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Sahagún (Spanish pronunciation:[sa(a)ˈɣun]) is a town and municipality of Spain, part of the autonomous community ofCastile and León and theprovince of León. It is the main centre of population in the Leonese part of theTierra de Campos natural region.
Sahagún contains some of the earliest examples of themudéjar architecture. It lies on theWay of St. James and is often considered the half-way point between St. Jean Pied de Port and Santiago de Compostela. TheBattle of Sahagún was a notable victory by the British light cavalry against their more numerous French adversaries in 1808.
The first settlement on the site grew up around the nearbyBenedictine monastery consecrated to the saintsFacundus and Primitivus. The nameSahagún is thought to derive from an abbreviation and variation on the nameSan Fagun ("Saint Facundus").
The monastery acquired importance during the reign ofAlfonso III de Asturias, and reached its greatest splendour during the reign ofAlfonso VI of León and Castile. On 25 November 1085, this latter king promulgated the edicts known as theFuero de Sahagún, which gave a number of privileges to the Monastery and town, fomenting its growth. The king favoured theCluniac order and the monastery was known as the "SpanishCluny".
Friction often erupted into disputes between the townsfolk and the monastery in the mid-12th century, as recorded in theCrónicas anónimas de Sahagún. The monastery was very important on the pilgrimage route toSantiago de Compostela, and in the 14th century housed a University (see alsoList of early modern universities in Europe). In the 19th century, the monastery was disbanded and the structure nearly completely razed.