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* [http://www.marine.csiro.au/nationalfacility Australian research vessel facilities] | * [http://www.marine.csiro.au/nationalfacility Australian research vessel facilities] | ||
* [http://www.ccg-gcc.gc.ca/vessels-navires/main_e.htm Canadian research fleet] | * [http://www.ccg-gcc.gc.ca/vessels-navires/main_e.htm Canadian research fleet] | ||
* [http://www.awi.de/en/infrastructure/ships/ Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research] – home of the "[[PFS Polarstern|Polarstern]]" | * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121011084615/http://www.awi.de/en/infrastructure/ships/ Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research] – home of the "[[PFS Polarstern|Polarstern]]" | ||
* [http://www.ifremer.fr/fleet/navires/index.html Ifremer Fleet] | * [http://www.ifremer.fr/fleet/navires/index.html Ifremer Fleet] | ||
* [http://www.ogs.trieste.it/Show/ShowUniversity/DataUniversity.aspx?IdLanguage=1 National Institute of Oceanography and Experimental Geophysics – OGS Trieste ITALY] | * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060506105111/http://www.ogs.trieste.it/Show/ShowUniversity/DataUniversity.aspx?IdLanguage=1 National Institute of Oceanography and Experimental Geophysics – OGS Trieste ITALY] | ||
* [http://www.moc.noaa.gov/ NOAA Marine Operations] | * [http://www.moc.noaa.gov/ NOAA Marine Operations] | ||
* [http://www.sio.ucsd.edu/ Scripps Institution of Oceanography] | * [http://www.sio.ucsd.edu/ Scripps Institution of Oceanography] | ||
* [[Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution]] (WHOI) [http://www.whoi.edu/ WHOI web page] | * [[Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution]] (WHOI) [http://www.whoi.edu/ WHOI web page] | ||
* [http://www.unols.org/info/vessels.htm University-National Oceanographic Laboratory System (UNOLS) research vessels (US academic fleet)] | * [https://www.webcitation.org/62u8HvuJw?url=http://www.unols.org/info/vessels.htm University-National Oceanographic Laboratory System (UNOLS) research vessels (US academic fleet)] | ||
{{ModernMerchantShipTypes}} | {{ModernMerchantShipTypes}} | ||
Aresearch vessel (RV orR/V) is aship or boat designed, modified, or equipped to carry outresearch atsea. Research vessels carry out a number of roles. Some of these roles can be combined into a single vessel but others require a dedicated vessel. Due to the demanding nature of the work, research vessels are often constructed around anicebreakerhull, allowing them to operate in polar waters.
The research ship had origins in the early voyages of exploration.[1] By the time ofJames Cook'sEndeavour, the essentials of what today we would call a research ship are clearly apparent. In 1766, theRoyal Society hired Cook to travel to thePacific Ocean to observe and record thetransit of Venus across theSun.[2] TheEndeavour was a sturdy boat, well designed and equipped for the ordeals she would face, and fitted out with facilities for her "research personnel",Joseph Banks. And, as is common with contemporary research vessels,Endeavour carried out more than one kind of research, including comprehensivehydrographic survey work.
Some other notable early research vessels wereHMSBeagle,RVCalypso,HMSChallenger,USFCAlbatross, and theEndurance andTerra Nova.
The names of early research vessels have been used to name later research vessels, as well asSpace Shuttles.
A hydrographic survey ship is a vessel designed to conducthydrographic research andsurvey.Nautical charts are produced from this information to ensure safenavigation bymilitary andcivilianshipping.
Hydrographic survey vessels also conductseismic surveys of the seabed and the underlyinggeology. Apart from producing the charts, this information is useful for detecting geological features which are likely to bearoil orgas. These vessels usually mount equipment on atowed structure, for example,air cannons, used to generate ahigh pressureshock wave to sound thestrata beneath theseabed, or mounted on thekeel, for example, adepth sounder.
In practice, hydrographic survey vessels are often equipped to perform multiple roles. Some function also asoceanographic research ships. Naval hydrographic survey vessels often do naval research, for example, on submarine detection.
An example of a hydrographic survey vessel isCCGS Frederick G. Creed. For an example of the employment of a survey ship seeHMS Hydra.
Oceanographic research vessels carry out research on thephysical,chemical andbiological characteristics ofwater, theatmosphere andclimate, and to these ends carry equipment for collecting water samples from a range of depths, including the deep seas, as well as equipment for thehydrographic sounding of the seabed, along with numerous other environmental sensors. These vessels often also carryscientific divers[3] andunmanned underwater vehicles. Since the requirements of both oceanographic and hydrographic research are very different from those of fisheries research, these boats often fulfill dual roles.
Examples of an oceanographic research vessel include theNOAASRonald H. Brown and theChilean NavyCabo de Hornos.[4]
Afisheries research vessel (FRV) requires platforms which are capable of towing different types offishing nets, collectingplankton or water samples from a range of depths, and carryingacoustic fish-finding equipment. Fisheries research vessels are often designed and built along the same lines as a largefishing vessel, but with space given over tolaboratories and equipment storage, as opposed to storage of the catch.
An example of a fisheries research vessel isFRVScotia.
Naval research vessels investigate naval concerns, such as submarine and mine detection, sonar and weapon trialling.
An example of a naval research vessel is thePlanet of theGerman Navy.
Polar research vessels are constructed around anicebreakerhull, allowing them to engage inIce navigation and operate in polar waters. These boats usually have dual roles, particularly in theAntarctic where they function also as polar replenishment and supply vessels to the Antarctic research bases.
An example of a polar research vessel isUSCGCPolar Star.
Oil exploration is performed in a number of ways, one of the most common being mobile drilling platforms or ships that are moved from area to area as needed to drill into the seabed to find out what deposits may or may not lie beneath it.
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