Roosevelt Field Hazelhurst Field Hempstead Plains Aerodrome | |
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 Nearly a thousand people assembled at Roosevelt Field to see Charles Lindbergh take off in theSpirit of St. Louis, May 20, 1927 | |
| Summary | |
| Closed | 1951 |
| Built | 1916 |
| In use | 1916–1951 |
| Commander | Training Section, Air Service (1916–1920) |
| Occupants | .svg) Air Service, United States Army World War I (1916–1920) |
| Coordinates | 40°44′17″N73°36′46″W / 40.737983°N 73.612892°W /40.737983; -73.612892 (Roosevelt Field) |
| Map | |
  Roosevelt Field Roosevelt Field, New York Show map of New York Roosevelt Field Roosevelt Field (Long Island) Show map of Long Island | |
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Roosevelt Field is a former airport, located in theEast Garden City section ofUniondale, onLong Island,New York, United States. Originally called the Hempstead Plains Aerodrome, or sometimes Hempstead Plains field or the Garden City Aerodrome, it was a training field (Hazelhurst Field) for theAir Service, United States Army duringWorld War I.
In 1919, it was renamed in honor of PresidentTheodore Roosevelt's son,Quentin, who was killed in air combat duringWorld War I.
Roosevelt Field was the takeoff point for many historic flights in the early history ofaviation, includingCharles Lindbergh's 1927 solotransatlantic flight.[1] It was also used by other pioneering aviators, includingAmelia Earhart andWiley Post.
TheHempstead Plains Aerodrome originally encompassed 900–1,000 acres (364–405 ha) east of and abutting Clinton Road, south of and adjacent to Old Country Road, and west of Merrick Avenue. A bluff 15 feet in elevation divided the plain into two large fields. TheU.S. Army Signal Corps established theSignal Corps Aviation Station, Mineola, on the west field in July 1916, as a pilot training school for members of theNational Guard.
When the U.S. entered the war in April 1917, the entire field was taken over and renamedHazelhurst Field afterLeighton Wilson Hazelhurst Jr. Hazelhurst was a native of Georgia and was a graduate of theUnited States Military Academy. He reported for aeronautical duty at the Signal Corps Aviation School, Augusta, Georgia, on 2 March 1912. On 11 June 1912, while making a flight at College Park, Maryland, as a passenger in an airplane undergoing acceptance tests, the plane crashed to the ground and both the pilot and Lt. Hazelhurst were killed.[2]
An adjacent tract of land south of the Hempstead branch line of theLong Island Rail Road was acquired for expansion, becomingCamp Mills along Clinton Road andHazelhurst Aviation Field No. 2 to the east, part of the massive Air Service Aviation Concentration Center. Hazelhurst Field No. 2 was renamedMitchel Field on July 16, 1918, to commemorateJohn Purroy Mitchel, the former mayor of New York killed in a flying accident on July 6, 1918, while training with theU.S. Air Service in Louisiana. On September 24, 1918, the Army dedicated the eastern portion of Hazelhurst Field No. 1 asRoosevelt Field.[3]
Air Service units that assigned to Hazelhurst Field were:[4]
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On the morning of 5 July 1919, the BritishR34 (airship) landed after having crossed the Atlantic as the first aircraft to cross in the east–west direction. It later returned to Britain, being the first aircraft to complete an Atlantic crossing in both directions.
After thearmistice, the Air Service authorized several companies to operate from the fields but maintained control until July 1, 1920, at which time the government sold its buildings and improvements and relinquished control of the property.
Once in civilian hands, the owners sold portions along the southern edge of the field and split the remainder of the property into two separate areas.Curtiss Field, a 300-acre (120 ha) airport on the original site of Hazelhurst Field, occupied half of the western portion along Clinton Road. Roosevelt Field occupied the remainder, consisting of seven hangars and a large parking ramp adjacent to Curtiss Field, and an east–west packed clay runway 5,000 feet (1,500 m) in length on the bluff. The area between Curtiss Field and theLong Island Motor Parkway, which ran north of and parallel to Stewart Avenue, became the Old Westbury Golf Course, while the area to the east of the golf course was used as the Meadow Brook Polo Field. Both areas are now completely developed.
In pursuit of theOrteig Prize,René Fonck attempted to take off in theSikorsky S-35 from Roosevelt Field's long runway on September 21, 1926, but the aircraft was severely overweight and stressed the auxiliary landing gear mounted to help support the load, losing a wheel. Unable to gain lift speed, the plane cartwheeled off the end of the bluff and burst into flames, killing two of its crew. The following May, operating from a hangar at Curtiss Field, Charles Lindbergh used the Roosevelt Field runway for the takeoff of theSpirit of St. Louis on his flight to Paris.
Both fields were bought in 1929 by Roosevelt Field, Inc. The western field, called "Unit 2", and the runway atop the bluff, called "Unit 1", were connected by a broad earthen taxi ramp and the consolidated property was named Roosevelt Field. Unit 1 was sold in 1936 and became theRoosevelt Raceway, while Unit 2 continued to operate as an aviation center under the name Roosevelt Field. At its peak in the 1930s, it was America's busiest civilian airfield.
Roosevelt Field was used by the Navy and Army during World War II. After the war, Roosevelt Field reverted to operation as a commercial airport until it was acquired by real estate developers in 1950. The field closed on May 31, 1951.[5]
The eastern field first became an industrial park but is now largely retail shopping, including theMall at The Source on the site of the former runway, and townhouses, while the site of the original flying field in 1911–1916 has become a shopping mall.
Aline Rhonie Hofheimer (1909–1963), painted a 126-foot (38 m) long fresco representing aviation history on Long Island that was displayed in Hangar F beginning in 1938 and was later relocated to theVaughn College of Aeronautics and Technology in Queens, NY.[6]
Manhattan-based real estate companyWebb and Knapp gained a controlling interest in the airfield in 1950 and later built light factories on the former Unit 2. Currently its site is occupied byRoosevelt Field Mall andGarden City Plaza.
This article incorporatespublic domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency
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