Shipborne rolling vertical landing (SRVL) is a method used to land aV/STOL aircraft that uses both the verticalthrust from the jet engine andlift from the wings.
A V/STOL aircraft normally either lands vertically or it makes a conventional runway landing. For a vertical landing it uses downward thrust from thelift fan and/or rotatedjet nozzle(s), while for a runway landing the jet nozzle(s) are pointed rearward. With a rolling vertical landing the aircraft uses downward jet thrust to hover while it is still moving fast enough to also generate wing lift. This allows for a rolling landing with a significantly reduced approach speed and landing distance, requirements not necessary onCatapult-assisted take-off barrier-arrested recovery (CATOBAR) carriers.
With an SRVL manoeuvre, a V/STOL aircraft can make a rolling landing on anaircraft carrier and come to an effective stop with thedisc brakes in thelanding gear. Unlike a rolling landing on a CATOBAR carrier, this does not require the use of anarrestor wire andtailhook. The operational advantage of this technique is that it can increase the landing payload capacity of a V/STOL aircraft, which can be restricted when it lands vertically. For vertical landing, Harriers need to dump unused fuel and unused munitions to drop below the permissible payload capacity for safe landing.
The SRVL manoeuvre can also reduce the level of wear on the lift engines and extend their operational life. Similarly, it can reduce the amount of wear upon the deck surface of a carrier caused by the downward jet exhaust from vertical landings.
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An SRVL development program was undertaken with by UK defence manufacturerQinetiQ for the planned JSF.[1] In 2007 the company used the Vectored-thrust Aircraft Advanced Control (VAAC)Hawker Siddeley Harrier test aircraft to demonstrate the feasibility of the landing technique on theFrench Navy carrierCharles de Gaulle.[2][better source needed] A series of landing approach trials were also flown with theRoyal Navy carrierHMS Illustrious in 2008. The carrier was fitted with a visual landing aid called a “Bedford Array”, which provides glidepath information to the pilot through a helmet-mounted display.[citation needed]
In October 2015, theUS Navy'sNaval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR) tested rolling landings and takeoffs with theBell Boeing V-22 Ospreytiltrotor on a carrier, preparing forcarrier onboard delivery.[3]
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SRVL landing is under development for use with theLockheed Martin F-35B Lightning II.[4] The aircraft will operate in theSTOVL mode on the first of the newQueen Elizabeth-class aircraft carriers. Rolling landings will enable the F-35B to land on these carriers with an increased weapon and fuel load and will use the aircraft's computer controlled disc brakes. On the weekend of 13/14 October 2018, the Royal Navy announced that British test pilot Peter Wilson made history when he conducted the first-ever shipborne rolling vertical landing (SRVL) with a F-35 Lightning in test aircraft BF-04 ontoHMS Queen Elizabeth.[5] Hersister ship,HMS Prince of Wales, is equipped with the full 'Bedford Array' Visual Landing Aid system. By taking inputs from inertial references to stabilise against deck motions, combined with a ship-referenced velocity vector in a helmet-mounted display, a pilot can fly an accurate approach to the deck on a constant glidepath.