase but only in restaurants in Australia.[18] It was available again in 2020. A 50 ml (1.7 U.S. fl oz) pot was available for purchase but only in restaurants in the UK and Ireland.[19] In 2023 and early 2024 it was available in Hungary.[20]

Packaging

The Big Mac was first served inside a collapsible square cardboard container with a circular piece of cardboard placed around the hamburger to hold it together. The cardboard container that was changed to a "clamshell" style,polystyrene foam container in the late 1970s. Polystyrene foam containers were phased out beginning in 1990, due to environmental concerns.[21]

Advertising

"Two all-beef patties" jingle

In 1974 McDonald's commissioned an advertisingjingle which popularized the list of ingredients of the Big Mac: "Two all-beef patties, special sauce, lettuce, cheese, pickles, onions on a sesame seed bun."[22]

In 2008, McDonald's restaurants in Malaysia revived the slogan. The revival included the original prize of a free Big Mac if the customer was able to recite the slogan in under four seconds. It was released in May, along with the promotionalMega Mac, which had four beef patties instead of two.[23]

McDonaldland character

Main article:McDonaldland
McDonald's playground Officer Big Mac climb-in jail

McDonald's began a television advertising campaign appealing to children in 1971 featuring a fantasy world populated byRonald McDonald and variousmascots promoting McDonald's products. Some characters were also modeled in McDonald's store playground equipment. The Big Mac was represented by Officer Big Mac, aKeystone Cops-style policeman with a giant Big Mac sandwich for a head. The characters were revised after a 1973plagiarism lawsuit brought by television puppeteersSid and Marty Krofft because of similarities to theirH.R. Pufnstuf characters. A modified Officer Big Mac continued in the commercials until 1985.

Hip-hop product placement

In 2005, McDonald's began offeringproduct placement rewards tohip hop artists whonamechecked the Big Mac in their music, giving US$5 to the artist for every time a song mentioning the hamburger was played on the radio.[24]

EU trademark revocation

McDonald's sued the Irish fast-food chainSupermac's for trademark infringement and claimed the name would confuse consumers in European markets.[25] On 11 January 2019, theEuropean Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) ruled in Supermac's favor in what has been called a "David vs. Goliath" victory.[25] McDonald's submitted a copy of the Wikipedia article about the Big Mac as part of its evidence, but the court found the Wikipedia page was not acceptable as "independent evidence".[25][26]

In 2023, the EUIPO Board of Appeal annulled the decision after McDonald's filed 700 pages of additional evidence, despite objections.[27]

Supermac's responded by bringing the case to theEuropean Court of Justice, which finally ruled in 2024 that McDonald's had not proven use of the Big Mac trademark when it came to poultry products or operating restaurants.[28] The ruling does not affect the trademark with respect to the Big Macburger product.

US sales

In 2007, Danya Proud, a McDonald's spokeswoman, said that in the United States alone, 560 million Big Macs are sold each year. This would mean that approximately 17 Big Macs are sold every second.[29][30]

Variants

  • The Mega Mac or Double Big Mac: four 1.6 oz (45 g) beef patties and an extra slice of cheese. Available in Australia, Canada, China, Egypt, Ireland, Japan, Malaysia, Taiwan (during promotional periods only), Turkey, Singapore, Pakistan, South Korea, Thailand, and United Kingdom.[23] It was introduced to the United States in early 2020, but was discontinued shortly after McDonald's streamlined menus during theCOVID-19 pandemic. The sandwich returned to the US market in January 2024.[31] The Double Big Mac is the biggest regular hamburger the chain produces and it has 680 calories.[32]
  • Big Big Mac: aQuarter Pounder–like product sold in Europe (Finland, Belgium, Spain, Portugal, and Italy). Has been sold periodically in Sweden, there called "Grand Big Mac".[33]
  • The Denali Mac: made with two one-quarter-pound (110 g) patties. Named afterDenali in Alaska, and sold only in that state.[34][35]
  • In India, where consuming beef is illegal in most states[citation needed], the Big Mac is known as the Maharaja Mac and was originally made withlamb instead of beef; however, along with the company's other items, it is now made from chicken.[36][37]
  • The Mega Tamago Mac, a limited variant of the Big Mac, was launched in Japan, consisting of three patties, a fried egg, bacon, and cheese.[38]
  • The Chicken Big Mac is a Big Mac with two breaded chicken patties sold in US,[39] UK,[40][41] Canada,[42] Pakistan, Egypt, UAE, Kuwait, Qatar and other countries as a limited-availability or promotional burger.[43][44][45]
  • The Giga Big Mac, is sold in Japan. It is a larger version of the Big Mac with three times the meat of a regular one.[46]
  • Little Mac or Mac Jr. is a reduction of the standard Big Mac which uses a two-piece bun and contains only one beef patty. It has been available as a limited-time promotion in the U.S. since 2017.[47]
  • Grand Mac uses larger patties, at1⁄3 pound (150 g) combined. It became available in the U.S. beginning in 2017 and was first made available overseas in the UK, Ireland, and Australia as the "Grand Big Mac" in 2018 to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the original Big Mac.[47] This and the Mac Jr. were collectively known as the "Big Mac range" in the UK.
  • Big MacBLT is a standard Big Mac burger with the addition ofbacon andtomato. Released in Australia and New Zealand as a promotional item in late 2017.[48]
  • Big Mac Bacon was introduced in selected markets in 2018, as a limited-time option. It is essentially a Big Mac with added bacon.[49] In 2019, this was extended in the UK to the Grand Big Mac and the Mac Jr.
  • A Mega Mac burger with a large Coke and fries in Malaysia
    A Mega Mac burger with a largeCoke and fries inMalaysia
  • A Chicken Maharaja Mac in India
    A Chicken Maharaja Mac inIndia
  • A Grand Big Mac (left) and Mac Jr. (right) alongside a regular Big Mac (center), released for a limited time in the UK as part of the 50th anniversary of the burger
    A Grand Big Mac (left) and Mac Jr. (right) alongside a regular Big Mac (center), released for a limited time in theUK as part of the 50th anniversary of the burger

Museum

The Big Mac Museum in 2014

On August 22, 2007, McDonald's opened the Big Mac Museum inNorth Huntingdon, Pennsylvania to celebrate the Big Mac's 40th anniversary. The museum features the world's largest Big Mac statue (measuring 14 feet high and 12 feet wide) and has hundreds of historical artifacts and exhibits that celebrate the Big Mac.[50][51]

Some Uniontown residents were unhappy with the selected location.[52]

Nutritional values per geographical location

The Big Mac is a geographically localized product. In the United States, the Big Mac has 580 kcal (2,400 kJ), 34 grams of fat and 25 grams of protein. In Australia, the burger is slightly smaller with 559 kcal (2,340 kJ) and 26.9 grams of fat, but similar amounts of protein with 25.2 grams,[53] while the Japanese burger tops out the scales at 557 kcal and 30.5 grams of fat. Several McDonald's subsidiaries adapt the standard features of the Big Mac (from the US) to regional requirements.[54]

Comparisons of the Big Mac standard nutritional values in different countries – Sodium values converted to their salt equivalents, rounded and in bold
CountryEnergy kcalCarbohydrates gProtein gFat (total) gDietary fiber gSalt equivalent mgServing
size
(weight) g		Reference
 Argentina4854024263.32005.ar[usurped]
 Australia55943.825.930.32725231.7.au
 Austria49540272532300219.at[usurped]
 Belgium4954027252300.beArchived September 13, 2013, at theWayback Machine
 Bosnia and Herzegovina51041272632200.ba[usurped] (Halted operations.)
 Brazil4914026263.82033.br[usurped]
 Canada52045232832413209.ca
 Chile56249273041009213.cl
 China520462626.cn[usurped]
 Croatia52642.626.726.93.42200.hr
 Czech Republic5104127262200.cz[usurped]
 Denmark510412726.132200.info[usurped]
 Egypt5225228.2353021190234.eg
 Finland51041272632200.fi[usurped]
 France5084227263.12300221.info
 Germany51041272632200221.de
 Greece49540272532300221.gr[usurped]
 Hong Kong49743.126.424.22003.hk[usurped]
 Hungary51041272632200.info[usurped]
 Ireland49041282442100.ie
 Italy51042272632200.it
 Japan55745.225.530.52800.jp
 Lithuania5094227263.12300219.lt[usurped]
 Malaysia4844626231825209.my[usurped]
 Mexico5405225273.282300212.mx
 Netherlands5244327273.42300229.com
 New Zealand49436.826.425.92415202.nz[dead link]
 Norway51041272632200.no[usurped]
 Poland51041272632200.info[usurped]
 Portugal5094227263.22300219.pt[usurped]
 Romania51041272632200.info[dead link]
 Russia49540272532300.info[dead link]
 Serbia50340282532300219.rs
 Singapore5224328253970.sg
 Slovenia50341.226263217.si
 South Africa4963924.3263.22433.za[usurped]
 South Korea510262533213.kr
 Sweden50542262632300219.se[usurped]
  Switzerland51041272632200.info[usurped]
 Taiwan530452726.tw
 Turkey4804328222100.tr[usurped]
 Ukraine5094227262300.ua[usurped]
 United Kingdom4944226243.22200.gb
 United States58045253432650220.us

Gallery

  • Big Mac, purchased in Canberra, Australia
    Big Mac, purchased inCanberra, Australia
  • A Big Mac combo meal
    A Big Mac combo meal
  • A Grand Big Mac
    A Grand Big Mac

See also

Similar products by other restaurant chains:

References

  1. ^United States Food and Drug Administration (2024)."Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels".FDA.Archived from the original on March 27, 2024. RetrievedMarch 28, 2024.
  2. ^"TABLE 4-7 Comparison of Potassium Adequate Intakes Established in This Report to Potassium Adequate Intakes Established in the 2005 DRI Report". p. 120. In:Stallings, Virginia A.; Harrison, Meghan; Oria, Maria, eds. (2019). "Potassium: Dietary Reference Intakes for Adequacy".Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium. pp. 101–124.doi:10.17226/25353.ISBN 978-0-309-48834-1.PMID 30844154.NCBI NBK545428.
  3. ^Pakko, Michael R.; Pollard, Patricia S. (November–December 2003)."Burgernomics: A "Big Mac" Guide to Purchasing Power Parity"(PDF).Review. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.Archived(PDF) from the original on May 24, 2011. RetrievedMay 18, 2011.
  4. ^Eldridge, D. (2014).Moon Pittsburgh. Moon Handbooks. Avalon Publishing. p. pt389.ISBN 978-1-61238-846-5. RetrievedNovember 7, 2017.
  5. ^Grimes, William (December 1, 2016)."Michael James Delligatti, Creator of the Big Mac, Dies at 98".The New York Times.ISSN 0362-4331. RetrievedFebruary 21, 2024.
  6. ^Vancheri, Barbara (May 4, 1993)."Golden Arch Angel".Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. p. C1.Archived from the original on May 2, 2016. RetrievedOctober 7, 2016.
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  8. ^ab"Jim Delligatti Biography"(PDF) (Press release). McDonald's. 2007. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on July 26, 2011. RetrievedMay 18, 2011.
  9. ^"Obituary: William D. Peters / President of Eat'n Park restaurants".Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. August 20, 2000.Archived from the original on December 13, 2013. RetrievedSeptember 28, 2013.
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  34. ^"Alaska Towns: Palmer, Alaska".Hometown Invasion Tour. 2011. Archived fromthe original on July 12, 2011.
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Further reading

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