| Pretender | |
|---|---|
 Pretender, by an unknown artist, circa 1869 | |
| Sire | Adventurer |
| Grandsire | Newminster |
| Dam | Ferina |
| Damsire | Venison |
| Sex | Stallion |
| Foaled | 1866 |
| Country | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland |
| Colour | Bay or Brown |
| Breeder | William Sadler |
| Owner | John Johnstone Robert Jardine |
| Trainer | Thomas Dawson |
| Record | 15: 5-2-3 (incomplete) |
| Major wins | |
| 2000 Guineas (1869) Epsom Derby (1869) | |
Pretender (1866–1878) was a BritishThoroughbred racehorse andsire. After showing promise as a two-year-old in 1868 he improved to become a top class performer in the early part of the following year. He won the2000 Guineas atNewmarket andThe Derby. Pretender was the last horse trained in the North of England to win the Derby untilDante in 1945; no other has won since. He failed to complete theTriple Crown when he was beaten in theSt Leger atDoncaster. Pretender’s form subsequently deteriorated and he failed to record any significant wins despite staying in training for two more seasons. He made no impression as a stallion.
Pretender was a bay or brown horse standing 16hands high bred by William Sadler of Doncaster and sold for 400guineas[1] as a yearling to the trainer Thomas Dawson, acting on behalf of John Johnstone. Johnstone remained the colt's official owner throughout his career but owned him jointly withSir Robert Jardine.[2] Pretender was sent into training with Dawson at his stables at Tupgill Park nearMiddleham,North Yorkshire.[3]
Pretender was from the first crop of foals sired by Adventurer, who won eight races and went on to become a successful stallion, taking the title ofChampion sire in 1874. His dam, Ferina, who had previously produced the 2000 Guineas runner-up St. Hubert, was twenty-two years old when Pretender was foaled. After Pretender's birth she was barren and was shot in April 1869, shortly before Pretender'sClassic successes.[1]
As a two-year-old Pretender ran four times and won twice. The more important of his wins came in the North of England Biennial Stakes atYork, a race previously won byBlair Athol. He finished third in the Lambton Plate atStockton-on-Tees Racecourse.In October, he was sent south for theMiddle Park Plate at Newmarket, one of the season's most prestigious races for two-year-olds. He finished third in the £1,000 race behind Pero Gomez and the future1000 Guineas winner Scottish Queen.[4]
In early 1869, Pretender was "favourably regarded" as a Derby contender, along with Pero Gomez, Belladrum and Wild Oats.[5] On his three-year-old debut on 27 April, Pretender started 3/1 favourite[6] for the 2000 Guineas, a race for which Pero Gomez was not entered.[7] Ridden by John Osborne he won by half a length from Belladrum.[8] The riding of the runner-up was strongly criticised, with suggestions that some of the biggestbookmakers (the "leviathans") had been involved in his defeat.[9]
Pretender was made the 11/8 favourite for the Derby on 26 May in a field of twenty-two runners.[6] The race attracted the customary large crowd including thePrince andPrincess of Wales and foreign dignitaries such as theNawab of Bengal and theCrown Prince of Denmark.[10] Pretender raced prominently, just behind thepacemakers and turned into the straight in second place. Osborne sent the favourite to the front two furlongs from the finish, just as Pero Gomez was badly hampered in a collision with two other runners. In the final furlong, Pretender turned back a challenge from The Drummer, but was then pressed by John Wells on Pero Gomez who finished very strongly. On the line Pretender prevailed by a short head, although the result was in considerable doubt for several moments until the judge's verdict was announced, and Wells was convinced that he had won. The win was well received, partly on account of the popularity of Osborne, who was winning the race for the first time.[11] After the Derby, Pero Gomez’s owner,Sir Joseph Hawley, attempted to lodge an objection on the grounds that Sadler, Pretender’s original owner, had died, making all the horse’s entries void. Sadler informed the authorities by telegram[12] that he was alive and well, leading to some embarrassment on Hawley’s part.[3]
Pretender won the Great Northern “St Leger” at Stockton in August, but was beginning to show symptoms of the respiratory condition known asRoarer Syndrome, which increasingly prevented him from exerting himself fully.[3]In the St Leger on 15 September he started 5/6 favourite in a field of eleven runners despite rumours[13] that he was not in good form. He was held up in the early stages but could make no progress in the straight and tired in the closing stages to finish fourth, six lengths behind Pero Gomez. In the one and a half mile Doncaster Stakes two days later he was ridden closer to the lead but was again beaten easily by Pero Gomez, finishing second by a length.[14] In October he showed slightly better form to finish second, beaten a neck by the French outsider Boulogne, to whom he was conceding sevenpounds in the Newmarket Derby.[15]
Pretender stayed in training at four but his “roaring” was becoming more serious and he failed to reproduce his best form. In July 1870 he finished unplaced as a 100/1 outsider in theStewards' Cup atGoodwood.[16] He ran at the St Leger meeting at Doncaster in September, finishing among the back markers in thePortland Handicap.[17]
At five, Pretender’s form deteriorated further. He ran three times at Goodwood in July, finishing unplaced in the Stewards' Cup, the Chichester Stakes and the Chesterfield Cup.[18]
Pretender retired to stand at the Fairfield Stud near York. He failed to attract many mares and was later moved to a stud at Sheffield Lane Paddocks where he stood at a fee of 40 guineas.[1] He failed to produce any runners of consequence before his death in 1878. He was buried atBrecongill near Middleham, where a large stone still marks the spot.[19][20]
| Sire Adventurer (GB) 1859 | Newminster 1848 | Touchstone | Camel |
|---|---|---|---|
| Banter | |||
| Beeswing | Dr Syntax | ||
| Ardrossan mare | |||
| Palma 1840 | Emilius | Orville | |
| Emily | |||
| Francesca | Partisan* | ||
| Orville mare | |||
| Dam Ferina (GB) 1844 | Venison 1833 | Partisan* | Walton |
| Parasol | |||
| Fawn | Smolensko | ||
| Jerboa | |||
| Partiality 1830 | Middleton | Phantom | |
| Web | |||
| Favourite | Blucher | ||
| Scheherazade (Family: 10) |
Pretender wasinbred 3 × 4 to Partisan. This means that the stallion appears in both the third and fourth generations of his pedigree.
pretender derby winner 1869.