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Sandy Douglas | |
|---|---|
| Born | Alexander Shafto Douglas (1921-05-21)21 May 1921 London, England |
| Died | 29 April 2010(2010-04-29) (aged 88)[1] London, England[1] |
| Citizenship | United Kingdom |
| Alma mater | University of Cambridge |
| Known for | OXO |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Computer science |
| Institutions | University of Leeds |
| Thesis | Some Computations in Theoretical Physics (1954) |
Alexander Shafto "Sandy"DouglasCBE (21 May 1921 – 29 April 2010) was a British professor ofcomputer science, credited with creating the first graphical computer game,OXO, a version ofnoughts and crosses, in 1952 on theEDSAC computer atUniversity of Cambridge.[2][3]
Douglas was born on 21 May 1921 inLondon. At age eight, his family moved toCromwell Road, near what would become the London Air Terminal.
A 74 bus ride for one old penny took me to Exhibition Road, from which I could go towards South Kensington station to my father's office (which is still there) and workshop (now demolished) down by what became the Lycée Français. Alternatively, I could turn north to the Science Museum – a trip I took often.
In the winter of 1938–39, Douglas and his future wife Andrey Parker made a snowman in the grounds of theNatural History Museum. Douglas and his wife would go on to have two children and at least two grandsons.
During theBlitz, in 1940–41, Douglas'sHome Guard Unit, 'C' Company of theChelsea and Kensington Battalion of the KRRC, had its headquarters in the basement of theRoyal School of Mines, just the other side ofExhibition Road from the museums. He appeared to commission into theCorps of Royal Engineers on 7 March 1943 as asecond lieutenant,[4] but this was later corrected to show that he actually commissioned into theRoyal Corps of Signals.[5]
Douglas attended theUniversity of Cambridge in 1950. In 1952, while working towards earning his PhD, he wrote athesis which focused onhuman-computer interactions and he needed an example to prove his theories. At that time, Cambridge was home to the secondstored-program computer, theEDSAC or Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator (the first beingManchester University's "Baby", which ran its first program on 21 June 1948). This gave Douglas the opportunity to prove his findings by programming the code for a simple game where a player can compete against the computer,OXO.
1953–1957
1953: Elected as a Prize Fellow ofTrinity College, Cambridge, Douglas spends a year at theUniversity of Illinois Computation laboratory as assistant Professor.
1955: Became Junior Bursar of Trinity College. The Junior Bursar is responsible for the administration of the College buildings: allocation of accommodation, building works, security, staff, and general maintenance[6]
1957: The LeedsPegasus computer was installed in autumn 1957 in the Eldon Chapel on Woodhouse Lane. Douglas set up the Computer Laboratory of theUniversity of Leeds, and it was there that he first became interested in the application of computers to business problems
The Pegasus holds an especial place in my affection, it being the machine I installed as the central University machine in a disused chapel in Leeds in 1957 – it was known as Lucifer, for Leeds University Computing Installation (FERranti). Our au pair girl from Spain made a beautiful little devilish doll which decorated the machine – it has probably disappeared by now.[citation needed]
In June 1960 the Committee of Vice-Chancellors and Principals set up a Working Party to explore the creation of a national system for handling university admissions. Douglas was appointed a member of the Working Party to provide advice on the use of computers in this system. He had previously worked at Leeds withRonald Kay, who was to becomeUCCA's general secretary, on "an early and primitive but successful attempt to introduce computer methods into student registration procedures".[7]
1960: Entered the commercial field as Technical Director of the UK subsidiary of C-E-I-R (now Scientific Control Systems).
1968: Left CEIR to initiate the European software interests of Leasco Systems and Research Ltd. as chairman.
Douglas died in sleep on 29 April 2010 frompneumonia.[1]
Over 60 papers have been published by Professor Douglas covering topics in Atomic Physics, Crystallography, Solution of Differential Equations, Computer Design, Programming and Operational Research in the Shipbuilding, Oil Chemical Mining, Engineering and Transportation Industries, and in the Printing Industry.
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