Octane is a component ofgasoline and petroleum. Understandard temperature and pressure, octane is an odorless, colorless liquid. Like other short-chained alkanes with a low molecular weight, it isvolatile, flammable, and toxic. Octane is 1.2 to 2 times more toxic thanheptane.[5]
In petrochemistry, octanes are not typically differentiated or purified as specific compounds. Octanes are components of particular boiling fractions.[6]
A common route to such fractions is thealkylation reaction between iso-butane and 1-butene, which forms iso-octane.[7]
Octane is commonly used as a solvent in paints and adhesives.
N-octane is the octane isomer that has the longest carbon skeleton. Unlike its constitutional isomers, it has a very low knock resistance.
The octane isomer,iso-octane, is used as one of the standards for octane ratings. It has a rating of 100 by definition.
The octane isomer2,3,3-Trimethylpentane has an octane rating exceeding 100.
^"octane - Compound Summary".PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 16 September 2004. Identification and Related Records. Retrieved6 January 2012.
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