This is a list of thePatriarchs of Grado (north-eastern Italy).[1][2]
The patriarchate came into being when the schismaticPatriarch of Aquileia,Paulinus (557–569), moved toGrado in the mid 6th century. But in its reunion withRome in 606, a rival office was set up inOld-Aquileia. Initially, the patriarchs in Grado claimed the title ofPatriarch of Aquileia but in the early 700s it was officially changed toPatriarch of Grado. Old-Aquileia later entered communion with Rome but was able to keep its independence and title from Grado. Throughout their history, the patriarchs of Grado, with the support of Venice, fought military, politically, and ecclesiastically the patriarchs of Aquileia, who were supported by the Lombards, then the Carolingians and the Holy Roman Emperors.[3] The dispute between Grado and Aquileia was partially resolved in 1132 byPope Innocent II, who restored many of the traditional episcopates to Aquileia, including the Diocese of Istria, while giving Grado theVenetian Lagoon, Split, and the Dalmatian islands of Arbe, Veglia and Ossero.[3]Adrian IV placed theArchdiocese of Zadar under the jurisdiction of the Patriarchate of Grado, making it a true patriarchate with a metropolitan see under it, the only patriarchate of this kind in Western Europe besides Rome.[4] After 1349, the patriarch of Grado and his subordinates were chosen by the Venetian Senate, and the names merely sent to Rome for confirmation.[3] In 1451, with the papal bullRegis aeterni,Nicholas V merged the see of Grado withCastello to form theArchdiocese of Venice. The Patriarch of Venice derived its patriarchal rank from Grado. Throughout its existence, the Patriarchate of Grado was tied to the rising and powerful city of Venice, which was in the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of Grado, rather than to the small city of Grado.[5] The Patriarchs often resided in the church ofSan Silvestro in Venice where they were officially 'visitors', since canon law did not allow them to reside permanently in territory of another diocese (Venice was part of theDiocese of Castello).[5]
In 1451 the Patriarchate of Grado was merged with the Bishopric of Castello and Venice to form theArchdiocese of Venice.
In 1968Pope Paul VI reestablished Grado as a titular archbishopric
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