Relizane غليزان | |
|---|---|
City | |
 Al Nour Mosque | |
 Location of Taher in theRelizane Province | |
  Relizane Location of Relizane in theAlgeria | |
| Coordinates:35°44′N0°33′E / 35.733°N 0.550°E /35.733; 0.550 | |
| Country | Algeria |
| Province | Relizane Province |
| District | Relizane District |
| APC | 2012-2017 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality |
| • Mayor | Ouagouag Medjaded (FLN) |
| Area | |
• Total | 110.82 km2 (42.79 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 98 m (322 ft) |
| Population (2008[1]) | |
• Total | 123,255 |
| • Density | 1,100/km2 (2,900/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Postal code | 48000 |
| ISO 3166 code | CP |
Relizane[2] orGhilizan (Arabic: غلیزان; is a city inAlgeria. It is the capital city ofRelizane Province.
The name ofRelizane comes from the Berber ⵉⵖⵉⵍ ⵉⵣⵣⴰⵏ (Iɣil Izzan) which means“burnt / grilled hill”. The Turks built a bordj there, hence the nameBordj Ighil Izan, to control the road to Oran. The population is mainly from the Flittas and Beni-Ouragh ofOuarsenis.
The topography within 2 miles of Relizane is only modest variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 210 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 230 feet. Within 16 kilometers, slight variations in altitude only (533 meters). Within 80 kilometers, very significant variations in altitude (1,268 meters).
The region within a 3 kilometer radius of Relizane is covered by cultivated land (47%), artificial surfaces (31%) and sparse vegetation (11%), within a 16 kilometer radius by cultivated land (53 %) and sparse vegetation (31%) and within a radius of 80 kilometers by cultivated land (47%) and sparse vegetation (17%).[3]
n Relizane, the summers are short, sweltering, arid, and mostly clear and the winters are long, cool, windy, and partly cloudy. During the year, the temperature generally ranges from 7°C to 38°C and is rarely below 3°C or above 42°C.[3]
The history of the region dates back to the time of the Kingdom ofNumidia which was between 203 and213 BC. The region takes its name from a stream called Mina. The region of Mina knows under theRoman domination which lasted nearly five centuries, its apogee in the agricultural and commercial development because of the fertility of its grounds and the richness of its soil. Relizane is founded on the location of the ancient RomanCastellum de Mina.
In the year430 AD,the Vandals occupiedNorth Africa and destroyed many cities. At that time, the city of Mina represented the region inthe Carthage Ecclesiastical Council for484 AD and525 AD.[4]
Islam made its appearance in the western region in 681, in 719-720 the Arab warriors led by Moussa Ibn Noçaïr settled in the city.
In the nineteenth century, agriculture was very often threatened by frequent droughts. It was not in1852 that French troops occupied Relizane, a colonial settlement centre was created by imperial decree on 27 February 1857 that wasd was elevated to the rank of a full-service commune on 5 February 1871.
In1844, the French engineers repaired the old dam; the old hydraulic works were partially restored in the 18th century). In1853, the first Europeans settled in the plain and cultivated small areas of wheat and barley plus a few areas of tobacco that were quickly abandoned sincemalaria killed so many people although the creation of Relizane was not decided until January 1857. Since then, certain houses built after theAlgiers-Oran railway have given it a new face. In the meantime, the European population was increasing.
The French come from the country's south (Gard) and the Spaniards fromValencia,Alicante,Murcia andAlmería. About 20 farms cultivated cotton. The city then experienced a prodigious development, but disease, drought abd insufficient harvests slowed down any progress. Also the natural disaster that preceded the imperial voyage was the main reason for the incident on 6 May1865. In the south of Oran the revolt of theOuled Sidi Cheikh broke out because of the discontent of the population since [[1860]. The disillusion and the unkept promises by the French were at the origin of one of the biggest insurrections, which lasted until1896.
A labor camp is used to imprison Spanish Republican refugees at the end of theSpanish Civil War ([La Retirada]]).
The population of Relizane took part in the national liberation struggle and made the city part of the contemporary history ofAlgeria against French colonization.
| 1975 | 1987 | 1990 | 2000 | 1998 | 2008 | 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 48094 | 83 864 | 96109 | 119855 | 111 186 | 130 094 | 147720 |
| The ancient bridge[6] |  |
| Mina archaeological site[7] | |
| Al Noor Mosque[8] |  |
| Al jamaa Al kabeer[9] |  |
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Geographic | |
| Other | |
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