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Saint Jonas' Festival, also known asRasos (Dew Holiday),Joninės,Kupolė,Midsummer Day orSaint John's Day) is amidsummerfolk festival celebrated on 24 June all aroundLithuania. The celebrations often involve flower wreaths, bonfires and torchlit processions, and music and dancing.
The festival is a Christan festival celebrated widely in the Baltics, and is celebrated the night before the Feast Day of Saint John the Baptist.[1][2][3] This coincides with the summer solstice, when the day is longest and the night the shortest in the year, and so the festival also has pagan roots.[4][1] The festival is also called Rasos or Kupolė (the Feast of the Dews).[5]
Celebrations may include reference to the hunt for the magic fern flower, torchlight processions, and traditional dance and music. A bonfire or pyrotechnics shows are also common elements of the celebrations, as well as weaving flower crowns out of flowers and herbs.[3][2]
Some rituals involved girls decorating a pole (theKupolė) with flowers and plants, and defending it from young men for several days, after which the flowers and grasses would be divided amongst the girls, and were considered to have protective powers against illness.[5] There may be jumping over the bonfire, or there may be a tall pole with a wheel set at the top, and the wheel is lit on fire.[5]
The magic fern flower is said to flower for one moment only, at midnight, and it must be searched for in silence, and brings good luck to anyone who finds it.[1]
Other rituals revolve around the dew, which is important for harvests. The midsummer dew may be believed to have special properties. Dew would be collected on midsummer night, and sprinkled on the garden, or applied to people's faces, or used to bathe sick people.[2]
