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Thepick and roll (also called aball screen orscreen and roll) inbasketball is an offensive play in which a player sets ascreen (pick) for a teammate handling the ball and then moves toward the basket (rolls) to receive a pass. In theNBA, the play came into vogue in the 1990s and has developed into the league's most common offensive action.[1] There are, however, many ways in which the defense can also counter the offensive screen.
The play (in its elementary form) involves three players. The play begins with adefender guarding a ballhandler. The ballhandler moves toward a teammate, who sets a "screen" (or "pick") by standing in the way of the defender, who is separated from the moving ballhandler. The defender is forced to choose between guarding the ballhandler or the screener. If the defender tries to guard the ballhandler, then the screener can move toward the basket (as the player defending the screener may try to trap or guard the ballhandler, giving the screener space) sometimes by a footpivot ("roll") and is now open for apass. If the defender chooses instead to guard the screening teammate, then the ballhandler has an open shot.[2][3] Alternatively, the ballhandler may pass the ball to an open teammate.[1] A well-executed pick and roll is the result of teamwork,[3] but many players fail by executing the play too quickly; they must ignore the defense and control their own speed.[4]
Defending the pick and roll is a tactical challenge. The screener's defender alerts histeammate of the screen.[citation needed] Options are "switch" - defenders swap assignments, or "hedge" - the screener's defender impedes theballhandler.[citation needed] Each choice carries risks, like mismatches or gaps in defense. Success lies inagility, communication, and coordination.[citation needed]
The pick and roll is often employed by a shorterguard handling the ball and a tallerforward orcenter setting the screen; if the taller defender switches to guard the ballhandler, then the offensive team can have favorable mismatches. The shorter guard has a speed advantage over the taller defender, while the taller forward/center has a size advantage over the shorter defender.
A successful pick and roll play may result in the screener being in position to receive a pass with a clear path for an easy shot, with the chance of drawing afoul as other defenders move toward the play to try to preventpenetration. It may alternately lead to the ballhandler being momentarily without a defender and thus free to pass to any open teammate, or take anuncontested shot, which greatly improves the chance of scoring, again with the chance of drawing a foul as the screened defender hurries to get back into the play.
The success of the strategy depends largely on the ballhandler, who must recognize the situation quickly and make a decision whether to take the shot, pass to the screener who is rolling (if the defender switches) or pass to another open teammate (if other defenders come to help).[2] The screener also must recognize the open spaces of the court to roll to and be alert to receive the pass and finish the play.
Variations of the pick and roll are thepick and pop (orpick and fade), where the screener moves for an openjump shot instead of rolling to the basket, or thepick and slip, where the screener fakes setting a screen before slipping behind the defender to accept the pass.
The pick and pop is an offensive play that is a derivative of the classic pick and roll. Instead of rolling toward the basket, the player setting the pick moves to an open area of the court to receive a pass from the ballhandler for a jump shot ("pop").
The premise of the two plays is the same: a ballhandler uses a teammate's pick to attract the attention of two defensive players to free his teammate for a scoring opportunity. A successful pick and pop relies on a ballhandler who demands constant defensive attention and a teammate with an accurate jump shot or alayup if by the rim.
In the NBA,John Stockton andKarl Malone of theUtah Jazz used this play to great effect in the 1990s,[2] leading their team to theNBA Finals in 1997 and 1998. Stockton, apoint guard, was a good shooter and exceptional decision maker and Malone, apower forward, was a great finisher. When they were teammates on thePhoenix Suns,Steve Nash andAmar'e Stoudemire also utilized the high-screen pick and roll to great success.[1][4] TheGolden State Warriors' combination of point guardStephen Curry and power forwardDraymond Green are noted for their use of a stutter step high pick-and-roll set: Curry's long-range shooting ability often creates situations where the opposing team will attempt to double up their defenders against him. Curry will pass to Green as he rolls out of the screen, allowing Green to lead a 4-on-3 offense with the option to pass to wing shooters, lob analley-oop or drive to the basket.[5] According toSynergy Sports Technology, use of the pick and roll in the NBA rose from 15.6% of total plays in the2004–05 NBA season to 18.6% in the2008–09 NBA season.[1] Another avid user of this move was Chris Paul, who was known for completing this move with his teammate DeAndre Jordan on the Los Angles Clippers from 2011-2017.
Some of the most effective pick and roll duets in theEuroleague have beenDimitris Diamantidis andMike Batiste ofPanathinaikos B.C.,[6]Kostas Sloukas andJan Veselý ofFenerbahçe İstanbul andSergio Rodriguez andKyle Hines ofCSKA Moscow.[7]
The pick and roll was also used extensively inbox lacrosse, the sport played in theNational Lacrosse League.
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