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Section 8 was a category ofmilitary discharge employed by theUnited States Armed Forces which was used for servicemembers judgedmentally unfit for service. The term "Section 8" eventually came to mean any service member given such a discharge, or behaving as if deserving such a discharge, as in the expression, "he's a Section 8".
This type of discharge could be granted for a wide variety of perceived problems, includinglow intelligence, incompatibility with core military expectations or responsibilities,alcoholism or other chronic addictions,personality disorders,pathological lying,psychopathy,personality disorders,enuresis (then believed to be a mental disorder),psychosis orantisocial behavior.[1] A variety of sexual conduct could result in a Section 8 discharge, includingcross-dressing,homosexuality,lesbianism,bisexuality andtransgenderism;[2] along withnecrophilia,bestiality andpederasty.[1]
The term comes from Section VIII of theWorld War II–era United States Army Regulation 615–360, concerning the separation of enlisted men from military service. Section VIII provided for the discharge of men who were deemed mentally unfit for military service.[1]
A Section 8 discharge could behonorable or dishonorable, depending on the circumstances of each case.[1]
Section 8 discharges were often given to members of theLGBT community, as they were deemed mentally unfit to serve in the military. A Section 8 discharge for homosexuality of other sexual conduct was dishonorable,[1] and often made it difficult for people to find work in civilian life and did not allow for veterans benefits.[2] An official military report indicates "Relatively few military personnel were discharged from the Army during World War II for homosexuality", but admits existing data are not entirely reliable.[1]
Discharge under Section 8 is no longer practiced, as medical discharges for psychological or psychiatric reasons are now covered by a number of regulations. In the Army, such discharges are handled under the provisions of AR 635–200,Active Duty Enlisted Administrative Separations. Chapter 5, paragraph 13 governs the separation of personnel medically diagnosed with apersonality disorder.[3]
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During World War II, in November 1943, at age 17, actorSidney Poitier lied about his age and enlisted in the Army. He was assigned to a Veteran's Administration hospital inNorthport, New York, and was trained to work with psychiatric patients. Poitier became upset with how the hospital treated its patients and feigned mental illness to obtain a discharge. Poitier confessed to a psychiatrist that he was faking his condition, but the doctor was sympathetic and granted his discharge under Section VIII of Army regulation 615–360 in December 1944.[8]