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| Princess Gyeonghwa 경화공주 慶華公主 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Queen consort ofGoryeo | |||||||||
| Tenure | 1333–1339 | ||||||||
| Coronation | 1333 | ||||||||
| Predecessor | Princess Joguk | ||||||||
| Successor | Princess Deoknyeong | ||||||||
| Monarch | King Chungsuk | ||||||||
| Royal consort ofGoryeo | |||||||||
| Tenure | ?–1344 | ||||||||
| Predecessor | Royal Consort Im | ||||||||
| Monarch | King Chunghye | ||||||||
| Born | Bayankhutag Yuan dynasty | ||||||||
| Died | 24 July 1344 Goryeo | ||||||||
| Burial | 1344 Unknown | ||||||||
| Spouse | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| House | House of Wang (by marriage) | ||||||||
| Father | Amuga (disputed) | ||||||||
| Princess Gyeonghwa | |
| Hangul | 경화공주 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | 慶華公主 |
| Revised Romanization | Gyeonghwa Gongju |
| McCune–Reischauer | Kyŏnghwa Kongju |
| Birth name | |
| Hangul | 바얀후트 or 백안홀도 |
| Hanja | 伯顔忽都 |
| Revised Romanization | Bayanhuteu or Baeganholdo |
| McCune–Reischauer | Payanhut'ŭ or Paeganholto |
Bayankhutag (Mongolian:Баян хутаг;Middle Mongolian:ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠺᠣᠲᠣᠭ;Korean: 백안홀도;Hanja: 伯顔忽都), more commonly known by her Korean royal title asPrincess Gyeonghwa (Korean: 경화공주;Hanja: 慶華公主; d. 24 July 1344) was aYuan dynasty woman who became a Korean royal consort as the third wife ofKing Chungsuk of Goryeo. After his death, she wasraped by herstepson, thus sheforced to marry him.[1]
Mysteries surround Bayankhutag's lineage, but since the "Baekan clan" (백안;伯顔) were nobles at that time, it was believed that she was born into the noble family.Masahiko Morihira has suggested that she was the sister or half-sister ofPrincess Joguk,King Chungsuk's wife.[2] After her sister's death in 1325, Bayankhutagmarried her sister's husband, probably between 1330 and 1333 when the King stayed inYuan dynasty and not long after that they two went back toGoryeo.[3]
King Chungsuk died in 1339, after which Bayankhutag stayed inGoryeo. TheGoryeosa records that, during a meal in her apartments one night, her stepson,Chunghye of Goryeo, got drunk and raped her.[4] The next day, Bayankhutag attempted to flee to theYuan ambassador for help to leave Goryeo, but Chunghye issued a ban on horses in the city, so she could not leave. He then had her imprisoned in Yeongnak Palace (영락궁;永樂宮), told the court that she was ill, and posted guards around her apartments.[5] TheYuan emissary eventually visited the palace and insisted that Bayankhutag be released and Chunghye take her as a consort.[6]
As consort, Bayankhutag is recorded to have offered advice in choosing officials in theYuan Goryeo government.[7] She died in 1344.[8] In 1367, she received her posthumous name from theYuan dynasty.[2]
King Chunghye died in 1344 while on the road to exile and Bayankhutag then died not long after that. Her funeral was held on 18th days 9th months (Lunar calendar) in the same year and gave her new title asPrincess Gyeonghwa (경화공주;慶華公主). Later, in 1367, the Yuan dynasty bestowed royal titlePrincess Sukgong Hwiryeong (숙공휘령공주;肅恭徽寧公主) as herposthumous name.