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| CJ-6 | |
|---|---|
 A Nanchang CJ-6A | |
| General information | |
| Type | Basic Trainer |
| Manufacturer | Nanchang Aircraft Factory (Hongdu) |
| Status | Operational |
| Primary user | People's Liberation Army Air Force |
| Number built | 2,000+ |
| History | |
| Manufactured | 1958-present |
| Introduction date | 1960 |
| First flight | August 27, 1958 |
TheNanchang CJ-6 (Chinese:初教6) is a Chinese basic trainer aircraft designed and built by theNanchang Aircraft Factory (now Hongdu Aviation) for use by thePeople's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF).
The CJ-6 (Chu Jiao 初教 = Chuji Jiaolianji 初级教练机 = basic trainer aircraft) is an all-original Chinese design that is commonly mistaken for a Yak-18A. Its predecessor, theNanchang CJ-5, was a licence-built version of theYak-18. However, advancements in pilot training brought a need for a new aircraft with improved performance and a tricycle landing gear. When theSoviet Union developed the Yak-18A, PLAAF engineers decided that its performance and design would not suit China's needs.[1]
The aircraft was designed in 1958 by theNanchang Aircraft Factory (now Hongdu Aviation). As theShenyang Aircraft Factory already had experience building theShenyang JJ-1 begun technical research for the CJ-6, more than 20 Shenyang designers were transferred to Nanchang, including chief designersTu Jida and Lin Jiahua.[2]Xu Shunshou andHuang Zhiqian, then China's top aircraft designers, were also involved.[1]
During late 1957 Aeronautical Engineers Cheng Bushi and Lin Jiahua began work in Shenyang on atrainer design that addressed the shortcomings of the Yak-18A. The design they delivered featured an aluminumsemi-monocoque fuselage, flush-riveted throughout, and introduced a modified Clark airfoil wing design with pronounced dihedral in the outer sections. The dihedral and an angular vertical tail distinguish it externally from the otherwise vaguely similar Yak-18A. Wind tunnel testing validated the design, and in May 1958 the program was transferred to the Nanchang Aircraft Manufacturing factory where Chief Engineer Gao Zhenning initiated production of the CJ-6. The first flight of the CJ-6 was completed on August 27, 1958, by Lu Maofan and He Yinxi.
Power for the prototype was provided by a Czech-built horizontally-opposed piston engine, but flight testing revealed the need for more power, so a locally manufactured version of the SovietAI-14P 260 hp radial, the Huosai HS-6 (Chinese:活塞-6), was substituted along with a matching propeller, and with that change the CJ-6 was approved for mass production. In 1965 the HS-6 engine was upgraded to 285 hp and redesignated the HS-6A, and the aircraft equipped with the new power plant were designated the CJ-6A.
A total production run estimated at more than 3,000 aircraft supplied CJ-6 aircraft for PLAAF training, as well as for export (as the PT-6) to countries including Albania, Bangladesh, Cambodia, North Korea, Tanzania, and Sri Lanka.
It is expected theCJ-7 Trainer (L-7) primary trainer jointly developed by Hongdu andYakovlev will replace the CJ-6s in the PLAAF.
CJ-6 attained its civil aviation type certificate on February 28, 2019, more than 60 years after it entered military service in China.
One thing to note is that the Nanchang CJ-6 makes extensive use ofpneumatics to control the gear and flap extension/retraction, operate the brakes and start the engine. An engine-driven air pump recharges the system; however if air pressure is too low to start the engine then the onboard air tank can be recharged by an external source. If an external source is not available then the engine can be started by hand swinging the propeller.
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Due to its low price and sturdy construction, the CJ-6A is a popular hobby plane. A used CJ-6 in the United States can cost as little as $75,000.[6] The aircraft appears on the civil register of the US, Australia, New Zealand, UK, South Africa and other countries.
In Australia, CJ-6 aircraft are generally operated in the Limited Category. This is administered by the Australian Warbirds Association Limited (AWAL). The AWAL operates under an approval from theAustralian government's Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) to manage the operation of ex-military aircraft.
Data from Jane's Aircraft Recognition Guide[12]
General characteristics
Performance
Armament
