Poltpalingada Booboorowie | |
|---|---|
 Walker,c. 1880 | |
| Born | c. 1830 Lake Albert, South Australia |
| Died | (1901-07-04)4 July 1901 (aged 70–71) Adelaide, South Australia |
| Other names | Tommy Walker |
| Known for | ProminentFringe dweller inAdelaide,South Australia during the 1890s |
Poltpalingada Booboorowie (c. 1830 – 4 July 1901) was a prominentAboriginal man of theThooree clan of theNgarrindjeri nation, who lived among the community offringe dwellers inAdelaide,South Australia during the 1890s. He was a well-known and popular figure among Adelaide residents, who knew him asTommy Walker, and his antics and court appearances were reported upon regularly in the newspapers.
After his death, his remains became the subject of a scandal when it was discovered that the citycoroner,William Ramsay Smith, had removed his remains before burial and sent his body to theUniversity of Edinburgh as ananthropological specimen.
Walker was born in the early 19th century on the shores ofLake Albert in the upper south-east of South Australia. While young, Walker's father was reportedly killed in a tribal fight with the neighboringKaurna people. He occasionally worked for local settlers, and he may have travelled to theVictorian goldfields in the 1850s.
Walker spent most of his life travelling between the fringe camps inhabited by displaced Aboriginals and, although he spurned white settlements and the restrictions of mission life, frequently visited the Point McLeay Mission (Raukkan) on the banks ofLake Alexandrina. Often arrested for drinking offences he was popular in Point McLeay for his wit. One story that became almost legendary regarded his church attendances. Whenever the communion cup was passed to Walker, he would drain it then call out,Fill 'im up again. From the 1870s he was never seen without his companion Mary.
In the late 1880s, Walker and Mary joined the Fringe dwellers that lived in theAdelaide Park Lands. In 1892 Mary died and Ada Niledalli became his companion. Photographs show him as a thick set man with bushy hair, a full white "flour bag" beard and grey felt top hat, wearing a ragged jacket or tail-coat, and barefooted.[citation needed]
A renownedmimic with a "sharp wit and acid tongue" Walker spoke fluent English and was especially fluent in what the media called "condemnatory passages". His popularity with the public was such that the government gave him a pass for free travel on public transport, and the newspapers referred to him as thechartered libertine of the metropolis. He also had the gift ofretort and it is related that one day he was travelling in a first class rail carriage when a Government Minister said "Hello Tommy, how do you come here?", Walker immediately replied "All the same as bloody member of Parliament, got a free pass."[1]
The local newspapers regularly reported on his movements, activities and his numerous appearances in court, usually on charges of being drunk, using insulting language or begging. Walker's begging was popular with the public as it resembledstreet theatre in which he would recount his most recent arrest, parodying the magistrate bringing down his sentence and imposing a fine. As Aboriginals had free access to public gatherings, he frequentedfootball andcricket matches atAdelaide Oval where he would entertain the crowd with dramatic recreations of his police court appearances, alternatively playing the part of both the magistrate and offender. Walker became a common sight in Adelaide, walking the streets with Ada and his dogs while being followed by dozens of children. He once told a reporter; "It's a funny thing that a gentleman can't walk along the footpath without a crowd of kids after him".[citation needed]
Walker's arrests were so frequent (and reported) that a rhyme about him was popular among schoolchildren who generally idolised him:
Tommy Walker, walk up here
You are charged with drinking beer
Forty bob you'll have to pay
Or down below you'll have to stay
Ta-ra-ra-ra-boom-de-ay.
Walker saw the song as a compliment and often sang it himself at public gatherings. The fines he accumulated were always paid by public donations or from the proceeds of his begging.[citation needed]
Booboorowie was the subject of several portraits by the Adelaide artistOscar Friström,[2][3] one of which was bought bySir Edwin Smith for theNational Gallery of South Australia in 1894.[4]
It was arranged that on 9 July 1901, theDuke of Cornwall (the future kingGeorge V) was to visit Adelaide and by official decree, Adelaide's Aboriginals were "deported" toEncounter Bay, 100 km (60 mi) south of Adelaide. Wanting to see the Duke, Walker and several other Aboriginals walked back to Adelaide. Walker was found to be in a "weak and feeble" condition from the effects of the cold weather and was admitted to theAdelaide Hospital but left on 28 June and returned to hiswurlie in the parklands. He was later returned to the hospital where he died fromhypothermia on 4 July.
TheAdelaide Stock Exchange paid for his headstone, and Walker was buried in theWest Terrace Cemetery.[5]
In 1903 it was discovered that the coroner, Dr.William Ramsay Smith, had removed his skeleton before burial and sent it to theUniversity of Edinburgh as an "anthropological specimen", making up the missing weight in the coffin with sand.[6] The revelation led to public outrage, and Aboriginal people began refusing to attend the Adelaide Hospital when sick. Smith was suspended and charges were laid against him for "the misuse of human remains". Aboard of inquiry found that the coroner's actions had been "indiscreet", and he was dismissed from his position as coroner. However, Smith was later reinstated and continued his practice of collecting remains.[7]
TheAborigines Friends Association wrote to the government on behalf of the mission residents after the discovery, asking to arrange for his remains to be returned, but their request was not taken seriously.[6]
In the early 1990s, theUniversity of Edinburgh became the first British institution torepatriate Aboriginal remains, and Walker's bones were ceremoniously buried at Raukkan.[7]
