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Singaporean communitarianism was founded byPrime MinisterLee Kuan Yew in 1959 under thePeople's Action Party (PAP).
Communitarianism is the belief that a perfect society relies not of the ambition of personalindividualism, but rather consists of the responsibilities of cohesive communal structures. This is inherently a dualistic approach to a nationalistic society. Singaporean communitarianism sets up communities to support the greater good, much like the spokes support a wheel. Emphasis is placed not on the inherent rights a government owes to anindividual, but rather the inherent responsibilities an individual owes to theircommunity.
Lee Kuan Yew was the first Singaporean leader to emphasize a nation which created a national interest amongst the splintered cultures of Singapore. This was done as a transformative approach to the nationalhegemony at the time which was eroding due to a lapse in time from the historical conditions that led to the original underlyingMarxist ideology of the PAP, among other things.[1] Although it may have been the pragmatic approach to Marxism that was the catalyst of aFirst WorldSingapore, it was also Lee Kuan Yew's national interest approach which allowed the success of Singapore to grow. The weakening hold of pragmatism acted as aPetri dish allowing for new concepts such as communitarianism to implant itself in the national consciousness. Recent global political trends tend to fill pragmatic voids withliberal democracy such as after the fall of theSoviet Union and most of its satellite nations. However, due to Singapore's majority ethnicChinese (coupled with a sense of retaliatory ethnic pride against the then recentMalaysian expulsion) and itsConfucian mentality, formal democratic processes were framed within a communitarian ideology. This ideological communitarian veil over Singaporean democracy includes such actions as the PAP's attempt to redirect cultural and political development towards traditional values. This redirection was perceived as way of resisting the "corrupting influences of an incipient Westernisation", or in other words a way to Confucianise society.[2]
Singaporean communitarianism included apublic housing programme by theHousing Development Board (HDB) in 1960 which currently houses approximately 80% of the Singaporean population. The legislative act that allowed the HDB to acquire vast amounts ofprivately owned land is in contrast to British and Singaporeancommon lawproperty rights. Although the HDB gave a legal rationale for the acquisition, it was clearly done to further advance the ideological hegemony of the times.[citation needed]
