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Nakhon Si Thammarat province

Coordinates:8°25′7″N99°57′49″E / 8.41861°N 99.96361°E /8.41861; 99.96361
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Province of Thailand
This articleis written like atravel guide. Pleasehelp improve the article by introducing anencyclopedic style or move the content toWikivoyage.(May 2015)
Province in Thailand
Nakhon Si Thammarat
นครศรีธรรมราช
Nakhon Si Thammarat province
Other transcription(s)
 • Southern Thaiนครศรีธรรมราช(pronounced[nàʔ.kʰɔ̂ːn.síː.tʰām.mǎʔ.rǎt̚])
คอน(pronounced[kʰɔ̂ːn])
 • MalayLigor(Rumi)
From left to right, top to bottom : Nakhon Si Thammarat City Wall,Wat Phra Mahathat, Nakhon Si Thammarat PAO Stadium,Nakhon Si Thammarat Airport, Aerial view ofTalumphuk Cape andGulf of Thailand
Flag of Nakhon Si Thammarat
Flag
Official seal of Nakhon Si Thammarat
Seal
Nickname(s): 
Muangkhon (Thai: เมืองคอน)
Nakhon (Thai:นคร)
Motto(s): 
เราชาวนครฯ อยู่เมืองพระ มั่นอยู่ในสัจจะศีลธรรม กอปรกรรมดี มีมานะพากเพียร ไม่เบียดเบียนทำอันตรายผู้ใด
("We the Nakhon people's, the city of Buddhism. Strong in moral truth, good karma and perseverance. Never encroach nor harm anyone")
Map of Thailand highlighting Nakhon Si Thammarat province
Map of Thailand highlighting Nakhon Si Thammarat province
Coordinates:8°25′7″N99°57′49″E / 8.41861°N 99.96361°E /8.41861; 99.96361
CountryThailand
CapitalNakhon Si Thammarat
Government
 • GovernorSomchai Leelanoi
Area
 • Total
9,885 km2 (3,817 sq mi)
 • Rank18th
Population
 (2024)[2]
 • Total
Decrease1,534,653
 • Rank9th
 • Density155/km2 (400/sq mi)
  • Rank25th
Human Achievement Index
 • HAI (2022)0.6263 "somewhat low"
Ranked 61st
GDP
 • Totalbaht 154 billion
(US$5.3 billion) (2019)
Time zoneUTC+7 (ICT)
Postal code
80xxx
Calling code075
ISO 3166 codeTH-80
Websitenakhonsithammarat.go.th
Provincial Administrative Organization
Nakhon Si Thammarat Provincial Administrative Organization
องค์การบริหารส่วนจังหวัดนครศรีธรรมราช
Map
Government
 • TypeLocal administrative divisions
 • BodyNakhon Si Thammarat Provincial Administrative Organization
 • PresidentWarin Chinwong
Websitenakhonsi.go.th

Nakhon Si Thammarat province (Thai:จังหวัดนครศรีธรรมราช,pronounced[ná(ʔ).kʰɔ̄ːnsǐːtʰām.mā.râːt]) is aprovince (changwat) ofThailand, on the western shore of theGulf of Thailand. As of 2018[update], it was the most populous province ofSouthern Thailand, with a population of approximately 1.5 million.[2] Neighboring provinces are (from south clockwise)Songkhla,Phatthalung,Trang,Krabi andSurat Thani.[5]

Toponymy

[edit]

Nakhon Si Thammarat is the Thai form ofSanskritNagara Sri Dharmaraja, meaning 'City of the SacredDharma King'. The name is sometimes abbreviated toNakhon Si (Thai:นครศรีฯ) or simply,Nakhon (Thai:นครฯ). The province is also colloquially calledMuangkhon (Thai:เมืองคอน) and its peopleKhonkhon (Thai:คนคอน).

Geography

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The province is on theGulf of Thailand on the east side of theMalay Peninsula. The terrain is mostly rugged hilly forest. The province is home to south Thailand's highest peak,Khao Luang, at 1,835 metres (6,000 ft).The total forest area is 1,820 km2 (700 sq mi) or 18.4 percent of provincial area.[6]

National parks

[edit]

There area a total of six national parks, five of which, along with fifteen other national parks, make upregion 5 (Nakhon Si Thammarat) and Khao Pu–Khao Ya inregion 6 (Songkhla) of Thailand's protected areas.

History

[edit]
Nakhon Si Thammarat City Pillar Shrine
Main article:Nakhon Si Thammarat Kingdom

Nakhon Si Thammarat is one of the oldest cities in Thailand with a rich history. The earliest settlement in the vicinity of the city was Tha Rua, about ten kilometers south of the modern city, where ceramics from theSong dynasty were found dated to the twelfth century.In ancient times, Nakhon Si Thammarat was under the rule of theSrivijaya, the king ofSrivijaya had established a foothold on theMalay Peninsula at Ligor" by 775, where he "built various edifices, including a sanctuary dedicated to theBuddha and to the Bodhisattvas Padmapani andVajrapani.

TheChronicles of Nakhon Si Thammarat, composed in the seventeenth century, attributed the foundation of current city of Nakhon Si Thammarat to King Sri Thammasok in the thirteenth century. An inscription found at Chaiya stated that King Sri Thammasok ruled Tambralinga in 1231. King Sri Thammasok constructedWat Phra Mahathat and introduced SinghaleseTheravada Buddhism. TheNakhon Si Thammarat Kingdom held authorities over "twelve cities" that extended fromChumphon to the north andPahang to the south. TheRamkamhaeng Stele ofSukhothai first mentioned "Nakhon Si Thammarat" in 1292, which means "The City of King Sri Thammasok" or "The City of the Virtuous king". The Nakhon Si Thammarat kingdom ended and the city perished in the fourteenth century. The ruler ofPhetchaburi known as Phra Phanom Thale sent his son Phra Phanom Wang to re-establish the city and rule. Nakhon Si Thammarat then came under the influence of Central SiameseKingdom of Ayutthaya under themandala system.

Ayutthaya Period

[edit]

Nakhon Si Thammarat was further incorporated intoAyutthaya, who appointed governors to the city, through centralization under KingTrailokanat in the fifteenth century. Nakhon Si Thammarat served as the main seat of Siamese authority over Southern Thailand and the Malay Peninsula, becoming Muang Ek or first-level city.Yamada Nagamasa, the Japanese adventurer, was appointed as the governor of Nakhon Si Thammarat in 1629.

After theSiamese revolution of 1688, the governor of Nakhon Si Thammarat rebelled against the newKing Phetracha. King Phetracha sent troops to put down rebels in Nakhon Si Thammarat in 1692.

Thonburi Period

[edit]

After theFall of Ayutthaya in 1767, Phra Palat Nu the vice-governor of Nakhon Si Thammarat established himself as the local warlord and ruler over Southern Thailand.King Taksin ofThonburi marched south to subjugate Phra Palat Nu orChao Phraya Nakhon Nu in 1769.Chao Phraya Nakhon Nu was taken to Thonburi but King Taksin re-installed Nakhon Nu as atributary ruler of Nakhon Si Thammarat in 1776.

Rattanakosin Period

[edit]

AfterChaophraya Nakhon (Noi), his son and grandson became respective governors of Nakhon Si Thammarat. During the reforms ofKing Chulalongkorn, the traditional governorship of Nakhon Si Thammarat was abolished and the city was incorporated into theMonthon Nakhon Si Thammarat in 1896.

When themonthon system was abolished in 1932, Nakhon Si Thammarat then became a province until the present.

Environment

[edit]

Forestedpeat swamp forests cover more than 9,900hectares on the borders of Nakhon Si Thammarat, Phatthalung, and Songkhla provinces. About 800 hectares of the peat swamp were destroyed by 88 fires in the first half of 2019. The Royal Forest Department says that most of the fires in the Khuan Khreng peat swamp forest were man-made. Criminals clear the forest for the illegal expansion of rubber and oil palm plantations. Honey collectors and fishermen were also complicit as they burn grass to catch fish or to collect wild honey. Khuan Khreng peat swamp was hit by drought in what is normally the rainy season making it susceptible to arson. The forest is surrounded by oil palm plantations and surface water in the forest has been drained out to feed the plantations.[9]

The province is home toKhao Luang National Park andHat Khanom–Mu Ko Thale Tai National Park.

Religion

[edit]

Nakhon Si Thammarat people Most believe in Buddhism , approximately 92.08%, followed by Islam which is approximately 7.03%, Christianity in addition to other religions, approximately 0.89%, (population data: 1,516,499 people in 2009)

FaithPercentage
Buddhist92.08%
Muslim7.03%
Other0.89%

Economy

[edit]

Tourism has become a first-tier tourist province, as defined by the central government, joining 22 other first-tier provinces. In 2019, it is projected to receive four million tourists—80% of them domestic—largely attracted by religious sites. They contributed more than 11 billionbaht to the provincial economy. TheAirports Department plans to expand Nakhon Si Thammarat airport runways and terminal by 2022 to deal with an anticipated increase in international flights to support foreign visitor arrivals. The province has 320 hotels with 8,800 rooms, up from 310 hotels and 7,000 rooms in 2018.[10]

Symbols

[edit]

Theprovincial seal shows the Phra Baromathatchedi of Wat Phra Mahathat Voramahavihan, one of the most important historical sites in southern Thailand. According to the city chronicle it was already built in 311, but archaeology dates it to the 13th century. The chedi was built by the ruler of Malay Buddha Kingdom of Tambralinga, named Chandrabhanu Sridhamaraja of The Patama Vamsa (Lotus Dynasty). The chedi is surrounded by the animals of theChinese zodiac in the seal. The twelve animals represent the twelveNaksat cities or city-states which were tributary to the Nakhon Si Thammarat kingdom: theRat ofSaiburi; theOx ofPattani; theTiger ofKelantan; theRabbit ofPahang (actually a city in Pahang which is said to be submerged by a lake now); theDragon ofKedah; theSnake ofPhatthalung; theHorse ofTrang; theGoat ofChumphon; theMonkey of Bantaysamer (might beChaiya, or a town inKrabi province); theRooster of Sa-ulau (unidentified city, might beSongkhla,Kanchanadit orPla Tha); theDog ofTakua Pa and aPig ofKraburi.[11]

The provincial flower is theGolden Shower Tree (Cassia fistula), and theprovincial tree isMillettia atropurpurea.[12] The provincial aquatic life is theclimbing perch (Anabas testudineus).

The provincial slogan is เมืองประวัติศาสตร์ พระธาตุทองคำ ชื่นฉ่ำธรรมชาติ แร่ธาตุอุดม เครื่องถมสามกษัตริย์ มากวัดมากศิลป์ ครบสิ้นกุ้งปู, which translates to "A historical town, the golden Phra That, plentiful minerals, three-metalnielloware, numerous temples, abundant shellfish."[12]

Administrative divisions

[edit]
Map of twenty three districts

Provincial government

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Nakhon Si Thammarat is divided into 23 districts (amphoes). The districts are further divided into 165 subdistricts (tambons) and 1428 villages (mubans).

  1. Mueang Nakhon Si Thammarat
  2. Phrom Khiri
  3. Lan Saka
  4. Chawang
  5. Phipun
  6. Chian Yai
  7. Cha-uat
  8. Tha Sala
  9. Thung Song
  10. Na Bon
  11. Thung Yai
  12. Pak Phanang
  1. Ron Phibun
  2. Sichon
  3. Khanom
  4. Hua Sai
  5. Bang Khan
  6. Tham Phannara
  7. Chulabhorn
  8. Phra Phrom
  9. Nopphitam
  10. Chang Klang
  11. Chaloem Phra Kiat

Local government

[edit]

As of 26 November 2019, there are:[13] one Nakhon Si Thammarat Provincial Administration Organisation (ongkan borihan suan changwat) and 54 municipal (thesaban) areas in the province. Nakhon Si Thammarat has (thesaban nakhon) status. Pak Phun, Thung Son and Pak Panang have town (thesaban mueang) status. Further 50 subdistrict municipalities (thesaban tambon). The non-municipal areas are administered by 130 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations - SAO (ongkan borihan suan tambon).

Transport

[edit]

Nakhon Si Thammarat is served byNakhon Si Thammarat Airport and theNakhon Si Thammarat Railway Station.

Health

[edit]

Maharaj Nakhon Si Thammarat Hospital is the main hospital of the province, operated by theMinistry of Public Health.

Education

[edit]

Universities

[edit]

Public universities

[edit]

Vocational colleges

[edit]

Public vocational colleges

[edit]
  • Nakhon Si Thammarat Technical College
  • Thung Song Technical College
  • Sichon Technical College
  • Nakhon Si Thammarat Seaboard Industrial College
  • Nakhon Si Thammarat Polytechnic College
  • Nakhon Si Thammarat Vocational College
  • Nakhon Si Thammarat Arts and Crafts College
  • Nakhon Si Thammarat College of Agriculture and Technology
  • Nakhon Si Thammarat Industrial and Community Education College
  • Hua Sai Industrial and Community Education College
  • Phrom Khiri Industrial and Community Education College
  • Nakhon Si Thammarat Colleges of Dramatic Arts
  • Nakhon Si Thammarat College of Fine Arts

Private vocational colleges

[edit]
  • Innovation Technological College
  • Jaruspichakorn College of Technology
  • Satapat Nakhon Technological College
  • Thurakit Bundit Technological College
  • Nakhon Commercial Vocational College
  • Prateesasana Business Administration College
  • Thaksin Vocational Technological College
  • Pakphanang Vocational College
  • Southern Technological College
  • Thungsong Commercial College
  • Charoenmit Commercial Technological College
  • Sichon Commercial Technological College
  • Virasinpin Vocational College
  • Sakdisilpin Commercial School

Human achievement index 2022

[edit]
HealthEducationEmploymentIncome
49237341
HousingFamilyTransportParticipation
52502451
Province Nakhon Si Thammarat, with an HAI 2022 value of 0.6263 is "somewhat low", occupies place 61 in the ranking.
RankClassification
  1 - 13"high"
14 - 29"somewhat high"
30 - 45"average"
46 - 61"somewhat low"
62 - 77"low"
Map with provinces and HAI 2022 rankings

Sports

[edit]

Football

[edit]
Men's football club
TeamLeaguesLevelYearsRegionPosition
Nakhon Si Thammarat F.C.Regional League Division 2Level 32009Southern3rd
2010Southern11th
2011Southern13th
2012Southern7th
Nakhon Si Heritage F.C.Regional League Division 2Level 32013Southern9th
2014Southern12th
2015Southern9th
2016Southern12th
Thai Football Amateur TournamentLevel 52018Upper Southern
Muang Khon United F.C.Thai Football Division 3Level 42016Southern4th
Thai Football Amateur TournamentLevel 52017Upper Southern2nd
2018Upper Southern
Nakhon Si Thammarat Unity F.C.Thai League 3Level 32017Lower8th
Nakhon Si United F.C.Thai League 3Level 32018Lower
Women's football club
TeamLeaguesLevelYearsRegionPosition
Thung Song City F.C.Thai Women's Division 1 LeagueLevel 22011Thailand5th
Nakhon Si Thammarat Women F.C.Thai Women's Division 1 LeagueLevel 22013Thailand2nd
Nakhon Si Lady SS F.C.Thai Women's LeagueLevel 12017Thailand6th
Youth football club
TeamLeaguesLevelYearsRegionPosition
Nakhon Si Heritage F.C. U13Thailand Youth LeagueLevel 12016–17Southern4th
2017–18Southern3rd
Nakhon Si Thammarat F.C. U13Thailand Youth LeagueLevel 12017–18Southern8th
Nakhon Si Heritage F.C. U17Thailand Youth LeagueLevel 12016–17Southern2nd
Nakhon Si Thammarat Unity F.C. U19Thailand Youth LeagueLevel 12017–18Southern4th

Volleyball clubs

[edit]
Men's Volleyball Club
TeamLeaguesLevelYearsRegionPosition
Supreme Nakhon Si ThammaratMen's Volleyball Thailand LeagueLevel 12010–11Thailand8th
Women's Volleyball Club
TeamLeaguesLevelYearsRegionPosition
Supreme Nakhon Si ThammaratWomen's Volleyball Thailand LeagueLevel 12010–11Thailand5th
2011–12Thailand2nd
2012–13Thailand5th

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Table 2 Forest area Separate province year 2019". Royal Forest Department. Retrieved6 April 2021.
  2. ^ab"Official statistics registration systems". Department of Provincial Administration (DOPA). Retrieved10 February 2025, year 2024 >provincial level >Excel File >no.80{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  3. ^"ข้อมูลสถิติดัชนีความก้าวหน้าของคน ปี 2565 (PDF)" [Human Achievement Index Databook year 2022 (PDF)]. Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC) (in Thai). Retrieved12 March 2024, page 35{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  4. ^"Gross Regional and Provincial Product, 2019 Edition".<>. Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC). July 2019.ISSN 1686-0799. Retrieved22 January 2020.
  5. ^"About Nakhon Si Thammarat".Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT). Retrieved2 August 2019.
  6. ^"ตารางที่ 2 พี้นที่ป่าไม้ แยกรายจังหวัด พ.ศ.2562" [Table 2 Forest area Separate province year 2019]. Royal Forest Department (in Thai). 2019. Retrieved6 April 2021, information, Forest statistics Year 2019{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  7. ^abcde"ข้อมูลพื้นที่อุทยานแห่งชาติ ที่ประกาศในราชกิจจานุบกษา 133 แห่ง" [National Park Area Information published in the 133 Government Gazettes]. Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation (in Thai). December 2020. Retrieved1 November 2022.
  8. ^"ข้อมูลพื้นที่อุทยานแห่งชาติ (เตรียมการ) 22 แห่ง" [Information of 22 National Parks Areas (Preparation)]. Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation (in Thai). December 2020. Retrieved1 November 2022.
  9. ^"More firefighters sent to Khuan Khreng swamp fire in Nakhon Si Thammarat".Thai PBS World. 1 August 2019. Retrieved2 August 2019.
  10. ^Worrachaddejchai, Dusida (23 September 2019)."New province joins 1st-tier tourism ranks".Bangkok Post. Retrieved23 September 2019.
  11. ^"Nakhon Sri Thammarat: Provincial Escutcheon".Thailex. Retrieved26 May 2015.[failed verification]
  12. ^ab"จังหวัดนครศรีธรรมราช".Nakhon Si Thammarat Provincial Administration (in Thai). Archived fromthe original on 2004-08-24. Retrieved2015-07-31.
  13. ^"Number of local government organizations by province".dla.go.th. Department of Local Administration (DLA). 26 November 2019. Retrieved10 December 2019.21 Nakhon Si Thammarat: 1 PAO, 1 City mun., 3 Town mun., 50 Subdistrict mun., 130 SAO.
  14. ^"Walailak University International College".Walailak University International College. Retrieved21 June 2019.

External links

[edit]
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