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| Other names | Synhexyl, n-hexyl-Δ3-THC, (C6)-Δ6a(10a)-THC |
| Drug class | Cannabinoid |
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| Formula | C22H32O2 |
| Molar mass | 328.496 g·mol−1 |
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Parahexyl, also known assynhexyl, is a synthetichomologue oftetrahydrocannabinol (THC) which was invented in 1941 during attempts to elucidate the structure of Δ9-THC, one of the active components ofcannabis.[2][3][4]
Parahexyl is similar in both structure and activity to THC, differing only in the position of one double bond and the lengthening of the3-pentyl chain by one CH2 group ton-hexyl.[5] Parahexyl produces effects typical of othercannabinoid receptoragonists in animals. It has a somewhat higher oralbioavailability than THC itself but is otherwise very similar.[6] Presumably, it acts as aCB1 receptoragonist in the same way as THC, but as there has been no research published using parahexyl since the discovery of the CB1 receptor, this has not been definitively confirmed.
Parahexyl was occasionally used as ananxiolytic in the mid-20th century, the dosage ranging from 5 mg to 90 mg.[7][8]
Parahexyl was made illegal underUN convention in 1971 on the basis of its structural similarity and similar effects profile to THC. Parahexyl was placed into the most restrictiveSchedule I[9] as a compound with no medical use.
At least three isomers of parahexyl have been studied and are known to be active as cannabinoids. Parahexyl itself (i.e. the Δ6a(10a) isomer) has not had any significant use in scientific research since it was banned internationally in the early 1980s; however, the Δ8 and Δ9 isomers are both known to be cannabinoid receptor agonists, and Δ8-parahexyl has the code number JWH-124,[10][11] while Δ9-parahexyl has been isolated fromCannabis plant material and assigned the nametetrahydrocannabihexol (THCH).[12]
| 7 double bond isomers of parahexyl and their 30 stereoisomers | |||||||
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| Dibenzopyran numbering | Monoterpenoid numbering | Number of stereoisomers | Natural occurrence | Convention on Psychotropic Substances Schedule | |||
| Short name | Chiral centers | Full name | Short name | Chiral centers | |||
| Δ6a(7)-parahexyl | 9 and 10a | 3-hexyl-8,9,10,10a-tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol | Δ4-parahexyl | 1 and 3 | 4 | No | unscheduled |
| Δ7-parahexyl | 6a, 9 and 10a | 3-hexyl-6a,9,10,10a-tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol | Δ5-parahexyl | 1, 3 and 4 | 8 | No | unscheduled |
| Δ8-parahexyl | 6a and 10a | 3-hexyl-6a,7,10,10a-tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol | Δ6-parahexyl | 3 and 4 | 4 | No | unscheduled |
| Δ9,11-parahexyl | 6a and 10a | 3-hexyl-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6,6-dimethyl-9-methylene-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol | Δ1(7)-parahexyl | 3 and 4 | 4 | No | unscheduled |
| Δ9-parahexyl | 6a and 10a | 3-hexyl-6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol | Δ1-parahexyl | 3 and 4 | 4 | No | unscheduled |
| Δ10-parahexyl | 6a and 9 | 3-hexyl-6a,7,8,9-tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol | Δ2-parahexyl | 1 and 4 | 4 | No | unscheduled |
| Δ6a(10a)-parahexyl | 9 | 3-hexyl-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol | Δ3-parahexyl | 1 | 2 | No | Schedule I |
Note that 6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol is the same as 6H-benzo[c]chromen-1-ol.
