Palilula Палилула (Serbian) | |
|---|---|
.png) Coat of arms | |
 | |
| Coordinates:44°48′42″N20°30′58″E / 44.81167°N 20.51611°E /44.81167; 20.51611 | |
| Country |  Serbia |
| City |  Belgrade |
| Status | Municipality |
| Settlements | 8 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality of Belgrade |
| • Mun. president | Ivana Medić (SNS) |
| Area | |
| 450.62 km2 (173.99 sq mi) | |
| • Urban | 70.34 km2 (27.16 sq mi) |
| Population (2022) | |
| 182,624 | |
| • Density | 410/km2 (1,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 11000 |
| Area code | +381(0)11 |
| Car plates | BG |
| Website | www |
Palilula (Serbian Cyrillic: Палилула,pronounced[pǎlilula]) is amunicipality of the city ofBelgrade. It has the largest area of all municipalities of Belgrade. The core of Palilula is close to the center of the city, but the municipality also includes sparsely populated land left of theDanube.
Palilula is located east ofTerazije in downtown Belgrade. Like most of Belgrade's neighborhoods it has no firm boundaries and is roughly bordered by theRuzveltova street and the municipality and neighborhood ofZvezdara on the east, the neighborhood ofHadžipopovac in its own municipality on the north, the neighborhood and municipality ofStari Grad andJevremovac on the northwest (Jevremovac actually belongs to the neighborhood of Palilula, but administratively is part of Stari Grad), and theTašmajdan andBulevar kralja Aleksandra on the south, bordering the municipality ofVračar.
Six local communities, sub-municipal administrative units, which make up the neighborhood of Palilula had a population of 36,216 in 1981,[2] 35,579 in 1991,[3] 34,559 in 2002[4] and 26,942 in 2011.[5] Palilula in the narrowest sense (local communities ofStara Palilula andStarina Novak, excluding the neighborhoods of Tašmajdan, Hadžipopovac, Profesorska Kolonija and Bogoslovija) had a population of 12,638 in 1981, 12,178 in 1991, 11,590 in 2002 and 9,817 in 2011.
First houses in the area were built in the 16th century. In the direction from today's Tašmajdan andCvijićeva street there were gardens, vineyards, pastures but also mills and summer houses of the wealthier citizens of Belgrade. The neighborhood originated in the first half of the 18th century, when theHabsburg monarchy occupied northern Serbia 1717–1739. The settlement, built as an outer suburb of Belgrade, was originally namedKarlstadt and was known for agriculture and skilled crafts and was considered as the most beautiful part of Belgrade at that time. In the early 19th century, it became overwhelmingly populated by theSerbs and was described as "the village one quarter of the hour walk" away from Belgrade.[6] At the time, the village was made of small huts and hovels and mostly populated by the inhabitants from eastern Serbia.[7]
In the 1830s, ruling princeMiloš Obrenović ordered his brotherJevrem Obrenović to resettle theSavamala neighborhood, located along theSava river, and extending from the still Ottoman heldBelgrade Fortress. Jevrem selected 30 families and settled them on the right bank of the Bulbulder stream.[8] In 1840, villagers of Palilula rejected the regulatory plan of Belgrade, on the basis that projected new streets would be too wide, and later even tried to split from the municipality of Belgrade because of the city government's low funding for the village. However, in the late 19th century Palilula became part of the continuously built-up area of Belgrade. The neighborhood was mostly residential, with commercial facilities closer to the center of Belgrade. When Belgrade was divided into sixquarters in 1860, Palilula was one of them. By the census of 1883 it became the most populous one in Belgrade with 7,318 inhabitants,[9] and that number grew to 10,563 in 1890.[6]
In 1930, a large, wooden stadium was built in the neighborhood. A work ofMomir Korunović, it was constructed in only two months for theslet, a massive gymnastic festival held as part of theSokol movement. It had a capacity of 45,000 spectators. In terms of architecture, it was noted for its ornamented doors, which Korunović embellished with the elements carved in the Serbian national style. After theslet was finished, the construction was dismantled and re-used as a mobile construction for other festivities. On the location of the stadium, the building of the University of Belgrade's Mechanical Engineering Faculty is situated today.[10]
A section of Palilula is dedicated to thehajdukStarina Novak. Features bearing his name include the street, a local community, an elementary school founded in 1922 and a park. Area occupied by the park today, bounded by the streets ofStarine Novaka,Cvijićeva andDalmatinska, was named Starina Novak Square until 1954. In October 2017 city administration announced that a monument to Starina Novak will be erected in the park.[11] The park covers 0.28 hectares (0.69 acres). Pedestrian square along the Takovska Street has also been adapted into the Palilula Park, which covers 0.23 hectares (0.57 acres).[12] The Starina Novak park was thoroughly rearranged in the fall of 2023.[13]
Area bounded by the streets ofStanoja Glavaša,Dalmatinska,Starine Novaka andKneza Danila was, for the most part, occupied by the complex of the IKL factory. Before World War II, it was theRogožarski factory, the first aircraft factory inYugoslavia. After the war new Communist authorities nationalized the company, while the factory complex in Palilula was transformed into the IKL (ball bearing factory) in 1948.[14] The complex was demolished and in 2015 construction of the residential and commercial neighborhood of "Central Garden" began. Apart from the commercial and business sections, it will have 400 apartments. In November 2017 a construction of the 16-storey "Business Garden Tower" was announced, with the deadline of 18 months.[15]
In September 2019 it was announced that the area of the former open air shopping mall (demolished in 2017), stretching between the Kraljice Marije and Knez Danilova streets, will be adapted into the Raša Popov Park. It is named after the children's authorRaša Popov [sr], who lived in one of the neighboring buildings until his death in 2017. His bust will also be placed in the park,[16] which in total covers 2,800 m2 (30,000 sq ft).[17] Citizen disproved the original design of "concrete park", asking for more green areas, so city changed the project. The park was scheduled to be finished in the spring of 2020.[18] It was also decided to build a full, 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) tall monument of Popov with book and umbrella, instead of a bust. The sculpture is made by Boris Deheljan, from steelbolts andnuts. It should be dedicated in July 2020.[19] Deadline was then moved for September 2020 as city claimed the reconstruction is extremely complicated.[20] The space was opened on 17 October 2020, but instead of the proper park it was adapted into the Plateau of Raša Popov.[21]
Apocryphal,folk etymology stories claim that namepalilula came from the expressionpali lulu which inEnglish meanslight apipe. One anecdote goes back to times when Belgrade and Serbia were occupied by theOttoman Empire and Palilula was the area where most crops were, so Turkish rulers banned smoking due to a few instances ofaccidentally setting crops on fire. In the late summer and early autumn when all the crops had been harvested, the smoking ban was lifted and locals announced this by calling neighbors, letting them know that pipes might be lit. Another explanation comes from the time of PrinceMiloš Obrenović's rule; he banned smoking in Belgrade so people could only smoke outside the city gates.
However, chroniclers claim that the origin of the name comes from the brickyards which were located along the right bank of the Bulbulder stream. After the mud for bricks was mixed, shaped in molds and dried in the sun, the bricks were stacked to form conical shapes. The straw was then placed beneath, and set on fire, to bake and harden the bricks. The smoke vents beneath the bricks were calledlula ("pipe"), hence the name.[8]
The area of Palilula is generally the north of Belgrade. It is the northernmost of all Belgrade's municipalities and the easternmost of all municipalities. It is located on both banks of theDanube, which divides it in two:Šumadija section (on the right bank) andBanat section (on the left bank).
Šumadija section borders the municipalities of Stari Grad to the west, Vračar and Zvezdara to the south andGrocka to the extreme southeast. It also has a river border on the Danube to the province ofVojvodina (Municipality ofPančevo).
Banat section has no land borders to the other Belgrade municipalities, but has a river border on the Danube to the municipalities ofZemun and Stari Grad. The Danube also forms a complete western border to the rest of theSyrmia region in Vojvodina (municipality ofStara Pazova), while the riverTamiš is the eastern border (municipalities of Pančevo andOpovo). On the extreme north, Palilula borders the municipality ofZrenjanin (village ofČenta on theKaraš canal which connects the Danube and the Tamiš).
Šumadija section marks the northernmost point of Šumadija withKaraburma headland extending into the Danube. The prominent features in this part are the hills of Karaburma andMilićevo brdo, thespa ofVišnjička Banja and the peninsula (formerly an island)Ada Huja.
Banat section is the extreme southwestern part of Banat region, known asPančevački Rit. A 400 km2 (150 sq mi) large, flat, marshyfloodplain of the Danube and Tamiš, it has been drained since 1945 but still has many features of a swamp, including slow, meandering and flooding streams (Vizelj,Mokri Sebeš,Jojkićev Dunavac,Dunavac, etc.) and marshy bogs (Sebeš,Veliko Blato,Široka Bara). An island ofKožara is located on the Danube, and is the projected starting point of the planned, much larger, artificial island ofČaplja. The spa ofOvčanska Banja is also located here. The area close to the Danube is heavily forested.
In the Pančevački Rit section there are two official, unfenced hunting grounds. One is named Pančevački Rit, while the other is called simply Rit. The Rit is located near Padinska Skela, 15 km (9.3 mi) from Belgrade along theZrenjaninski put. It covers an area of 82.63 km2 (31.90 sq mi), of which 0.5 km2 (0.19 sq mi) is apheasantry. Animals bred in the facility includeroe deer,hare,quail,mallard,greylag goose and 13,000pheasants per year.[22]
The municipality was created in 1956. On January 3, 1957, the municipality of Karaburma was annexed to it, while in 1965 the municipality of Krnjača (with entire Pančevački Rit) also administratively joined Palilula.
Presidents of the Municipality:
The idea of separating the area of former municipality of Krnjača start gaining momentum in the 2000s, this time under the name ofDunavski Venac. As procedure in the city statute provides that the municipal assembly (in this case, of Palilula) needs to start the motion in the city assembly, after years of public agitation, the municipal assembly of Palilula agreed to do so in summer 2005. However it did not officially do so, and the organization for the separation of Dunavski Venac announced it will go to court.
The village of Čenta in the Vojvodina's municipality of Zrenjanin is located on the northern border of the municipality of Palilula. From time to time local residents have asked for Čenta to be annexed to the City of Belgrade. The majority of the population work in the territory of Belgrade and until recently, one regular bus line of Belgrade City public transportation connected Čenta to Belgrade.
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1948 | 47,168 | — |
| 1953 | 59,085 | +4.61% |
| 1961 | 89,141 | +5.27% |
| 1971 | 126,380 | +3.55% |
| 1981 | 150,484 | +1.76% |
| 1991 | 156,587 | +0.40% |
| 2002 | 155,902 | −0.04% |
| 2011 | 173,521 | +1.20% |
| 2022 | 182,624 | +0.47% |
| Source:[23][24] | ||
With a population of 182,624 inhabitants, according to the 2022 census results, Palilula is the second most populous municipality of Belgrade (afterNovi Beograd. The fastest-growing population in the municipality is still the suburb ofBorča.
According to the 2022 Census of population:
| Ethnic group | Population |
|---|---|
| Serbs | 148,809 |
| Romani | 4,983 |
| Gorani | 2,847 |
| Yugoslavs | 1,179 |
| Macedonians | 579 |
| Romanians | 543 |
| Muslims | 516 |
| Montenegrins | 457 |
| Russians | 420 |
| Croats | 397 |
| Bosniaks | 295 |
| Hungarians | 224 |
| Others | 5,462 |
| Unknown | 15,913 |
| Total | 182,624 |
Neighborhoods of urban Palilula on the right bank of Danube:
Settlements of suburban Palilula on the right bank of the Danube:
Neighborhoods of urban Palilula on the left bank of Danube:
Settlements and neighborhoods of suburban Palilula on the left bank of Danube:
Note: Borča and Ovča are classified as urban settlements (towns).
|
|
|
|
|
Railways in Palilula municipality | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Industry and adjoining economic activities are located mostly along the right bank of the Danube. It includes the highly industrialized neighborhoods of Viline Vode (TEMPO cash-and-carry center, several gravel and sand extracting companies on the Danube's bank, Beograd railway, Centroprom, Martez, Tehnohemija, Jugopapir, Duga, the Avala cardboard factory, Balkan, the eastern part of the port of Belgrade and the railway station Beograd-Dunav) and Ada Huja (hangars and companies for building and construction, including a series of concrete plants and gravel and aggregates storing and treating facilities, paper and cardboard factory Avala-Ada, furniture factory Novi Dom, gravel storages of Tembo and DV Trade, etc.). It also includes a series of brickworks which occupy extensive areas of the northern ridge of the Field of Višnjica (Polet, Trudbenik, Jedinstvo, Kozara, Balkan, Rekord). There is also an extensive industrial zone in Krnjača and agricultural industry in Padinska Skela.
Palilula is crisscrossed by some of the major railroads in Belgrade area:Zrenjaninski put,Pančevački put,Višnjička street,Slanački put, etc. Belgrade's only bridge over the Danube,Pančevo Bridge (with railway) is located in Palilula.
Intensive agricultural production has developed in Banat section and eastern areas around Veliko Selo and Slanci, producing large amounts of food (grains, fruits, vegetables, dairy products, etc.) for the population of Belgrade. Palilula has the largest agricultural area of all municipalities of Belgrade. It covers an area of 298 square kilometers, or 66,5% of the entire municipal territory.[6][25]
Palilula Greenmarket (Paliluska pijaca) is a smallfarmers market in the neighborhood of Palilula, along the27. marta Street, below the Tašmajdan.[26] It developed as an unregulated market in 1949. In November 2017 it was closed as the construction of the combined shopping center, which would partially include the modernized greenmarket, will begin. Some of the market stalls have been placed on the open, at the plateau near theTašmajdan Sports and Recreation Center in theIlije Garašanina Street, until the works are finished. The estimated length of the construction of the new market is 18 months, or May 2019. The new building has a total floor area of 12,691 m (41,637 ft) and because of the shape and multi-layered appearance, it has been nicknamed "Vasa's Torte". In May 2019 the deadline was moved to September 2019.[27][28][29] Though deputy mayor Goran Vesić confirmed that the market will be opened on 1 September, though the construction works were finished by this date, the facility wasn't connected to communal grid, including the electric one, nothing inside was installed and the object had no necessary permits for becoming operational,[30] so the deadline was moved for 1 December,[31] and then to the end of December.[32] It was finally opened on 30 December 2019.[33] Few months later, being located indoors and due to the2020 COVID-19 pandemic, it was the first Belgrade farmers market to be closed, and the last one to get opened (23 March-28 April).[34][35]
The following table gives a preview of total number of registered people employed in legal entities per their core activity (as of 2022):[36]
| Activity | Total |
|---|---|
| Agriculture, forestry and fishing | 940 |
| Mining and quarrying | 103 |
| Manufacturing | 9,353 |
| Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply | 164 |
| Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities | 825 |
| Construction | 3,851 |
| Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles | 12,415 |
| Transportation and storage | 4,752 |
| Accommodation and food services | 2,825 |
| Information and communication | 5,588 |
| Financial and insurance activities | 1,721 |
| Real estate activities | 341 |
| Professional, scientific and technical activities | 5,538 |
| Administrative and support service activities | 6,759 |
| Public administration and defense; compulsory social security | 8,098 |
| Education | 5,602 |
| Human health and social work activities | 1,751 |
| Arts, entertainment and recreation | 2,490 |
| Other service activities | 1,258 |
| Individual agricultural workers | 180 |
| Total | 74,555 |
Urban Palilula hosts some of the most important faculties withinBelgrade University: the Technical Faculty,the Faculty of Law and the Mining and Geology Faculty. Also, the building ofRadio Television of Serbia,St. Mark's Church, Tašmajdan Park,Pionir Hall for sports, and thestadium of theOFK Belgrade soccer team are all located in the municipality.
Park "Đuro Strugar" is located between the streetsMitropolita Petra,Braće Grim,Jaše Prodanovića andČarlija Čaplina, which is effectively split in two by the park. It is situated north of the "Rade Končar" school of electrotechnics and west of the Pionir Ice Hall in theHall Aleksandar Nikolić complex. The park have a children's playground and basketball court and has been renovated in May 2017.[37]
The spas of Višnjička Banja and Ovčanska Banja are not used or developed enough.[according to whom?] Belgrade's largestkart racing track is located in Ada Huja. The future artificial island ofČaplja on the Danube is planned as a modern entertainment park, with aqua parks, golf courses, etc.
Palilula is twinned with following cities and municipalities:[38]
Faiakes,Greece, since 2007
Gradiška,Bosnia and Herzegovina, since 2019[39]
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
