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Semai language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Austroasiatic language spoken in Malaysia
Semai
engrok Semai
Native toPeninsularMalaysia
Ethnicity60,438Semai people (2020)[1]
Native speakers
60,438 (2020)[2]
Latin
Language codes
ISO 639-3sea
Glottologsema1266
ELPSemai

Semai (engrok Semai) is aAustroasiatic language of westernMalaysia spoken by about 60,438Semai people. It is one of the fewAslian languages which are not endangered, and even has 2,000 monolingual speakers. It is currently spoken by 3 main groups; the Northern Semai, Central Semai and the Southern Semai.

Phonology

[edit]

One notable aspect of Semaiphonology is its highly irregular pattern of expressivereduplication, showing discontiguous copying from just the edges of the reduplicant's base, thus forming a minorsyllable.

Vowels

[edit]
Oral vowels
FrontCentralBack
Closeiɨɨːu
Close-mideo
Open-midɛɛːəɔɔː
Openɑɑː
Nasal vowels
FrontCentralBack
Closeĩĩːɨ̃ɨ̃ːũũː
Midɛ̃ɛ̃ːə̃ɔ̃ɔ̃ː
Openɑ̃ɑ̃ː

Consonants

[edit]
BilabialAlveolarPalatalVelarGlottal
Plosivevoicelessptckʔ
voicedbdɟɡ
Nasalvoicedmnɲŋ
preplodedᵇmᵈnɟɲᶢŋ
Fricativesh
Rhoticɾ~r
Laterall
Approximantwj

Examples

[edit]

Examples of words in Semai include the following:

EnglishSemaiMalay
IEngSaya
EatCakMakan
DrinkNgautMinum
BatheMehmuMandi
CleanParlainBersih
GoodBorBagus
ChickenBafung/FungAyam
RiceCengroyBeras
MushroomCenaiCendawan
WhyJalekKenapa
HowRahalookBagaimana

In popular culture

[edit]
  • Asli (2017),[3] a film directed by David Liew, is about abi-racial girl on a road to discover her cultural heritage, is the first film to use the Semai language in 50% of its dialogue.[4]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Basic Data / Statistics". JAKOA. Retrieved30 October 2022.
  2. ^Semai atEthnologue (19th ed., 2016)Closed access icon
  3. ^"Asli".Cinema Online. Retrieved3 February 2021.
  4. ^Loh, Ivan (19 October 2017)."Semai Dialogue a First in Local Film".The Star. Retrieved3 February 2021.

Further reading

[edit]
  • Diffloth, Gerard. 1976a. Minor-Syllable Vocalism in Senoic Languages. In Philip N. Lenner, Laurence C. Thompson, and Stanley Starosta (eds.),Austroasiatic Studies, Part I, 229–247. Honolulu: The University of Hawaii Press.
  • Diffloth, Gerard. 1976b. Expressives in Semai. In Philip N. Lenner, Laurence C. Thompson, and Stanley Starosta (eds.),Austroasiatic Studies, Part I, 249–264. Honolulu: The University of Hawaii Press.
  • Hendricks, Sean. 2001. Bare-Consonant Reduplication Without Prosodic Templates: Expressive Reduplication in Semai.Journal of East Asian Linguistics 10: 287–306.
  • Phillips, Timothy C. 2013. Linguistic Comparison of Semai Dialects. SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2013-010: 1–111.

External links

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