| Roonstrasse Synagogue | |
|---|---|
German:Synagoge Roonstraße | |
 The synagogue in 2006 | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Orthodox Judaism |
| Rite | Nusach Ashkenaz |
| Ecclesiastical or organisational status | Synagogue |
| Leadership | Rabbi Yaron Engelmayer |
| Status | Active |
| Location | |
| Location | 50 Roonstraße,Cologne,North Rhine-Westphalia |
| Country | Germany |
  Location of the synagogue inNorth Rhine-Westphalia | |
| Geographic coordinates | 50°55′55″N6°56′11″E / 50.93194°N 6.93639°E /50.93194; 6.93639 |
| Architecture | |
| Architect(s) |
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| Type | Synagogue architecture |
| Style | Romanesque Revival |
| Date established | 1798(as a congregation) |
| Completed |
|
| Destroyed | November 9, 1938 (onKristallnacht; partial) |
| Dome(s) | One |
| Website | |
| synagoge-koeln | |
| [1] | |
Roonstrasse Synagogue (German:Synagoge Roonstraße) is anOrthodoxJewish congregation andsynagogue, located at 50 Roonstraße inCologne,Germany. The synagogue is the only surviving of the five synagogues of Cologne before theNazi era.
The Jewish community in Cologne has the longest history in Germany, being first mentioned in 321. Expelled in 1424, the Jews did not return to Cologne until 1798. In 1815 the community numbered 150, growing to 8000 in 1895, and 18,281 by 1933,[2] the largest in Germany after Berlin.[3]
The foundation stone of theRomanesque Revival style building, designed by Cologne architectsSchreiterer & Below, was laid on October 23, 1895, and the inauguration took place on March 22, 1899. Like all the other synagogues on the city it was attacked and set alight on November 9, 1938, duringKristallnacht. It was further damaged duringWorld War II, when the front portion was completely destroyed leaving only the burnt out tower and central section.[4]
Returned to the surviving Jewish community in 1945, in the late 1950s they decided to completely rebuild, as it was the only one not completely destroyed. The reconstruction was under the direction of the architect Helmut Goldschmidt, with minor changes on the outside and a simplified interior (with new leadlight windows by Lammers & Warzager), and was reopened on September 20, 1959. On Christmas Eve of that year, the synagogue wassmeared with anti-Jewish slogans by members of the far-rightDeutsche Reichspartei. West German ChancellorKonrad Adenauer, who had been mayor of Cologne from 1917 until removed by the Nazi government in 1933, made the desecration the subject in his New Year's speech. Since then it has been center ofJewish community of Cologne, and consists of acommunity center, a small display of items associated withCologne Jewry, and akosherrestaurant. The interior of the reconstructed synagogue has a vast bluedome.
On August 19, 2005,Pope Benedict XVI visited Roonstrasse Synagogue. This visit was the second ever visit to any synagogue by any of thePopes.[5] There, he condemnedNazism andantisemitism.[6]
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| Geographic | |
 .svg) | This article about a synagogue or other Jewish place of worship in Germany is astub. You can help Wikipedia byexpanding it. |
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