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Southern Carrier language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Endangered Athabaskan dialect group
Southern Carrier
Lower Carrier
Dakelh
Sign sayingWheni Lheidli T'enneh ts'inli meaning 'we are Lheidli T'enneh' in the Lheidli dialect.[1]
Native toCanada
RegionBritish Columbia
EthnicityDakelh
Native speakers
(500 cited 1987)[2]
Dialects
  • Fraser/Nechakoh
  • Blackwater
Language codes
ISO 639-3caf
Glottologsout2958

Southern Carrier,Lower Carrier or locallyDakelh is an endangereddialect group of theAthabaskanCarrier language ofBritish Columbia, Canada.

Classification

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Dialects

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The dialects belonging to Southern Carrier roughly correspond to those to the south ofFort St. James. The group is divided into two subgroups, Fraser/Nechakoh and Blackwater which are further subdivided into individual dialects.[3]

The Fraser/Nechakoh subdivision of Southern Carrier includes theLheidli,Saik'uz,Nadleh, Nautey, Stelakoh,Stoney Creek, Prince George andCheslatta dialects. The Blackwater division includes theAnahim Lake,Red Bluff,Nazko,Kluskus, andUlkatcho dialects.[4]

Usage

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According to a 2016 census conducted by theGovernment of Canada, there were 1,270 fluent speakers of the Carrier language. Among the 1,270 speakers, 1,045 have the language as a single mother tongue and 225 have the language as one of their mother tongues.[5]

Grammar

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Southern Carrier has an extremely extensive and productive system of noun classifications. It has multiple classification subsystems and they can take place in the same sentence or same verb.[6]

Language learning

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FirstVoices Website

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FirstVoices is an onlineindigenous languages archiving and learning resource administered by theFirst Peoples' Cultural Council of British Columbia, Canada. Dakelh/Southern Carrier language is one of the languages documented on the website.[7] Information on alphabets, words, phrases, songs, and stories are available. Both orthography and voice recordings are provided on the website. Games and a kids portal are also available for pre-readers to engage with the language.

FirstVoices App

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The Nazko-Dakelh mobile application has a bilingual dictionary and a collection of Dakelh/Southern Carrier language phrases that are archived on the FirstVoices website. It is available for free on bothApple andAndroid mobile operating systems.

References

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  1. ^"Our Language - Lheidli T'enneh | First Nation | Prince George, BC". 2020-04-14. Retrieved2024-08-26.
  2. ^Southern Carrier atEthnologue (25th ed., 2022)Closed access icon
  3. ^Bird, Sonya (January 2004)."Lheidli intervocalic consonants: phonetic and morphological effects".Journal of the International Phonetic Association.34 (1):69–91.doi:10.1017/S0025100304001616.ISSN 0025-1003.S2CID 144631921.
  4. ^Moseley, Christopher (2008-03-10).Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages. Routledge.ISBN 9781135796402.
  5. ^Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2018-03-28)."Aboriginal Mother Tongue (90), Single and Multiple Mother Tongue Responses (3), Aboriginal Identity (9), Registered or Treaty Indian Status (3) and Age (12) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data".www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved2019-11-10.
  6. ^Poser, William J. (2005).Noun classification in Carrier(PDF). Dept. of Anthropology, American Indian Studies Research Institute, Indiana University.OCLC 1016449495.
  7. ^"FirstVoices".www.firstvoices.com. Retrieved2019-11-13.


External links

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Northern
Southern Alaskan
Central Alaska–Yukon
Northwestern Canada
Central British Columbia
Other North Athabaskan
Pacific Coast
California Athabaskan
Oregon Athabaskan
Southern
Western Apachean
Eastern Apachean
Plains Apachean
Proto-language
Italics indicateextinct languages


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