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Segol | |
ֶ | |
IPA | ɛ |
Transliteration | e |
English example | bed |
Same sound | tzere |
Example | |
שֶׁל | |
The word forof inHebrew,shel. The triangular array of three dots under the letterShin form the segol. | |
OtherNiqqud | |
Shva · Hiriq · Tzere · Segol · Patach · Kamatz · Holam · Dagesh · Mappiq · Kubutz and Shuruk · Rafe · Sin/Shin Dot |
Segol (modernHebrew:סֶגּוֹל, IPA:[seˈɡol]; formerlyסְגוֹל,səḡôl) is aHebrewniqqudvowel sign that is represented by three dots forming an upside downequilateral triangle "ֶ ". As such, it resembles an upside downtherefore sign (abecause sign) underneath a letter. Inmodern Hebrew, it indicates thephoneme/e/ which is similar to "e" in the English word sound insell and istransliterated as ane.
InModern Hebrew, segol makes the same sound astzere, as does theHataf Segol (Hebrew:חֲטַף סֶגּוֹל IPA:[ħaˈtafseˈɡol], "Reduced Segol"). The reduced (orħataf) niqqud exist for segol,patah, andkamatz which contain ashva next to it.
The following table contains thepronunciation andtransliteration of the different segols in reconstructed historical forms anddialects using theInternational Phonetic Alphabet.
The lettersBet⟨ב⟩ andHet⟨ח⟩ used in this table are only for demonstration; any letter can be used.
Symbol | Name | Pronunciation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Modern | Ashkenazi | Sephardi | Yemenite | Tiberian | Reconstructed | |||
Mishnaic | Biblical | |||||||
בֶ | Segol | [e̞] | [e̞] | [e̞] | [a] | [ɛ,ɛː] | ? | [ɛ] |
בֶיבֶהבֶא | Segol Male | [e̞] | [e̞] | [e̞] | [a] | [ɛː] | ? | [ɛː,ɛj] |
חֱ | Hataf Segol | [e̞] | [e̞] | [e̞] | [a] | [ɛ̆] | ? | [ɛ] |
In addition, a letter with a segol or tzere with a succeedingyod often makes the "ei" (also spelled "ey") sound such as in they or tape.
By adding two vertical dots (shva), the vowel can be made very short. However, the vowels lengths are not manifested in Modern Hebrew.
Vowel comparison table | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vowel length | IPA | Transliteration | English example | ||
Long | Short | Very Short | |||
ֵ | ֶ | ֱ | [e̞] | e | temp |
Tzere | Segol | Reduced Segol |
Glyph | Unicode | Name |
---|---|---|
ֶ | U+05B6 | SEGOL |
ֱ | U+05B1 | HATEF SEGOL |